[Forensic psychiatric expertise in brain tumors]. / Sudebno-psikhiatricheskaia ékspertiza pri opukholiakh golovnogo mozga.

The patients with brain tumors are quite rare in forensic-psychiatric practice. The authors observed only 21 cases during 25 years (that is 0.05% from all the persons subjected to the forensic-psychiatric examination). The tumors were revealed in 11 patients during examination; 10 patients underwent forensic-psychiatric examination after operation for brain tumor. There were different mental disturbances of various degree in such patients: disorders of memory, emotional instability, impulsivity, disorders of consciousness, phenomena typical for epileptiform syndrome, and other disorders. 16 patients were characterised as irresponsible ones. The supervision of neurologist and psychiatrist was recommended in all cases.

[The topographic EEG mapping of patients with an organic brain lesion]. / Topograficheskoe kartirovanie EEG u bol'nykh s organicheskim porazheniem golovnogo mozga.

Brain mapping was carried out in 50 patients with organic brain lesions (tumors, disturbances of vascular circulation, multiple sclerosis, consequences of brain trauma ets.) The parallelism between the severity of the organic brain lesion and the degree of bioelectrical activity disturbances has been discovered. In patients with brain tumors, consequences of the stroke, severe trauma and multiple sclerosis the focuses of pathological activity corresponded to location of the brain lesion.

[The dynamics of the cerebral circulation during the treatment of schizophrenics with a depressive syndrome by means of the intravenous laser irradiation of the blood]. / Dinamika mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniia pri lechenii bol'nykh shizofreniei s depressivnym sindromom metodom vnutrivennogo lazernogo oblucheniia krovi.

Ultrasound Doppler sonography of common carotid, internal carotid and vertebral arteries as well as head telethermography were carried out in schizophrenics with apathetic depression resistant to antidepressant therapy. These methods applied before and after intravenous laser treatment gave evidence for high efficacy of the laser treatment which improved blood flow and psychic condition of the patients.

[A comparison of the results of topographic EEG mapping with the data from a neurological examination and computed tomography of the brain]. / Spostavlenie rezul'tatov topograficheskogo kartirovaniia EEG s dannymi nevrologicheskogo obsledovaniia i komp'iuternoi tomografii golovnogo mozga.

The data of topographic EEG brain mapping were compared to neurological evidence and CT data in 6 patients with organic lesions (sequelae of vertebrobasilar ischemic stroke, brain atrophy, brain tumor). Cortical activity typical for these nosological entities appeared on the EEG maps. In 5 out of 6 patients foci of alpha- and delta-activity indicated the location of the lesion. The authors suggest that EEG brain mapping of the large number of patients with neural and mental diseases will provide insight into pathogenetic mechanisms of these diseases. The authors also think it necessary for patients undergoing EEG brain mapping to be examined neurologically.

[The diagnosis and forensic psychiatric expertise in infectious cerebral arachnoiditis]. / Diagnostika i sudebno-psikhiatricheskaia ékspertiza pri infektsionnom tserebral'nom arakhnoidite.

Neurologic and psychiatric examination of 32 patients with infectious cerebral arachnoiditis was performed. Psychopathic-like syndrome and intellectual deficiency were diagnosed in those patients and the correlation between high intracranial pressure and severity of mental disorders was established. Characteristics of forensic psychiatric examination of this group of patients are presented.

[Characteristics of narcotic and toxic substance abuse by adolescents (clinico-sociological study)]. / Kharakteristika podrostkov, zloupotrebliaiushchikh narkoticheskimi i toksikomanicheskimi sredstvami (kliniko-sotsiologicheskoe issledovanie).

The results of clinico-sociological investigation of 400 adolescents registered in Moscow narcological dispensary wards for abusing toxic and narcotic drugs are presented. The peculiarities of neurological signs were noted for different terms of abusing. Age-related sexual life of the patients was analyzed with the peculiarities of their microsocial environment.

[The hypertensive-hydrocephalic syndrome in the clinical picture of schizophrenia]. / Gipertenzionno-gidrotsefal'nyi sindrom v klinike shizofrenii.

Combined clinical neurological study was performed in 111 schizophrenic patients with acute, subacute psychotic signs and at the end of psychosis. Techniques included echoencephalography, eye fundus study, spinal puncture. None of the patients had a history of craniocerebral trauma, neuroinfections, chronic alcoholism, severe somatic diseases. In 53.1% of the patients intracranial hypertension syndrome was detected with the highest rate in patients with acute psychotic signs. Besides, the hypertension syndrome was found to be related to the type of schizophrenia course: it was twice as frequent in attack forms as in permanent ones. The authors suggest that intracranial hypertension has a distinct role to play in the pathogenesis of acute schizophrenic attacks.

[Characteristics of the development of drug addiction and toxicomania in adolescents]. / Osobennosti formirovaniia narkomanii i toksikomanii u podrostkov.

The study involved 152 adolescents which had abused narcotic and toxic substances once, occasionally or regularly. Males aged 15 to 16 years displayed highest occurrence rate of the abuse. Drug addiction and toxicomania were established in 6% of subjects. Volatile stuff and tranquilizers were most frequent in use. Microsocial adversities were experienced by all the subjects. Besides, an "altered background" is characteristic of drug addicts and toxicomania patients. The fact of narcotic and toxic substances usage as euphorigenic agents deserves due attention of narcologists, pedagogues, sociologists. Biologically conditioned risk factors conducive to drug addiction and toxicomania should be investigated.

[Diagnosis and forensic psychiatric expertise in traumatic cerebral arachnoiditis]. / Diagnostika i sudebno-psikhiatricheskaia ékspertiza pri travmaticheskom tserebral'nom arakhnoidite.

Patients (123) with traumatic cerebral arachnoiditis due to closed craniocerebral trauma, were investigated during complications or late sequelae of the trauma. All the patients were subjected to spinal puncture. Asthenic, psychosis-like and hallucinatory-paranoid disorders were detected as well as partial oligophrenia and dullness of consciousness. The degree of mental disorders run parallel with intracranial pressure elevation, suggesting the role of intracranial hypertension in pathogenesis of several psychic disorders.

[Ephedrine addiction]. / Efedronovaia narkomaniia.

Neurologic and psychopathologic disturbances were studied in patients with DL-ephedrine addiction. The patients were also subjected to echoencephalography. The authors identified the period of acute narcotic intoxication, the abstinence syndrome and the period of chronic intoxication. The recommendations on the treatment of the above patients are presented.

[Neurological aspects of opium addiction]. / Nevrologicheskie aspekty opiinoi narkomanii.

An in-depth neurological study covered 110 patients with opium addiction without any known history of head traumas, neuroinfections, other diseases of the central nervous system, and alcoholism. Neurological changes were observed in all cases. They developed in the first months of the use of narcotic agents, were more pronounced when home-made narcotic preparations and mixtures were employed, and were of a stable nature. The duration of the disease was correlated with the severity of neurological disorders. The main neurological syndromes characteristic of the period of chronic intoxication and the abstinence syndrome were identified.

[Neurologic changes in schizophrenic patients]. / Nevrologicheskie izmeneniia u bol'nykh shizofreniei.

A total of 104 schizophrenics have been examined using echoencephalography. Some patients presented manifestations of hydrocephalia and intracranial hypertension. The latter was predominantly observed in patients with acute psychotic states.

[Treatment of reactive stuporous states with L-DOPA]. / Lechenie reaktivnykh stuporoznykh sostoianii preparatom L-DOFA.

The paper presents the results of L-dopa use for the treatment of patients with reactive stuporous states. The assumption concerning curability of these patients is based on the similarity of a number of their clinical and biochemical manifestations with an akynetic-rigid form of parkinsonism where L-dopa is very effective. From 25 patients with reactive psychoses 7 demonstrated recovery, 3 patients--significant improvement, 5 patients--improvement and 10 patients--absence of the effect. The drug is the most effective in the stuporous depth of psychomotor inhibition in persons with a monomorphic structure of stuporous syndromes, rather "frequent" depressive disorders and a decrease of a background level of dopamine excreation with urine. Use of L-dopa in schizophrenic stuporous states (5 patients) was ineffective.