[Cranial bone neoplasm in early triassic amphibia]. / Novoobrazovanie pokrovnykh kostei chereepa rannetriasovoi amfibii.

A neoplasm in cranial bone of an early Triassic amphibian has been investigated. Although no tissue has survived, the cranial flat bone is similar to that in living animals of the same class. Evidence is presented in support of a hypothesis that the neoplasm is a skeletal tumor which consists of non-functional bone and looks like an atypical tumorous bone of skeletal origin. It was identified as a parostotic osteosarcoma on the basis of macro- and microscopic and X-ray examination.

[Computerized tomography in the diagnosis of soft tissue neoplasms of the extremities and trunk]. / Komp'iuternaia tomografiia v diagnostike miagkotkannykh opukholei konechnostei i tulovishcha.

Analysis of CT data on 213 patients with soft tissue and trunk tumors has shown that a majority of malignant and benign tumors have a similar picture (except lipoma). Features of the contours of a tumor and its inner structure do not permit the assessment of its nature. The only significant differential-diagnostic sign of malignant soft tissue tumors is destruction of an adjacent bone, noted in 17.6%. The majority of malignant and benign soft tissue tumors (70.9%) on CT scans look like a single node; recurrent tumors look multinodular (78.2%). Verification of soft tissue tumors, revealed by CT, should be done using morphological methods.

[Computed tomography in assessing the local spread of soft-tissue tumors]. / Komp'iuternaia tomografiia v otsenke mestnogo rasprostraneniia opukholei miagkikh tkanei.

Computed tomographic (CT) data for 213 cases of various soft tissue tumors of the trunk and extremities were analysed to assess the role of the method in evaluating local extension of tumor. CT allowed to reliably identify the degree of tumor interaction with adjacent major vessels. Its data was fully confirmed by surgery in 88.5% of cases. Moreover, CT gave an opportunity to diagnose occult metastases in adjacent anatomic areas and to assess relationship between tumor and adjacent bones, partly by diagnosing X-ray-negative lesions in the latter. To summarize, CT is instrumental in taking decision to operate and planning the extent of surgery.

[The diagnosis and treatment of primary malignant tumors of the sternum]. / Diagnostika i lechenie pervichnykh zlokachestvennykh opukholei grudiny.

Results of examination and treatment of 24 patients with primary neoplasms of the sternum including chondrosarcoma (18 cases), solitary plasmacytoma (5) and osteogenic sarcoma (1) were analysed. The diagnosis was based mainly on X-ray procedures and was further improved by computed tomography which allowed to precisely evaluate the extent of intrathoracic mass and its relation to adjacent mediastinal structures. Surgery was the main procedure used for the treatment of primary tumors of the sternum. Sixteen patients were operated on, and not a single case showed involvement of the mediastinum. Closure of defect was the major difficulty involved in the surgical treatment. Adequate resection of the sternum followed by autoplasty yielded good results.

[Intraosseous highly differentiated osteogenic sarcoma]. / Vnutrikostnaia vysokodifferentsirovannaia osteogennaia sarkoma.

A man of 20 developed well-differentiated intraosseous osteogenic sarcoma of the femur. Clinico-roentgenologic, computed tomography and histological findings revealed a number of features uncommon for the tumor: (1) a torpid course, (2) histological appearance typical for parosteal sarcoma, (3) low malignant potential.

[Criteria for evaluating the efficacy of treatment of breast cancer metastases to the bones]. / Kriterii otsenki éffektivnosti lecheniia pri metastazakh raka molochnoi zhelezy v kosti.

Roentgenography of the cranium, ribs, vertebral column, pelvis and scintigraphy of the skeleton were performed every 3-4 mos in 39 patients with breast cancer metastases to the bones. Criteria of therapeutic efficacy were the following: a complete therapeutic effect, a partial therapeutic effect, stabilization and progression. In osteolytic metastases a complete therapeutic effect was obtained in 72% of the cases. Sixteen patients have been in remission during 16-36 mos.