Autoclaving-treated germinated brown rice relieves hyperlipidemia by modulating gut microbiota in humans.

Introduction: Germinated brown rice is a functional food with a promising potential for alleviating metabolic diseases. This study aimed to explore the hypolipidemic effects of autoclaving-treated germinated brown rice (AGBR) and the underlying mechanisms involving gut microbiota. Methods: Dietary intervention with AGBR or polished rice (PR) was implemented in patients with hyperlipidemia for 3 months, and blood lipids were analyzed. Nutritional characteristics of AGBR and PR were measured and compared. Additionally, 16S rDNA sequencing was performed to reveal the differences in gut microbiota between the AGBR and PR groups. Results: AGBR relieves hyperlipidemia in patients, as evidenced by reduced levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein-B, and elevated levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein-A1. In terms of nutrition, AGBR had significantly higher concentrations of free amino acids (10/16 species), γ-aminobutyric acid, resistant starch, soluble dietary fiber, and flavonoids (11/13 species) than PR. In addition, higher microbial abundance, diversity, and uniformity were observed in the AGBR group than in the PR group. At the phylum level, AGBR reduced Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Desulfobacterota, and Synergistota, and elevated Bacteroidota and Verrucomicrobiota. At the genus level, AGBR elevated Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Dialister, Prevotella, and Bifidobacterium, and reduced Escherichia-Shigella, Blautia, Romboutsia, and Turicibacter. Discussion: AGBR contributes to the remission of hyperlipidemia by modulating the gut microbiota.

The Role and Therapeutic Potential of Melatonin in Degenerative Fundus Diseases: Diabetes Retinopathy and Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Degenerative fundus disease encompasses a spectrum of ocular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which are major contributors to visual impairment and blindness worldwide. The development and implementation of effective strategies for managing and preventing the onset and progression of these diseases are crucial for preserving patients' visual acuity. Melatonin, a neurohormone primarily produced by the pineal gland, exhibits properties such as circadian rhythm modulation, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and neuroprotection within the ocular environment. Furthermore, melatonin has been shown to suppress neovascularization and reduce vascular leakage, both of which are critical in the pathogenesis of degenerative fundus lesions. Consequently, melatonin emerges as a promising therapeutic candidate for degenerative ocular diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of melatonin synthesis, its localization within ocular tissues, and its mechanisms of action, particularly in regulating melatonin production, thereby underscoring its potential as a therapeutic agent for degenerative fundus diseases.

Recent trends in extraction, purification, structural characterization, and biological activities evaluation of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton polysaccharide.

Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton is an annual herb plant of the Perilla genus in the Labiatae family, which is commonly utilized as an edible and medicinal resource. Polysaccharides are among the major components and essential bioactive compounds of P. frutescens, which exhibit a multitude of biological activities, including antioxidant, antitumor, anti-fatigue, immunoregulation, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-lowering effects. As a natural carbohydrate, P. frutescens polysaccharide has the potential to be utilized in the development of drugs and functional materials. In this paper, we provide an overview of progress made on the extraction, purification, structural characterization, and bioactivity of polysaccharides from different parts of P. frutescens. The challenges and opportunities for research are discussed, along with the potential development prospects and future areas of focus in the study of P. frutescens polysaccharides.

Sample size estimation for AQP4-IgG seropositive optic neuritis: Retinal damage detection by optical coherence tomography.

We recruited four aquaporin-4 seropositive optic neuritis patients (five eyes) who received glucocorticoid treatment and underwent optical coherence tomography examination. Baseline medians of the macular ganglion cell layer plus inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness and volume for the eye of interest were 79.67 µm (73.664 ± 18.497 µm) and 0.58 mm3 (0.534 ± 0.134 mm3), respectively. At 2 months, the medians of the mGCIPL thickness and volume were 60.00 µm (51.576 ± 12.611 µm) and 0.44 mm3 (0.376 ± 0.091 mm3), respectively. At 6 months, the medians of the mGCIPL thickness and volume were 59.55 µm (46.288 ± 11.876 µm) and 0.44 mm3 (0.336 ± 0.084 mm3), respectively. Sample size estimate was achieved using two methods based on the mGCIPL thickness and volume data, with five effect sizes considered. The estimate based on the mGCIPL volume showed that 206 patients were needed at the 6-month follow-up; the power was 80% and effect size was 20%. In conclusion, this study detected retinal damage in aquaporin-4 seropositive optic neuritis patients by optical coherence tomography, and estimated the sample size for two-sample parallel designed clinical trials using two methods.

Enzymatic Preparation and Processing Properties of DPP-IV Inhibitory Peptides Derived from Wheat Gluten: Effects of Pretreatment Methods and Protease Types.

The choice of appropriate proteases and pretreatment methods significantly influences the preparation of bioactive peptides. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different pretreatment methods on the hydrolytic performance of diverse proteases during the production of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory peptides derived from wheat and their foaming and emulsion properties. Dry heating, aqueous heating, and ultrasound treatment were employed as pretreatments for the protein prior to the enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat gluten. FTIR analysis results indicated that all pretreatment methods altered the secondary structure of the protein; however, the effects of dry heating treatment on the secondary structure content were opposite to those of aqueous heating and ultrasound treatment. Nevertheless, all three methods enhanced the protein solubility and surface hydrophobicity. By using pretreated proteins as substrates, five different types of proteases were employed for DPP-IV inhibitory peptide production. The analysis of the DPP-IV inhibitory activity, degree of hydrolysis, and TCA-soluble peptide content revealed that the specific pretreatments had a promoting or inhibiting effect on DPP-IV inhibitory peptide production depending on the protease used. Furthermore, the pretreatment method and the selected type of protease collectively influenced the foaming and emulsifying properties of the prepared peptides.

Tryptase and Exogenous Trypsin: Mechanisms and Ophthalmic Applications.

Ocular injuries caused by inflammation, surgery or accidents are subject to a physiological healing process that ultimately restores the structure and function of the damaged tissue. Tryptase and trypsin are essential component of this process and they play a role in promoting and reducing the inflammatory response of tissues, respectively. Following injury, tryptase is endogenously produced by mast cells and can exacerbate the inflammatory response both by stimulating neutrophil secretion, and through its agonist action on proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). In contrast, exogenously introduced trypsin promotes wound healing by attenuating inflammatory responses, reducing oedema and protecting against infection. Thus, trypsin may help resolve ocular inflammatory symptoms and promote faster recovery from acute tissue injury associated with ophthalmic diseases. This article describes the roles of tryptase and exogenous trypsin in affected tissues after onset of ocular injury, and the clinical applications of trypsin injection.

[Distribution of memory B cell subsets in peripheral blood of children with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome]. / é¢‘å¤å‘è‚¾ç— ç»¼åˆå¾æ‚£å„¿å¤–å‘¨è¡€è®°å¿†B细胞亚群分布变化.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the change in the distribution of memory B cell subsets in children with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS) during the course of the disease. METHODS: A total of 35 children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) who attended the Department of Pediatrics of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from October 2020 to October 2021 were enrolled as subjects in this prospective study. According to the response to glucocorticoid (GC) therapy and frequency of recurrence, the children were divided into two groups: FRNS (n=20) and non-FRNS (NFRNS; n=15). Fifteen children who underwent physical examination were enrolled as the control group. The change in memory B cells after GC therapy was compared between groups, and its correlation with clinical indicators was analyzed. RESULTS: Before treatment, the FRNS and NFRNS groups had significantly increased percentages of total B cells, total memory B cells, IgD+ memory B cells, and IgE+ memory B cells compared with the control group, and the FRNS group had significantly greater increases than the NFRNS group (P<0.05); the FRNS group had a significantly lower percentage of class-switched memory B cells than the NFRNS and control groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the FRNS and NFRNS groups had significant reductions in the percentages of total B cells, total memory B cells, IgM+IgD+ memory B cells, IgM+ memory B cells, IgE+ memory B cells, IgD+ memory B cells, and IgG+ memory B cells (P<0.05) and a significant increase in the percentage of class-switched memory B cells (P<0.05). The FRNS group had a significantly higher urinary protein quantification than the NFRNS and control groups (P<0.05) and a significantly lower level of albumin than the control group (P<0.05). In the FRNS group, urinary protein quantification was negatively correlated with the percentage of class-switched memory B cells and was positively correlated with the percentage of IgE+ memory B cells (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal distribution of memory B cell subsets may be observed in children with FRNS, and the percentages of IgE+ memory B cells and class-switched memory B cells can be used as positive and negative correlation factors for predicting recurrence after GC therapy in these children.

Ocular Lesions in Brucella Infection: A Review of the Literature.

Ocular lesions due to Brucella infection are uncommon and easily overlooked in clinical management, but must be differentiated from non-infectious eye diseases and treated promptly to protect the patient's vision. We reviewed the relevant literature and identified 47 patients with ocular complications of Brucella infection. Among them, 28 showed ocular neuropathy, 15 presented with uveitis, and four patients displayed other ocular symptoms. Ocular symptoms accompanying Brucella infection require prompt diagnosis and treatment. The main methods of diagnosis are intraocular fluid tests and blood tests. Early diagnosis and treatment with suitable antibiotics are central to protecting the patient's vision. Notably, in terms of mechanism of injury, Brucella infection is chronic and cannot be eliminated by phagocytes, and can cause damage to the eye by inducing autoimmune reactions, antigen-antibody complex production, release of endogenous and exogenous toxins, and bacterial production of septic thrombi in the tissues. In this review, we summarize the ocular symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of Brucella infection, and discuss the mechanisms of Brucella in ocular lesions, providing a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of Brucella ocular lesions.

Therapeutic Effect of Gypenosides on Antioxidant Stress Injury in Orbital Fibroblasts of Graves' Orbitopathy.

Purpose: To examine the impact of gypenosides (Gyps) on oxidative stress damage of orbital fibroblasts (OFs) from Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) patients. Methods: The relationship between Gyps and GO oxidative stress was understood by bioinformatics analysis. Orbital connective tissues of GO and non-GO patients were obtained for primary OF culture. The proliferation level of OFs was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 method, and the appropriate intervention concentration of Gyps and H2O2 was obtained. The expression of apoptosis-related protein mRNA was analyzed by RT-qPCR technique. ROS and SOD test suites were employed to detect the oxidative stress level in OFs. Flow cytometry apoptosis detection, TUNEL detection, and lactate dehydrogenase detection were used to analyze the level of apoptosis. Western blotting detection was utilized to examine the regulatory pathway of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy-related proteins. The changes of cell morphology, autophagosome, and autophagy lysosome were observed by transmission electron microscope. Results: The suitable intervention concentration of Gyps is 100 µg/mL, and the suitable intervention concentration of high concentration H2O2 is 350 µM. In comparison with the blank control group, the H2O2 intervention group enhanced the expression of apoptosis-related mRNA, the expression of ROS and SOD, the apoptosis rate, the expression of autophagy activation-related protein and Nrf2/ERK/HO-1 protein, and the number of autophagosomes and autophagy lysosomes. Compared with H2O2 intervention group, the expression of apoptosis-related mRNA decreased, ROS expression decreased, SOD expression increased, apoptosis rate decreased, autophagy activation-related protein expression decreased, Nrf2/ERK/HO-1 protein expression increased, and the quantity of autophagosomes and autophagy lysosomes decreased in H2O2 + Gyps intervention group. Conclusion: Gyps can decrease the oxidative stress level of OFs generated by H2O2, reduce cell autophagy, and reduce apoptosis. Gyps may regulate the oxidative stress response of OFs in GO patients via the Nrf2/ERK/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of curcumin on skin cutaneous melanoma: Bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experimental studies.

Objective: To reveal the potential mechanisms of curcumin for the treatment of skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) and its identify novel prognostic biomarkers. Methods: We searched the Cancer Genome Atlas and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database for the data on SKCM and curcumin. We conducted data analysis using R and online tools. The propagation and migration of SKCM cells were assessed with CCK-8 and scratch wound assays, respectively. We assessed apoptosis by TUNEL assay and western blot. Results: The survival analysis revealed that the mRNA expressions of DPYD, DPYS, LYN, PRKCQ, and TLR1 were significantly related to a favorable overall survival in SKCM patients. Additionally, the mRNA expression level of DPYD was associated with GPI, LYN, PCSK9, PRKCQ, and TLR1 mRNAs. GSEA results showed that the prognostic hub genes were augmented with ultraviolet, apoptosis, and metastasis. Curcumin expressed proliferation and migration of SK-MEL-1 cells (p < 0.05), and induced apoptosis (p < 0.05) significantly. Conclusion: Curcumin may have potential therapeutic effects in SKCM by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration and inducing apoptosis by regulating oxygen-related signaling pathways. The hub genes might be identified as novel biomarkers for SKCM.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Lactobacillus paracasei TK1501 and Its Application in the Biosynthesis of Isoflavone Aglycones.

Lactobacillus strains are considered safe and healthy probiotics for manufacturing "natural food" products; this is due to their ability to produce bioactive compounds that reduce the incidence of various human diseases. Lactobacillus paracasei TK1501 is a novel probiotic strain isolated from naturally fermented congee; and can produce a high yield of genistein, one of the most widely studied isoflavone aglycones with plenty of physiological functions. To better understand the molecular basis of isoflavone aglycones biosynthesis, the complete 2,942,538 bp genome of L. paracasei TK1501 was sequenced and assembled; a group of genes that are involved in isoflavone aglycones production were identified. Of note, a ß-glucosidase was analyzed in the L. paracasei TK1501. Moreover, we also found that L. paracasei TK1501 could be used in soymilk fermentation; which would remarkably increase the contents of genistein, daidzein, and glycitein. This work was meaningful to the application of L. paracasei TK1501 and the molecular mechanism analysis of isoflavone aglycones biosynthesis in Lactobacillus strains.

Nutritional Composition, Efficacy, and Processing of Vigna angularis (Adzuki Bean) for the Human Diet: An Overview.

Adzuki beans are grown in several countries around the world and are widely popular in Asia, where they are often prepared in various food forms. Adzuki beans are rich in starch, and their proteins contain a balanced variety of amino acids with high lysine content, making up for the lack of protein content of cereals in the daily diet. Therefore, the research on adzuki beans and the development of their products have broad prospects for development. The starch, protein, fat, polysaccharide, and polyphenol contents and compositions of adzuki beans vary greatly among different varieties. The processing characteristic components of adzuki beans, such as starch, isolated protein, and heated flavor, are reported with a view to further promote the processing and development of adzuki bean foods. In addition to favorable edibility, the human health benefits of adzuki beans include antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Furtherly, adzuki beans and extracts have positive effects on the prevention and treatment of diseases, including diabetes, diabetes-induced kidney disease or kidney damage, obesity, and high-fat-induced cognitive decline. This also makes a case for the dual use of adzuki beans for food and medicine and contributes to the promotion of adzuki beans as a healthy, edible legume.

Metabonomics analysis of flavonoids in seeds and sprouts of two Chinese soybean cultivars.

A popular food in China, soybean seeds and sprouts contained many biologically active substances which are beneficial to the human body, such as flavonoids. Northeast of China is the main producing area of soybean. The experimental materials came from the main soybean producing areas in Northeast China, this study compared flavonoids of two China cultivars of soybeans, Heinong52(HN52) and Heinong71(HN71). Here, we also considered the effects of germination on the chemical profile of flavonoids. Using a LC-ESI-MS/MS system, 114 differential flavonoid metabolites were identified. A total of 18 metabolites were significantly different between the two soybean varieties before germination, of which 14 were up-regulated and 4 were down-regulated. After germination, 33 significantly different metabolites were found in the two soybean sprouts, of which 19 were up-regulated and 14 were down-regulated. These experimental results revealed significant up-regulation of metabolites in soybean sprouts compared with soybean seeds, thus suggesting that soybean germination may increase content of flavonoid metabolites. There are six main pathways for the synthesis of flavonoids: isoflavonoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids. Soybean seeds lack flavone and flavanol biosynthesis and develop the capacity for this biosynthetic pathway after germination as sprouts. Isoflavonoid biosynthesis is the most abundantly utilized pathway.

NMCP-2 polysaccharide purified from Morchella conica effectively prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by decreasing cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial oxidative stress.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antibiotic used in the clinical treatment of cancer, but its use is limited due to its cardiotoxic effects. Therefore, it is necessary to explore natural compounds that are effective in protecting against the cardiotoxicity caused by DOX. Neutral Morchella conica polysaccharides-2 (NMCP-2) is a natural polysaccharide with antioxidant activity that was isolated and purified from Morchella conica in our laboratory's previous study. This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of NMCP-2 on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and the potential underlying mechanisms. The model of DOX-induced H9C2 cells and the model of DOX-induced mice were used in this study. In in vitro studies of H9C2 myocardial cells, NMCP-2 effectively increased the activity of H9C2 cells, reducing the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In the mouse model of DOX-induced chronic cardiotoxicity, NMCP-2 significantly reduced the cardiac index, reduced the release of serum cardiac enzymes, and improved the pathology of murine myocardial tissues, thereby alleviating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Further mechanism studies showed that pretreatment with NMCP-2 counteracted the oxidative stress induced by DOX, as indicated by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) production decreased. In addition, we observed NMCP-2 inhibited the activation of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and regulated the disordered expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the myocardial tissues of DOX-treated mice. These findings indicated that NMCP-2, a natural bioactive compound, could potentially be used as a food supplement to reduce the cardiotoxicity caused by DOX.

Quality Formation of Adzuki Bean Baked: From Acrylamide to Volatiles under Microwave Heating and Drum Roasting.

Baked adzuki beans are rich in tantalizing odor and nutritional components, such as protein, dietary fiber, vitamin B, and minerals. To analyze the final quality of baked beans, the acrylamide and volatile formation of adzuki beans were investigated under the conditions of microwave baking and drum roasting. The results indicate that the acrylamide formation in baked adzuki beans obeys the exponential growth function during the baking process, where a rapid increase in acrylamide content occurs at a critical temperature and low moisture content. The critical temperature that leads to a sudden increase in acrylamide content is 116.5 °C for the moisture content of 5.6% (w.b.) in microwave baking and 91.6 °C for the moisture content of 6.1% (w.b.) in drum roasting. The microwave-baked adzuki beans had a higher formation of the kinetics of acrylamide than that of drum-roasted beans due to the microwave volumetric heating mode. The acrylamide content in baked adzuki beans had a significant correlation with their color due to the Maillard reaction. A color difference of 11.1 and 3.6 may be introduced to evaluate the starting point of the increase in acrylamide content under microwave baking and drum roasting, respectively. Heating processes, including microwave baking and drum roasting, for adzuki beans generate characteristic volatile compounds such as furan, pyrazine, ketone, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, pyrroles, sulfocompound, phenols, and pyridine. Regarding flavor formation, beans baked via drum roasting showed better flavor quality than microwave-baked beans.

Biochemical and Structural Characterization of a Novel Bacterial Tannase From Lachnospiraceae bacterium in Ruminant Gastrointestinal Tract.

Tannases are a family of esterases that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester and depside bonds present in hydrolyzable tannins to release gallic acid. Here, a novel tannase from Lachnospiraceae bacterium (TanALb) was characterized. The recombinant TanALb exhibited maximal activity at pH 7.0 and 50°C, and it maintained more than 70% relative activity from 30°C to 55°C. The activity of TanALb was enhanced by Mg2+ and Ca2+, and was dramatically reduced by Cu2+ and Mn2+. TanALb is capable of degrading esters of phenolic acids with long-chain alcohols, such as lauryl gallate as well as tannic acid. The Km value and catalytic efficiency (k cat /Km) of TanALb toward five substrates showed that tannic acid (TA) was the favorite substrate. Homology modeling and structural analysis indicated that TanALb contains an insertion loop (residues 341-450). Based on the moleculer docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, this loop was observed as a flap-like lid to interact with bulk substrates such as tannic acid. TanALb is a novel bacterial tannase, and the characteristics of this enzyme make it potentially interesting for industrial use.

Corrigendum: Directed Evolution of Pseudomonas fluorescens Lipase Variants With Improved Thermostability Using Error-Prone PCR.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.01034.].

Directed Evolution of Pseudomonas fluorescens Lipase Variants With Improved Thermostability Using Error-Prone PCR.

Lipases catalyze the hydrolysis of fats and oils, and have been widely used in various industrial fields. However, bacterial lipases have a lower thermostability in industrial processes, which was a limiting factor in their industrial application. In this study, we obtained an improve variant of Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase (PFL) with enhanced thermostability using classical error-prone PCR. Wild-type PFL showed an optimal temperature and pH of 50°C and pH 7.5, respectively. Due to the low thermostability of PFL, a library containing over 3000 individual mutants as constructed using error-prone PCR. Screening for thermotolerance yielded the mutants L218P and P184C/M243C with Tm values of 62.5 and 66.0°C, which was 2.5 and 6°C higher than that of the WT, respectively. The combination of the two mutants (P184C/M243C/L218P) resulted in an approximately additive effect with a Tm value of 68.0°C. Although the increase of Tm was not substantial, the mutant also had dramatically increased methanol tolerance. Structural analysis revealed that the introduction of a disulfide bond between P184C and M243C and the substitution of Pro to reduce the flexibility of a loop increased the thermostability of PFL, which provides a theoretical foundation for improving the thermostability and methanol tolerance of lipase family I.1 to resist the harsh conditions of industrial processes.

Improvement of germinated brown rice quality with autoclaving treatment.

Germinated brown rice (GBR) is a popular functional food containing considerable amounts of beneficial nutrients and bioactive compounds. Here, autoclaving at 115°C for 20 min was employed to process GBR (AGBR) to evaluate the effect of autoclaving on the nutritional and health function of GBR in microstructure, taste value, aroma, as well as the physiological ingredients. The results showed that autoclaving treatment influenced the starch gelatinization and aroma to improve the taste of cooked AGBR. Autoclaving treatment significantly increased the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and ferulic acid levels of AGBR (p < .05). In addition, consuming AGBR for 1 month significantly decreased the fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 0.5, 1, and 2 hr postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in metabolic syndrome (MS) patients (p < .05). Therefore, autoclaving treatment, as a promising processing strategy, may both improve the sensory attributes and the nutrition of GBR.

The prognostic value of faciogenital dysplasias as biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Aim: This present study aims to investigate the prognostic value of FGD genes for predicting the overall survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) patients. Materials & methods: Clinical information and FGD gene expressions of 513 HNSC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. Kaplan-Meier survival, Pearson correlation coefficient analyses and enrichment analyses were performed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, as well as FGD gene expressions analysis in normal tissues. Results: The survival analyses showed that high levels of FGD2 and FGD3 mRNA expressions, and the combination of high levels of FGD2 and FGD3 mRNAs were associated with the favorable overall survival in HNSC patients (p < 0.01). Oppositely, no significant correlations (p > 0.05) were observed between gender and race and OS. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the expression levels of FGD2 and FGD3 mRNAs in HNSC are associated with favorable prognosis and may be regarded as potential prognostic biomarkers.