Bio-guided isolation of a new sesquiterpene from Artemisia cina with anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus L3 infective larvae.

Haemonchus contortus is a blood-feeding gastrointestinal parasite that impacts grazing sheep, causing economic losses in animal production. Due to its anthelmintic resistance, alternative antiparasitic treatments like plant-based anthelmintics are necessary to explore. Artemisia cina (Asteraceae) is a plant whose n-hexane extract and ethyl acetate extract exhibit anthelmintic activity against H. contortus, the n-hexane more active. To discover additional bioactive metabolites, a chemical analysis was performed on ethyl acetate extract, which presented an LC90 of 3.30 mg/mL and allowed the isolation of 11-[(1R,5S,7R,8R,10S,)-1,8-dihydroxy-5,10-dimethyl-4-oxodecahydroazulen-7-yl] acrylic acid. This new sesquiterpene was identified through one and two-dimensional NMR. The compound was named cinic acid and displayed an LC50 of 0.13 (0.11-0.14) mg/mL and LC90 of 0.40 (0.37-0.44) mg/mL, which, compared with ethyl acetate extract larvicidal activity, was 256-fold more active at LC50 and 15.71-fold at LC90. In this study, a new sesquiterpene with larvicidal activity against H. contortus L3 infective larvae was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Artemisia cina.

Understanding Artemisia cina Ethyl Acetate Extract's Anthelmintic Effect on Haemonchus contortus Eggs and L3 Larvae: The Synergism of Peruvin Binary Mixtures.

Haemonchus contortus, a blood-feeding parasite in grazing sheep, causes economic losses. Drug resistance necessitates exploring plant-based anthelmintics like Artemisia cina (Asteraceae). The plant, particularly its ethyl acetate extract, shows anthelmintic activity against H. contortus. However, there is limited information on pharmacodynamic interactions in ethyl acetate compounds. The study aims to identify pharmacodynamic interactions in the ethyl acetate extract of A. cina with anthelmintic effects on H. contortus eggs and L3 larvae using binary mixtures. Bioactive compounds were isolated via chromatography and identified using spectroscopic techniques. Pharmacodynamic interactions were assessed through binary mixtures with a main compound. Four bioactive compounds were identified: 1-nonacosanol, hentriacontane, peruvin, and cinic acid. Binary mixtures, with peruvin as the main compound, were performed. Peruvin/1-nonacosanol-hentriacontane and peruvin/cinic acid mixtures demonstrated 1.42-fold and 4.87-fold increased lethal effects in H. contortus L3 infective larvae, respectively, at a 0.50LC25/0.50LC25 concentration. In this work, we determined the synergism between bioactive compounds isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of A. cina and identified unreported compounds for the specie.

Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) supplementation: Impact on growth, metabolism, and antioxidant status in zebrafish.

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a valuable model for biomedical research because of its mammalian genetic similarities, rapid reproduction, and low maintenance costs. However, further investigation is required regarding their nutritional requirements and standardized laboratory diets. This study evaluated the metabolic and growth responses of zebrafish juveniles fed on diets supplemented with spirulina, Arthrospira platensis (SP) at different levels for 77 days. Six diets with SP inclusion levels of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% (SP0-SP10) were formulated. A total of 300 zebrafish juveniles with an average initial weight of 0.113 ± 0.10 g (mean ± SD) were randomly distributed across six groups, with five replicates per group, each containing 10 animals. After 77 days, the SP6 group demonstrated significantly enhanced growth performance compared with the other supplementation levels. The condition factor was markedly higher in the SP6 and SP8 groups than in the SP0 group. No significant effects on total cholesterol levels were observed, but the SP4, SP6, and SP10 diets decreased triglyceride levels. Lipase activity was higher in the SP6 and SP8 groups than in the control group, whereas amylase activity showed no significant differences between treatments. Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly higher in the SP8 and SP10 groups than in the SP0 and SP2 groups. Glutathione S-transferase activity was higher in the SP6, SP8, and SP10 groups than in the SP0 group. In addition, SP inclusion in zebrafish diets improved female gonadal development. In conclusion, this study indicates that SP supplementation has substantial potential as a growth promoter, positively influencing lipid metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activity without affecting zebrafish survival.

Diet with different concentrations of lychee peel flour modulates oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant activity in zebrafish.

The agri-food industry generates substantial waste, leading to significant environmental impacts. Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonnerat), which is rich in bioactive compounds in its peel, pulp, and seeds, offers an opportunity for waste use. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementing a high-carbohydrate diet with varying levels of lychee peel flour on lipid metabolism biomarkers and oxidative stress in a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. A total of 225 zebrafish, approximately four months old, were divided into five groups: control, high-carbohydrate (HC), HC2%, HC4%, and HC6%. The study did not find significant differences in the growth performance of zebrafish in any group. However, the HC6% group exhibited a significant decrease in glucose and triglyceride levels compared with the HC group. Furthermore, this group showed enhanced activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), along with reduced levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). Increased antioxidant activity was also evidenced by DPPH-, ABTS+, and ß-carotene/Linoleic acid assays in the HC6% group. A positive correlation was identified between SOD/CAT activity and in vitro antioxidant assays. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with 6% lychee peel flour can significantly modulate glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant activity in zebrafish.

Hematological, biochemical and oxidative responses induced by thermal shock in juvenile Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) and its hybrid Tambatinga (Colossoma macropomum x Piaractus brachypomus).

The effects of thermal shock on hematological, biochemical and antioxidant responses were evaluated in liver tissue of juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) and tambatinga (♀ C. macropomum × â™‚ Piaractus brachypomus). Forty juveniles of tambaqui and 40 juveniles of tambatinga, of the same age and with an initial weight of 23.3 ± 6.7 g, were randomly distributed in eight 28L circular tanks. A tank (n = 10 fish) of tambaqui and a tank (n = 10 fish) of tambatinga were then used to obtain basal data. The other animals were subjected to thermal shock with sudden temperature reduction from 28 to 18 ºC. Blood and tissue were then collected after 1, 6 and 24 h from the onset of thermal shock. No mortality was observed during the experimental period. Thermal shock increased triglyceride levels after 24 h of stress for tambaqui and reduced values for tambatinga. There was an effect on plasma glucose only for fish group (P < 0.0001) and collection time (P < 0.0001) with a peak observed for the hybrid after 6 h. The interaction of factors for SOD indicated greater activity for tambatinga at the 6 h collection and lower at basal and 1 h collections. There was an interaction for CAT (P = 0.0020) with less activity for tambatinga at 1 h. However, thermal shock and hybridization did not influence GST and TBARS levels in liver tissue. Therefore, the results suggest that the hybrid, tambatinga, is more efficient at promoting adjustments of biochemical responses and antioxidant enzymes during thermal shock.

Sensitivity of different organs and tissues as biomarkers of oxidative stress in juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) submitted to fasting.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of fasting on responses of oxidative biomarkers and antioxidant defenses using different organs and tissues of Colossoma macropomum. The fish were divided into two groups: fed (control) and fasting (7 days). After 7 days, the fish were sampled for assessment of oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA-lipid peroxidation and PCO-protein carbonyl) and antioxidant defenses (SOD-superoxide dismutase; CAT-catalase; GPX-glutathione peroxidase; and GST-glutathione-S -transferase) in the liver, intestine, gills, muscle, brain, and plasma. The results showed an increase in MDA, PCO, SOD, and GPX concentrations in the liver and intestine of fasting fish. In contrast, in the branchial tissue, there was a reduction in the activity of SOD and CAT enzymes in fasting fish. There was also a reduction in CAT activity in the muscle of fasting fish, while in the brain, there were no changes in oxidative stress biomarkers. Plasma showed a relatively low antioxidant response. In conclusion, our results confirm that a 7-day fasting period induced tissue-specific antioxidant responses, but the increase in antioxidant responses was only for the SOD and GPX enzymes of the liver and intestine. Additionally, the liver and intestine were the most responsive tissues, whereas the plasma was the least sensitive to oxidative stress.

Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Potential of Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil in Zebrafish.

This study explored the protective capacity of the essential oil (EO) of Cymbopogon citratus against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the inflammatory potential in zebrafish. Using five concentrations of EO (0.39, 0.78, 1.56, 3.12, and 6.25 µg/mL) in the presence of 7.5 mM H2O2, we analyzed the effects on neutrophil migration, caudal fin regeneration, cellular apoptosis, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) after 96 h of exposure. A significant decrease in neutrophil migration was observed in all EO treatments compared to the control. Higher concentrations of EO (3.12 and 6.25 µg/mL) resulted in a significant decrease in caudal fin regeneration compared to the control. SOD activity was reduced at all EO concentrations, CAT activity significantly decreased at 3.12 µg/mL, and GST activity increased at 0.78 µg/mL and 1.56 µg/mL, compared to the control group. No significant changes in ROS production were detected. A reduction in cellular apoptosis was evident at all EO concentrations, suggesting that C. citratus EO exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, influences regenerative processes, and protects against oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Exploring the Therapeutic Significance of microRNAs and lncRNAs in Kidney Diseases.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two crucial classes of transcripts that belong to the major group of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). These RNA molecules have significant influence over diverse molecular processes due to their crucial role as regulators of gene expression. However, the dysregulated expression of these ncRNAs constitutes a fundamental factor in the etiology and progression of a wide variety of multifaceted human diseases, including kidney diseases. In this context, over the past years, compelling evidence has shown that miRNAs and lncRNAs could be prospective targets for the development of next-generation drugs against kidney diseases as they participate in a number of disease-associated processes, such as podocyte and nephron death, renal fibrosis, inflammation, transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease, renal vascular changes, sepsis, pyroptosis, and apoptosis. Hence, in this current review, we critically analyze the recent findings concerning the therapeutic inferences of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the pathophysiological context of kidney diseases. Additionally, with the aim of driving advances in the formulation of ncRNA-based drugs tailored for the management of kidney diseases, we discuss some of the key challenges and future prospects that should be addressed in forthcoming investigations.

Enterobacter sp. DBA51 produces ACC deaminase and promotes the growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants under greenhouse condition.

Bacterial isolated from rhizospheric soil associated with the semi-desertic plant Coronilla juncea L. were screened for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD) activity, a common trait for plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Among bacterial isolates, strain DBA51 showed phosphate solubilizing index (PSI), producing indole acetic acid (IAA), and with the hemolysis-negative test. Sequencing and analysis of the 16S rDNA gene identified DBA51 as Enterobacter. DBA51 did not show antagonistic activity in vitro against bacterial (Clavibacter michiganensis, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and Pectobacterium cacticidum FHLGJ22) and fungal phytopathogens (Alternaria sp., Fusarium oxysporum fsp. lycopersici, Fusarium oxysporum fsp. cubense M5, and Rhizoctonia sp.). Root inoculations with DBA51 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants were performed under greenhouse conditions. Plant height (20 %) and root biomass (40 %) were significantly enhanced in tomato plants inoculated with DBA51 compared to non-inoculated plants, although for tobacco plants, only root biomass (27 %) showed significant differences with DBA51. In addition, physiological parameters such as photosynthetic rate (µmol CO2 m-2 s-1), stomatal conductance (mol H2O m-2 s-1), and transpiration rate (mmol H2O m-2 s-1) were also evaluated, and no differences were detected between DBA51-inoculated and control treatment in tomato and tobacco leaves. The observed results indicate that the DBA51 strain could be used as a biofertilizer to improve yields of horticultural crops.

Usefulness of Ultrasonography and Radiography in the Evaluation of Distal Forearm Fractures in Children: A Narrative Review / Utilidad de la ecografía y la radiografía en la evaluación de las fracturas distales del antebrazo en niños: una revisión narrativa

Pediatric fractures, especially distal forearm fractures, represent a significant global medical concern, affecting up to 50% of pediatric fracture cases. This narrative review aims to compare diagnostic modalities to determine which offers higher accuracy, minimizes radiation exposure, and is adaptable to diverse clinical settings. In the choice between ultrasound and X-ray for diagnosing distal forearm fractures in children, each modality has its merits. X-ray provides accuracy and value in wellequipped facilities, while ultrasound, being radiation-free, is effective in resourcelimited areas and is essential for pediatric patients to avoid radiation exposure. Professional training and continual updates are crucial. Moreover, it underscores that alongside diagnostic imaging, comprehensive clinical assessment remains pivotal for making informed medical decisions. The choice of method should consider individual case factors and prioritize patient safety. (AU)

Las fracturas pediátricas, especialmente las fracturas distales del antebrazo, representan una importante preocupación médica mundial y afectan hasta el 50% de los casos de fracturas pediátricas. Esta revisión narrativa tiene como objetivo comparar modalidades de diagnóstico para determinar cuál ofrece mayor precisión, minimiza la exposición a la radiación y es adaptable a diversos entornos clínicos. A la hora de elegir entre ecografía y rayos X para diagnosticar fracturas distales del antebrazo en niños, cada modalidad tiene sus ventajas. Los rayos X proporcionan precisión y valor en instalaciones bien equipadas, mientras que el ultrasonido, al no tener radiación, es eficaz en áreas con recursos limitados y es esencial para que los pacientes pediátricos eviten la exposición a la radiación. La formación profesional y la actualización continua son cruciales. Además, subraya que, junto con el diagnóstico por imágenes, la evaluación clínica integral sigue siendo fundamental para tomar decisiones médicas informadas. La elección del método debe considerar factores de cada caso individual y priorizar la seguridad del paciente. (AU)

Using the Expanded Andersen Model to Determine Factors Associated with Mexican Adolescents' Utilization of Dental Services.

Many factors contribute as facilitators of or barriers to adolescents' use of dental services. Guided by the expanded Andersen model for dental service utilization, the aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the use of dental services among adolescents ages 12-16 in south Mexico City (n = 247). Adolescents answered a questionnaire on predisposing factors (age and gender), enabling factors (socioeconomic status, oral health support, parental years of education, and previous dental treatments), and psychosocial and behavioral factors (attitudes towards oral health; knowledge of gingivitis; alcohol, drug, and tobacco use; and depressive symptoms), and they underwent a visual clinical exam to determine their need factors (caries and gingivitis). The adolescents reported whether or not they had attended a dental visit in the last year for any reason. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate these factors. Having oral health support increased the odds of a dental visit by 2.69 (95% CI = 1.24-5.84). Previous dental treatment increased the odds of a dental visit by 2.25 (95% CI = 1.12-4.52). The presence of depressive symptoms reduced the odds of a dental visit by 4% (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.94-0.99). Enabling and psychosocial factors of oral health support and previous dental treatment were positively associated with the utilization of dental services, while depressive symptoms were negatively associated.

Nanocellulose from Cocoa Shell in Pickering Emulsions of Cocoa Butter in Water: Effect of Isolation and Concentration on Its Stability and Rheological Properties.

There is a growing interest in developing new strategies to completely or partially replace cocoa butter in food and cosmetic products due to its cost and health effects. One of these alternatives is to develop stable emulsions of cocoa butter in water. However, incorporating cocoa butter is challenging as it solidifies and forms crystals, destabilizing the emulsion through arrested coalescence. Prevention against this destabilization mechanism is significantly lower than against coalescence. In this research, the rheological properties of nanocellulose from cocoa shell, a by-product of the chocolate industry, were controlled through isolation treatments to produce nanocellulose with a higher degree of polymerization (DP) and a stronger three-dimensional network. This nanocellulose was used at concentrations of 0.7 and 1.0 wt %, to develop cocoa butter in-water Pickering emulsion using a high shear mixing technique. The emulsions remained stable for more than 15 days. Nanocellulose was characterized using attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), hot water and organic extractives, atomic force microscopy (AFM), degree of polymerization (DP), and rheological analysis. Subsequently, the emulsions were characterized on days 1 and 15 after their preparation through photographs to assess their physical stability. Fluorescent and electronic microscopy, as well as rheological analysis, were used to understand the physical properties of emulsions.

Frailty syndrome and end-stage kidney disease outcomes at a Latin American dialysis center

Introduction. Frailty syndrome generates a high risk of adverse outcomes and mortality, and its prevalence is elevated in patients with end-stage kidney disease. Few studies have reported the prevalence and outcomes of frailty in populations from less developed countries. Objective. To identify the clinical outcomes and factors associated with the frailty syndrome in patients with stage five chronic kidney disease who started renal replacement therapy - both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis- in a dialysis center in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Materials and methods. This was a prospective study of patients with end-stage kidney disease who initiated dialysis at a center in Colombia and had a twelve-month follow-up. Results. The overall frailty prevalence was 50.47% and two out of three patients older than 65 years had the syndrome. We found significantly higher followup mortality among patients with frailty: odds ratio of 2.95 (CI: 1.07- 8.13; p=0.036) in unadjusted analysis. Conclusions. Literature shows that compared to developed nations, Latin American adults are facing a higher prevalence of chronic diseases, and frailty syndrome is increasing. In this study, according to the FRAIL scale, having a frailty syndrome predicts a higher mortality; hypoalbuminemia and low creatinine levels at the beginning of dialysis could act as predictors of its diagnosis.

Introducción. El síndrome de fragilidad implica un alto riesgo de desenlaces adversos y mortalidad, y tiene una prevalencia elevada en pacientes con enfermedad renal en etapa terminal. Hay pocos estudios que investiguen la prevalencia y los desenlaces de este síndrome de fragilidad en las poblaciones de los países en desarrollo. Objetivo. Identificar los desenlaces clínicos y los factores asociados al síndrome de fragilidad en los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en estadio cinco que inician terapia de reemplazo renal -con hemodiálisis o diálisis peritoneal- en un centro de diálisis de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se trató de un estudio prospectivo de pacientes con enfermedad renal en etapa terminal que iniciaron diálisis en un centro de Colombia y a quienes se les hizo seguimiento durante doce meses. Resultados. La prevalencia global del síndrome de fragilidad fue del 50,47 % y dos de cada tres pacientes mayores de 65 años lo presentaban. Se encontró una mortalidad significativamente mayor entre los pacientes con síndrome de fragilidad: razón de probabilidad de 2,95 (IC:1,07-8,13; p=0,036) en el análisis no ajustado. Conclusiones. La literatura muestra que, en comparación con los países desarrollados, los adultos latinoamericanos presentan una mayor prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas y un aumento progresivo del síndrome de fragilidad. En este estudio, la fragilidad -según la escala FRAIL- predijo una mayor mortalidad. Además, la hipoalbuminemia y los niveles bajos de creatinina al inicio de la diálisis podrían actuar como elementos predictores de su diagnóstico.

Exoprotease exploitation and social cheating in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa environmental lysogenic strain with a noncanonical quorum sensing system.

Social cheating is the exploitation of public goods that are costly metabolites, like exoproteases. Exoprotease exploitation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been studied in reference strains. Experimental evolution with reference strains during continuous growth in casein has demonstrated that nonexoprotease producers that are lasR mutants are selected while they behave as social cheaters. However, noncanonical quorum-sensing systems exist in P. aeruginosa strains, which are diverse. In this work, the exploitation of exoproteases in the environmental strain ID4365 was evaluated; ID4365 has a nonsense mutation that precludes expression of LasR. ID4365 produces exoproteases under the control of RhlR, and harbors an inducible prophage. As expected, rhlR mutants of ID4365 behave as social cheaters, and exoprotease-deficient individuals accumulate upon continuous growth in casein. Moreover, in all continuous cultures, population collapses occur. However, this also sometimes happens before cheaters dominate. Interestingly, during growth in casein, ID4565's native prophage is induced, suggesting that the metabolic costs imposed by social cheating may increase its induction, promoting population collapses. Accordingly, lysogenization of the PAO1 lasR mutant with this prophage accelerated its collapse. These findings highlight the influence of temperate phages in social cheating.

Young Man With Coarctation of the Aorta.

This case report discusses a diagnosis of double-orifice mitral valve in a young man with coarctation of the aorta.

Ethanol Preference Leads to Alterations in Telomere Length, Mitochondria Copy Number, and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Zebrafish Brains.

BACKGROUND: The motivations for and effects of ethanol consumption vary considerably among individuals, and as such, a significant proportion of the population is prone to substance abuse and its negative consequences in the physical, social, and psychological spheres. In a biological context, the characterization of these phenotypes provides clues for understanding the neurological complexity associated with ethanol abuse behavior. Therefore, the objective of this research was to characterize four ethanol preference phenotypes described in zebrafish: Light, Heavy, Inflexible, and Negative Reinforcement. METHODS: To do this, we evaluated the telomere length, mtDNA copy number using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and the activity of these antioxidant enzymes: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the brain, and the interactions between these biomarkers. Changes observed in these parameters were associated with ethanol consumption and alcohol abuse. RESULTS: The Heavy, Inflexible, and Negative Reinforcement phenotypes showed ethanol preference. This was particularly the case with the Inflexible phenotype, which was the group with the greatest ethanol preference. These three phenotypes showed telomere shortening as well as high SOD/CAT and/or GPx activities, while the Heavy phenotype also showed an increase in the mtDNA copy number. However, the Light phenotype, containing individuals without ethanol preference, did not demonstrate any changes in the analyzed parameters even after being exposed to the drug. Additionally, the PCA analysis showed a tendency to cluster the Light and Control groups differently from the other ethanol preference phenotypes. There was also a negative correlation between the results of the relative telomere length and SOD and CAT activity, providing further evidence of the biological relationship between these parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed differential molecular and biochemistry patterns in individuals with ethanol preference, suggesting that the molecular and biochemical basis of alcohol abuse behavior extends beyond its harmful physiological effects, but rather is correlated with preference phenotypes.

Autoimmune hepatitis and systemic sclerosis A rare overlap

Autoimmune hepatitis concomitant with other immune-mediated diseases is an increasingly recognized condition which is difficult to diagnose. We present the case of a 42-year-old woman with no significant medical history who consulted due to progressive growth of an abdominal mass in the right hypochondriac region and associated constitutional syndrome. The physical exam showed hepatomegaly, calcinosis and salt-and-pepper depigmentation of the skin, and Raynaud's phenomenon in the hands. Paraclinical tests reported elevated transaminases and IgM immunoglobulin, as well as positive antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) and smooth muscle antibodies (SMAs), along with imaging signs of portal hypertension. A liver biopsy was compatible with autoimmune hepatitis, and treatment was begun with corticosteroids, with an adequate response. Systemic sclerosis is one of the autoimmune diseases which can present in a patient with autoimmune hepatitis. Suspecting, diagnosing and following up these diseases in this type of patients is key in their comprehensive management. (Acta Med Colomb 2022; 48. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2023.2609).

Acute ethanol exposure leads to long-term effects on memory, behavior, and transcriptional regulation in the zebrafish brain.

Alcohol consumption is associated with alterations in memory and learning processes in humans and animals. In this context, research models such as the zebrafish (Danio rerio) arise as key organisms in behavioral and molecular studies that attempt to clarify alterations in the Central Nervous System (CNS), like those related to alcohol use. Accordingly, we used the zebrafish as a model to evaluate the effects of ethanol on the learning and memory process, as well as its relationship with behavior and transcriptional regulation of lrfn2, lrrk2, grin1a, and bdnf genes in the brain. To this end, for the memory and learning evaluation, we conducted the Novel Object Recognition test (NOR); for behavior, the Novel Tank test; and for gene transcription, qPCR, after 2 h, 24 h, and 8 days of ethanol exposure. As a result, we noticed in the NOR that after 8 days of ethanol exposure, the control group spent more time exploring the novel object than when compared to 2 h post-exposure, indicating that naturally zebrafish remember familiar objects. In animals in the Treatment group, however, no object recognition behavior was observed, suggesting that alcohol affected the learning and memory processes of the animals and stimulated an anxiolytic effect in them. Regarding transcriptional regulation, 24 h after alcohol exposure, we found hyper-regulation of bdnf and, after 8 days, a hypo-regulation of lrfn2 and lrrk2. To conclude, we demonstrated that ethanol exposure may have influenced learning ability and memory formation in zebrafish, as well as behavior and regulation of gene transcription. These data are relevant for further understanding the application of zebrafish in research associated with ethanol consumption and behavior.