Levantamento etnobotânico de plantas medicinais em área de Caatinga na comunidade do Sítio Nazaré, município de Milagres, Ceará, Brasil / Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in the Caatinga area in the community of Sitio Nazaré, Milagres, Ceará, Brazil

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento das plantas medicinais nativas no bioma Caatinga na comunidade do Sítio Nazaré, no município de Milagres, Ceará. Foram utilizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 100 informantes entre 25 a 85 anos registrando informações de 62 espécies medicinais sobre o uso, parte utilizada, indicação terapêutica, e formas de preparo dos remédios caseiros, além de coleta do material botânico e produção de exsicatas. As famílias com maior representatividade na pesquisa foram Fabaceae (16 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (7 spp.), Cucurbitaceae e Malvaceae (3 spp.), e as demais com duas ou uma espécie cada. Nas preparações dos remédios caseiros verificou-se que todas as partes da planta são utilizadas, predominando as raízes (33,77%) e as cascas (29,87%). Observaram-se várias formas de preparo, sendo o chá a mais indicada (49,21%), seguida do lambedor (40,69%). Os dados encontrados revelaram que o conhecimento popular sobre as plantas medicinais é de extrema importância para o controle das afecções e contribui para a realização de estudos etnofarmacológicos.

The present study aimed to survey the native medicinal plants in the biome Caatinga in the community of Sítio Nazaré from Milagres, in Ceará, Brazil. Semi-structured interviews with 100 persons, from 25 to 85 years old, were recorded. Sixty-two species were pointed for medical information on use, used plant part, therapeutic indication and methods of preparation of home remedies. We also prepared the collection of botanical material and production of exsiccates. The most representative families reported in this study were: Fabaceae (15 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (7 spp.), Cucurbitaceae and Malvaceae (3 spp.). On the preparation of remedies, we found that all parts of the plants were used, predominantly the roots (33.77%) and the barks (29.87%). The most common way of preparation observed was tea (49.21%), followed by syrup (40.69%). These collected data revealed that popular knowledge on medicinal Caatinga plants were important for disease control in the local population and it has contributed to other ethnopharmacology studies.

[Family planning in Brazil in the context of public health policies: important historical factors]. / O planejamento familiar no Brasil no contexto das políticas públicas de saúde: determinantes históricos.

This study searches historical records for the formulation and implementation of public health policies in Brazil, focusing on those referent to family planning. Initial conclusions show that the policies were geared toward international controlling interests. Family planning today, though officially recognized as an inalienable right of every citizen, still reflects the contradictory political, economic and ideological interests of the ruling power.

[Family planning policies in João Pessoa-PB: analysis of the contradictions between official and practical discourses]. / Política de planejamento familiar em João Pessoa-PB: análise das contradições existentes entre o discurso oficial e a prática.

This research project's main objective is to analyze the contradictions encountered between official and practical discourses referent to family planning in public health policies in João Pessoa, PB, Brasil, using as its reference, PAISM (Program for Assistance in Women's Health). The policy was analyzed according to its official intentions and its practical use through interviews with people linked to PAISM. It was concluded that, this program is being developed under a utilitarian ideal, negating the individual citizen's right to regulate one's own fertility.