[Correlation between indices of 24-h monitoring of blood pressure and disturbed venous cerebral outflow in hypertensive patients].

AIM: To study relations between disturbances of cerebral venous circulation and parameters of 24-h blood pressure monitoring in hypertensive patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 72 patients aged 28 to 60 years with essential hypertension of stage II have undergone 24-h blood pressure monitoring and MR-venography of the brachiocephalic veins on a low-field MR-tomograph using 2D TOF angiography. RESULTS: Symptoms of disturbed cerebral venous circulation were found in 60% patients. Major venous collectors were asymmetric in 79.2% patients, 40.3% had marked asymmetry, 14% had severe asymmetry. Disturbances of venous outflow significantly more frequently occurred in non-dippers and night-peakers as well as in high variability of blood pressure. Patients with marked asymmetry of venous collectors had elevated nocturnal systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high load indices of nocturnal systolic and diastolic pressure, a low degree of nocturnal fall of blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Disturbance of venous cerebral outflow in hypertensive patients is closely related with alterations of a circadian profile of blood pressure: circadian index of blood pressure, variability of blood pressure.

[Diagnosis of structural changes] of the brain in patients with coronary and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis]. / Daignostika strukturnykh izmenenii golovnogo mozga u bol'nykh koronarnym i bessimptomnym karotidnym aterosklerozom.

AIM: To compare echomorphostructure of atherosclerotic plaques and vascular stenosis degree with structural changes of the brain according to MR image in patients with combined atherosclerotic affection of coronary and carotid arteries in an asymptomatic course of carotid atherosclerosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: MR imaging was made in 53 men aged 44 to 78 years with stenosing atherosclerotic affection of the internal carotid arteries. Vascular obstruction reached 30-80%. Neurological examination detected no signs of focal brain lesions. Hypertension, myocardial infarction, permanent atrial fibrillation were diagnosed in 19 (36%), 20 (38%) and 12 (23%) patients, respectively. RESULTS: Ultrasound investigation has established that carotid arteries contain more frequently spongy and heterogenic plaques than dense and calcinated. MRI registered structural alterations of cerebral tissue of various degree in 96% cases. CONCLUSION: Significant correlations were established between ischemic affection of the brain with myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, cardiac fibrillation, type of atherosclerotic plaque.

[Magnetic resonance tomography in kidney tumors concomitant with symptomatic hypertension]. / Magnitno-rezonansnaia tomografiia pri opukholiakh pochek, soprovozhdaiushchikhsia simptomaticheskoi gipertenziei.

The potentialities of NMR-tomography in renal cancer patients with symptomatic hypertension were assessed. Altogether 15 patients (9 men and 6 women) aged 24 to 74 were investigated; previously examined 25 persons were entered into the control group. A NMR-tomograph with the magnitude of the magnetic field of 0.235 T using the "spin-echo" method. The results of the investigation were compared with those of the control group and with the results of x-ray computerized tomography, abdominal aortography, dynamic scintigraphy of the kidneys, and ultrasound investigation. NMR-tomography was shown to possess high resolution permitting visualization of a kidney tumor irrespective of its site and its size exceeding 2-3 cm. It also permits obtaining additional data on the state of the kidney parenchyma, cortical and medullary substance, determining the level of ureteral obstruction, and detecting the presence of vertebral metastases.

[Diagnostic potentials of NMR tomography of the kidneys of patients with symptomatic renal hypertension]. / Diagnosticheskie vozmozhnosti IaMR-tomografii pochek u bol'nykh simptomaticheskoi pochechnoi gipertoniei.

Thirty seven patients with arterial hypertension of renal genesis (chronic diffuse glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, renal cystic disease and congenital abnormalities) were subjected to NMR-tomography. The comparison group comprised 12 patients with essential hypertension and 18 normal individuals constituted the control group. The examination was effected in the axial, frontal and sagittal planes using the BMT-1100 NMR-tomograph (Brucker, FRG) with the magnetic intensity of 0.235 T, the coil diameter of 60 cm, and the working frequency of 9.95 MHz. The technique made it possible to draw conclusions as to the presence or absence of the kidneys, their form, size, location and the structure of their cortex and medulla. The anatomo-tomographic picture of the kidneys in patients with chronic diffuse glomerulonephritis without renal insufficiency resembled that in cases of essential hypertension. In patients with chronic pyelonephritis the kidney contour was uneven and when renal insufficiency was present the kidneys were small and the borderline the cortex and the medulla was poorly differentiated. The technique proved especially informative in renal cystic disease and congenital abnormalities (renal aplasia and hypoplasia). The results obtained were compared with the data provided by other examination techniques.

[Possibilities of NMR tomography in studying the normal anatomicotopographic function of the kidneys]. / Vozmozhnosti IaMR-tomografii v izuchenii normal'nogo anatomotopograficheskogo sostoianiia pochek.

Renal function was examined in 23 healthy persons using the VMT-1100 NMR-tomograph (Brucker, FRG). Two methods for obtaining an image were employed: the reconstruction of inversion and a spin-echo technique with a different echo time lag (28 and 56 Ms) and an interval pulse continuity of 1000 and 1500 Ms with a section thickness of 1.25 or 0.75 cm. Practically all formations of the abdominal cavity were clearly defined on the transverse sections. The kidneys were represented as the paired formations distinctly restricted from the surrounding tissue. The capsule, cortex, medulla, renal vascular pedicle and calyce were visualized.

[NMR tomographic method of studying central nervous system function in arterial hypertension patients]. / Issledovanie metodom IaMR-tomografii sostoianiia tsentral'noi nervnoi sistemy u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertoniei.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tomography of the brain was performed in 41 patients (17 males and 24 females) and 15 normal persons. Imaging of the brain structure, skeleton, soft tissues of the skull in various projections is possible on the brain tomograms. In all cases the method made it possible to distinguish the gray and white matter of the brain, to exclude the presence of voluminous formations and when the sequelae of cerebrovascular disturbances and cysts of 0.5--1.5 cm were present it allowed one to determine the location and character of a pathological process. The method provided additional information on the central nervous system state in the patients and on its genesis promoting further choice of tactics and methods of treatment. High resolution capacity, imaging precision, safety for patients, comparability of the results of NMR with the data of x-ray computerized tomography and other investigation methods suggest wide prospects for NMR tomography.