El índice nutricional pronóstico como factor pronóstico independiente para la respuesta al tratamiento, la supervivencia y la elección del fármaco en el cáncer de próstata metastásico resistente a la castración tratado con acetato de abiraterona o enzalutamida / Prognostic nutritional index is an independent prognostic factor for treatment response, survival and drug choice in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide

Objetivo El objetivo del presente artículo fue identificar el valor pronóstico del índice nutricional pronóstico (INP) basal en pacientes con cáncer de próstata resistente a la castración metastásico (CPRCm) tratados con acetato de abiraterona o enzalutamida. Métodos Se incluyeron 101 pacientes de CPRCm. El INP se calculó mediante la fórmula 10×valor de albúmina sérica (g/dl)+0,005×recuento total de linfocitos (mm3). Se utilizó el análisis ROC para determinar el valor pronóstico del INP. Resultados El valor de corte estadísticamente significativo para el INP fue 46,62. La respuesta inicial del PSA y la cinética del PSA (respuesta precoz por PSA y respuesta por PSA del 30-50-90% en cualquier momento) fueron mucho mejores en el grupo INP>46,62 que en el grupo INP≤46,62 (p<0,01). En el análisis multivariante, el INP basal >46,62 fue un predictor independiente de la SLP por PSA (HR: 0,42; p<0,01), la SLP radiológica (HR: 0,53; p<0,01) y la SG (HR: 0,42; p<0,01). En el grupo de INP≤46,62, la mediana de la SG fue de 7,4 meses (IC 95%: 4,1-10,7) para el subgrupo de acetato de abiraterona frente a 17,6 meses (IC 95%: 10,1-25,1) para los subgrupos de enzalutamida (p<0,01). Conclusión El INP es un marcador pronóstico útil e independiente para los pacientes con CPRCm tratados con acetato de abiraterona o enzalutamida. El uso del INP previo al tratamiento puede ayudar a los médicos en la predicción de la supervivencia y en la elección de acetato de abiraterona o enzalutamida (AU)

Purpose We designed this study to identify the prognostic value of baseline prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients treated with abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide. Methods One hundred one mCRPC patients were included. PNI was calculated using formula 10 × serum albumin value (g/dl)+.005 × total lymphocyte count (per mm3). ROC analysis was used for determining prognostic PNI value. Results The statistically significant cut-off value for PNI was 46.62. Initial PSA response and PSA kinetics (early PSA response and 30-50%-90% PSA response at any time) were much better in PNI>46.62 group than the PNI ≤46.62 group (P<.01). In multivariate analysis, baseline PNI level >46.62 was an independent predictor of PSA-PFS (HR: .42; P<.01), radiologic PFS (HR: .53; P<.01), and OS (HR: .42; P<.01). In the PNI≤46.62 group, median OS was 7.4 months (95% CI: 4.1-10.7) for the abiraterone acetate subgroup vs. 17.6 months (95% CI: 10.1-25.1) for enzalutamide subgroups (P<.01). Conclusion PNI is a useful, independent prognostic marker for mCRPC patients treated with either abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide. Using pre-treatment PNI may help clinicians in the prediction of survival and decision making based on abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide (AU)

Melamine residues in tissues of broilers fed diets containing graded levels of melamine.

An experiment was conducted to determine melamine residual levels in the tissues of broiler chickens fed diets containing graded levels of melamine. Ten experimental diets were developed to contain 0, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1,000 mg of melamine/kg of diet. Each diet was offered in 4 replicate cages (12 birds per cage) from d 1 to 42, followed by a 7-d feeding of a withdrawal diet that contained no melamine. On d 28, 42, and 49, one bird per replicate was killed and tissue samples from the breast meat, liver, and kidney were collected for the determination of residual melamine levels. Throughout the 42-d feeding period, feeding diets containing graded levels of melamine had no effect (P>0.05) on the weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and mortality of broiler chickens. Residue levels of melamine in broiler tissues at d 28 and 42 were below the detection limit when the diets contained

Icariin inhibits the osteoclast formation induced by RANKL and macrophage-colony stimulating factor in mouse bone marrow culture.

Icariin is a prenylated flavonol glycoside contained in the herb Epimedium, which has long been used to improve bone fracture healing or prevent osteoporosis because of the belief that the herb has bone-strengthening action. We have previously demonstrated that icariin enhances the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells, and partially explained the bone-strengthening mechanism of the herb. In the present study, the effect of icariin on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption activity was investigated in mouse bone marrow culture. It was found that icariin dose-dependently inhibited the growth and differentiation of hemopoietic cells from which osteoclasts were formed. Far less TRAP+ multinuclear cells appeared in the 10 microM icariin group than in the control. The bone resorption pits formed in the 10 microM icariin group was also significantly less than that of the control. RT-PCR analysis showed that the gene expression of TRAP, RANK and CTR was obviously lower than that of the control. It can be concluded that icariin has the ability to inhibit the formation and bone resorption activity of osteoclasts, which suggests that icariin should be the effective component for the bone-strengthening action of herb Epimedium.