[The diagnostic significance of the clinical methods for the investigation into the oculomotor reactions to dizziness].

The objective of the present study was to estimate the diagnostic significance of the physical vestibular tests designed to investigate the oculomotor reactions in order to determine the severity of disturbances in the vestibular analyzer during the primary examination of the patients presenting with dizziness symptoms. The results of the study suggest the desirability of using the Frenzel goggles for the detection of the presence of latent spontaneous nystagmus and the performance of additional testing. The study of the vestibular-ocular reflex should begin from the head turn test to be supplemented, in the case of the dubious result, by the dynamic visual acuity test. The smooth pursuit test, the visual saccade test, and the optic nystagmus test need to be performed on a full scale. The subjective visual vertical test should be carried out at the later stages of diagnostics when the detailed investigation of the vestibular function is conducted. The positional manoeuvers are the indispensable components of the examination of the patients presenting with pathological changes in the vestibular analyzer by virtue of their high diagnostic significance for the detection of benign paroxysmal positional dizziness.

[The use of immunocorrection therapy for the combined treatment of the inflammatory diseases of the pharynx].

The objective of the study. To estimate the efficacy of the combined treatment of the patients presenting with chronic tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis with the use of traditional methods supplemented by the immunocorrective preparation imudon. A total of 320 patients with inflammatory pharyngeal diseases were examined and treated. It was shown that the introduction of imudon therapy in the combined treatment of chronic tonsillitis, acute and chronic pharyngitis produces a more pronounce and stable beneficial effects than conventional therapy.

[The use of multimedia technologies in otorhinolaryngology].

The possibilities of using computer-assisted technologies in otorhinolaryngology have been analysed with a view to enhancing the efficacy of the teaching activity and improving the quality of diagnostics and treatment of various ENT diseases. It is emphasized that computers may be used not only to reproduce traditional teaching modalities but also to supplement them with new approaches inaccessible with conventional methods; the introduction of these approaches is of special importance for medical universities and institutes. The use of computer-based technologies in otorhinolaryngological practice made it possible to significantly improve the quality of diagnostics and treatment of the most widespread ENT diseases. For all that, however, the potential of computer technologies in otorhinolaryngology is by no means exhausted.

[The diagnostics and treatment of subclinical forms of labyrinthitis in the patients presenting with inflammation of the middle ear].

The current concepts of diagnostics and treatment of labyrinthitis in the patients presenting with acute and chronic forms of otitis are considered. It is emphasized that early recognition of the pathological process underlying the evolvement of tympanogenic labyrinthitis is of paramount importance for the efficacious treatment of this disease. This inference implies the necessity to improve diagnostics of its subclinical forms and develop a universal strategy for the management of the patients with the pathology being considered.

[Somatosensorial disorders. Alterations in the quality of life in patients presenting with peripheral vestibular dysfunction].

The authors undertook the assessment of the available methods for the analysis of the sensations of patients suffering pathology of the vestibular analyzer. The fact that such conditions as dizziness and disequilibrium have great influence on the social status of a patient and his (her) position in society accounts for the use of functional stabilometry in the clinical practice along with the evaluation of quality of life. It is emphasized that the timely diagnosis of these disorders and elucidation of their primary causes are as important for the successful treatment of this pathology as the choice of an adequate course of medicamental and rehabilitative therapy.

[Peculiarities of emergency care for ENT patients in the admission department of a multifield hospital].

A major prerequisite for efficacious emergency care to an ENT patient being admitted to the reception ward of a multifield hospital is the correct diagnosis of his (her) condition that may be either immediately life-threatening or pass into local or systemic complication of the ENT disease. Adequate assessment of the patient's condition provides a basis for the choice of correct and sufficient diagnostic and therapeutic means necessary to provide urgent care. Examples are given to illustrate the actions of a physician for the management of the most common forms of ENT pathology in emergency situations.

[Principles of early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms in ENT organs].

According to Moscow city Oncological Dispensary, the number of patients with malignant neoplasms of ENT organs has increased during the last 5 years. In 79-84% of the patients the diseases is diagnosed at stage III-V which leads to rather poor results of treatment. Results of analysis of causes for late diagnosis of ENT neoplasms point out to the necessity to raise oncologic alertness among ambulatory physicians. Up-to-date methods of early diagnosis of oncological diseases of ENT organs are discussed.

[Posturographic rapid diagnosis of a vestibular function in vestibulology].

The integral index of equilibrium function (IIEF) was proposed for rapid diagnosis of the equilibrium function. Calculation of IIEF is based on comparison of the results of resting stabilometry in European position of the patient's feet with those of functional tests (optostimulation, sight deprivation, Romberg's position with sight deprivation). Calculations of stability and dynamic component indices were made using the parameter of the deviation rate of the pressure center of a human body standing on the stabilometer platform. IIEF was estimated in 118 healthy subjects aged from 17 to 82 years. Age- and sex-related differences in some age groups were studied.

[A record system in otorhinolaryngology].

Introduction of a record system in practical medicine is discussed. Based on a logic relationship between standards of diagnosis, treatment and health service management, the record system raises efficacy of treatment. Main stages of this system design and principles of preparing a log list of drugs used in otorhinolaryngology are presented. This list must include drugs with definite, documented evidence-based pharmacological properties with high efficacy and safety.