RESUMO
Paracoccidioides spp. are endemic fungi from Latin America that cause Paracoccidioidomycosis, a systemic disease. These fungi present systems for high-affinity metal uptake, storage, and mobilization, which counteract host nutritional immunity and mitigate the toxic effects of metals. Regarding Cu mobilization, the metallochaperone Atx1 is regulated according to Cu bioavailability in Paracoccidioides spp., contributing to metal homeostasis. However, additional information in the literature on PbAtx1 is scarce. Therefore, in the present work, we aimed to study the PbAtx1 protein-protein interaction networks. Heterologous expressed PbAtx1 was used in a pull-down assay with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis cytoplasmic extract. Nineteen proteins that interacted with PbAtx1 were identified by HPLC-MSE. Among them, a relevant finding was a Cytochrome b5 (PbCyb5), regulated by Fe bioavailability in Aspergillus fumigatus and highly secreted by P. brasiliensis in Fe deprivation. We validated the interaction between PbAtx1-PbCyb5 through molecular modeling and far-Western analyses. It is known that there is a relationship between Fe homeostasis and Cu homeostasis in organisms. In this sense, would PbAtx1-PbCyb5 interaction be a new metal-sensor system? Would it be supported by the presence/absence of metals? We intend to answer those questions in future works to contribute to the understanding of the strategies employed by Paracoccidioides spp. to overcome host defenses.
RESUMO
Child violence is considered a serious public health problem, and with this several efforts are made to solve this situation. This study aimed to characterize the sociodemographic aspects related to child violence in the city of Goiânia-GO and to verify the spatial distribution and temporal tendency in relation to the differences in the number of notifications of child violence. This is a descriptive-analytical study, based on the notifications of violence available in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN NET), against children aged 0 to 11 years, 11 months and 29 days, which occurred in the municipality of Goiânia/Goiás, from 2010 to 2021. The results pointed to the higher prevalence of reports of violence by negligence. In relations with the violence studied, children aged 1 to 3 years, the most affected, female, the main place of occurrence is the victim's residence and the peripheral regions of the municipality of Goiânia-GO were more sensitive to child violence. In view of the findings, children are exposed to violence in various ways, and the period of growth and development is threatened by the event of violence.
A violência infantil é considerada um grave problema de saúde pública, e com isso diversos esforços são realizados na tentativa de solucionar esta situação. O presente estudo objetivou caracterizar os aspectos sociodemográficos relacionados a violência infantil no município de Goiânia-GO e verificar a distribuição espacial e tendência temporal em relação às diferenças do número de notificações de violência infantil. Trata-se de um estudo descritivoanalítico, baseado nas notificações de violência disponíveis no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN NET), contra crianças na faixa etária entre 0 e 11 anos, 11 meses e 29 dias, ocorridas no município de Goiânia/Goiás, no período de 2010 a 2021. Os resultados apontaram para a maior prevalência de notificações da violência por negligência. Em relações as violências estudadas, as crianças de a 1 a 3 anos as mais acometidas, do sexo feminino, o principal local de ocorrência é a residência da vítima e as regiões periféricas do município de Goiânia-GO foram mais sensíveis a violência infantil. Diante dos achados as crianças estão expostas a violências de diversas formas, tendo o período de crescimento e desenvolvimento ameaçados pelo evento de violência.
