LINC02253 promote the malignant phenotype of Colon adenocarcinoma cells by up-regulating WWP1-mediated SMAD3 ubiquitination.

OBJECTIVES: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) represents a type of common malignant tumor originating in the digestive tract. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to engage in regulating the initiation and development of COAD. LncRNA LINC02253 has been reported abnormal expressed in COAD, but the underlying mechanism has not been discussed so far. This study aimed to determine the role and the molecular biology mechanism of LINC02253 in COAD progression and unearthed its specific molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND RESULTS: RT-qPCR and Western blot assays were conducted to detect gene expression. Function assays were performed to evaluate the effect of gene expression on COAD cell phenotype. Mechanism analyses were done to verify the association among genes after bioinformatics analysis. The obtained data revealed that LINC02253 demonstrated a high expression in COAD tissues and cells. This gene served as an oncogene, permitting to stimulate proliferation and suppress apoptosis of COAD cells. Mechanically, it was found that LINC02253 recruited FUS to stabilize WWP1 mRNA and WWP1 could mediate SMAD3 ubiquitination, thereby promoting the malignant phenotype formation of COAD cells. CONCLUSIONS: LINC02253 was uncovered to exert an oncogenic role, enhancing the proliferation of COAD cells and repressing the cell apoptosis by recruiting FUS and encouraging WWP1-mediated SMAD3 ubiquitination.

[Effect of sustained increasing fibroblast growth factor signal on development of epiphyseal plate cultured in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: The biological effects of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) may be different under different intensities and durations. To investigate the impact of sustained increasing FGF signal upon the development of epiphyseal plate. METHODS: Epiphyseal plates cultured in vitro were obtained from embryonic C57BL/6J mice, and were divided into control group (0.1% DMSO), basic FGF (bFGF) group (100 microg/L bFGF and 0.1% DMSO), and PD98059 group (100 microg/L bFGF and 50 micromol/L PD98059 with 0.1% DMSO). The total length (TL) and ossified tissue length (OSL) of the cultured bones were measured with Calcein staining 6 days after culture. The expressions of Indian hedgehog (Ihh), collagen type II (Col II), and Col X genes were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR 7 days after culture. RESULTS: The embryonic bones cultured in vitro continued growth. At 6 days after culture, there was no significant difference in increased percentage of TL between bFGF group and control group (P > 0.05), the increased percentage of OSL in bFGF group was significantly less than that in control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the increased percentage of TL and OSL between PD98059 group and control group (P > 0.05), but they were significantly higher than those of bFGF group (P < 0.05). At 7 days after culture, the gene expressions of Ihh, Col II, and Col X in bFGF group significantly decreased when compared with those in control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the gene expressions of Col II and Col X between PD98059 group and control group (P > 0.05), but the gene expressions were significantly higher than those of bFGF group (P < 0.05); the expression of Ihh in PD98059 group was significantly higher than that in control group and bFGF group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Sustained increasing FGF signal may affect the Col II and Col X expressions by down-regulating Ihh, which may lead to the development retardation of epiphyseal plate cultured in vitro. The external signal regulated kinase pathway may play an important role in the process.