RESUMO
El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido diseñar y validar un instrumento que permita conocer la capacidad de percepción y prevención del riesgo durante la práctica docente en las clases de Educación Física. Se trata de un cuestionario de observación sobre acciones dicotómicas, incluyendo tres subescalas: comportamientos preactivos, interactivos y postactivos a la acción didáctica, relacionados con seguridad activa y pasiva en la clase de Educación Física. El cuestionario ha sido examinado por un total de 15 expertos de distintos niveles educativos en una primera fase y por diez más en la segunda. El cuestionario quedó ajustado a los tópicos de validez y fiabilidad científica de Lawshe y prueba de concordancia de Kendall, quedando validado con un total de 41 ítems. (AU)
This research aims to design and validate an instrument that allows to know the capacity of perception and prevention of the risk during the educational practice in the classes of Physical Education. It is a questionnaire of observation on dicotomic actions, including three subscales -preactive, interactive and postactive behaviors to the didactic action, related to active and passive security in Physical Education classes. In a first phase, the questionnaire has been examined by a total of 15 experts of different educational levels and by ten more in the second one. The questionnaire meets Lawshe validity and scientific reliability formula and Kendall concordance test and it was validated finally by 41 items. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Educação Física e Treinamento , Ensino , Segurança , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Because fitness level is a potent biomarker of health from an early age, the improvements of physical fitness performance through the promotion of physical activity could be important for the health of preschool children, particularly in obesity prevention. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine the physical fitness in children aged 3-6 years, discriminating performance by sex, age and body mass index (BMI). METHOD: A total of 3868 children from 3 to 6 years agreed voluntarily to participate. Demographic characteristics revealed that 1961 children were male (age: 55.71 ± 11.11 months old, BMI = 16.03 ± 1.93 kg/m2 ), and 1907 were female (age 56.16 ± 0.97 months old, BMI = 15.85 ± 1.89 kg/m2 ), and they were selected from 51 schools in southern Spain. RESULTS: Significant differences were found between sexes: boys showed a greater performance on cardio respiratory endurance, reaction time, strength and running speed. We found significant differences by sex in the different age groups (3, 4, 5 and 6 years old). CONCLUSIONS: Sex differences in physical fitness are evident at an early age; in addition, the relationship between physical fitness and BMI is inconsistent in preschool children. The improvements of physical fitness performance and its association with physical activity could be important for the health of children, particularly in obesity prevention.
