RESUMO
Studies have demonstrated that small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting YKL-40 (siYKL-40) inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion, and induces antiapoptotic abilities of endometrial cancer (EC) HEC-1A cells. However, its effect on angiogenesis is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of YKL-40 in endometrial cancer and the related molecular mechanisms. YKL-40 was knocked down by transfection with siYKL-40 and the effects on angiogenesis, cell viability, and signaling pathways were investigated. The results showed that siYKL-40 inhibited VEGFA levels and tube formation in endothelial cells. Additionally, inhibition of YKL-40 decreased the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), phosphorylated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (pVEGFR2), and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (pERK1/2). Furthermore, a nude mice xenograft model of EC showed that siYKL-40 inhibited tumor growth. Inhibition of YKL-40 led to suppression of angiogenesis and reduction of microvessel density through VEGF/VEGFR2 and ERK1/2 signaling in endometrial cancer cells. Taken together, this study demonstrated novel molecular mechanisms for role of YKL-40 in EC.
Assuntos
Proteína 1 Semelhante à Quitinase-3/genética , Neoplasias do Endométrio/genética , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/genética , Neovascularização Patológica/genética , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Receptor 2 de Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Animais , Movimento Celular/genética , Proliferação de Células/genética , Neoplasias do Endométrio/patologia , Feminino , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/patologia , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Neovascularização Patológica/patologia , Fosforilação/genéticaRESUMO
Cancer-associated fibroblasts cells (CAFs) confer a rapid growth and metastasis ability of endometrial cancer (EC) via exosomes-mediated cellular communication. Long non-coding RNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (lncRNA NEAT1) drives the malignant phenotypes of EC cells. However, the role of exosomal NEAT1 from CAFs in EC progression remains ambiguous, which needs to be investigated. In our study, NEAT1 and YKL-40 were up-regulated, while miR-26a/b-5p was down-regulated in EC tissues. Moreover, NEAT1 expression was increased in CAF-exosomes compared with that in NF-exosomes. In addition, the exosomal NEAT1 derived from CAFs could transfer to EC cells and promote YKL-40 expression. Further exploration showed that exosomal NEAT1 enhanced YKL-40 expression via regulating miR-26a/b-5p-STAT3 axis in EC cells. More importantly, exosomal NEAT1 accelerated in vivo tumor growth via miR-26a/b-5p-STAT3-YKL-40 axis. Taken together, our study reveals that exosomal NEAT1 from CAFs contributes to EC progression via miR-26a/b-5p-mediated STAT3/YKL-40 pathway, which indicates the therapeutic potential of exosomal NEAT1 for treating EC.
Assuntos
Fibroblastos Associados a Câncer/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Semelhante à Quitinase-3/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Endométrio/etiologia , Neoplasias do Endométrio/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Regiões 3' não Traduzidas , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Técnicas de Cocultura , Neoplasias do Endométrio/patologia , Exossomos/metabolismo , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Interferência de RNA , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidases can serve as signaling molecules to regulate a variety of physiological processes in multi-cellular organisms. In the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora, we found that ROS were produced during conidial germination, hyphal extension, and trap formation in the presence of nematodes. Generation of an AoNoxA knockout strain demonstrated the crucial role of NADPH oxidase in the production of ROS in A. oligospora, with trap formation impaired in the AoNoxA mutant, even in the presence of the nematode host. In addition, the expression of virulence factor serine protease P186 was up-regulated in the wild-type strain, but not in the mutant strain, in the presence of Caenorhabditis elegans. These results indicate that ROS derived from AoNoxA are essential for full virulence of A. oligospora in nematodes.
