Interleukin-10 gene promoter polymorphisms are associated with cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth in renal transplant patients.

OBJECTIVE: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine whose genetic polymorphisms are associated with the production of IL-10 and the susceptibility to periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association of IL-10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and cyclosporin A (CsA)-induced gingival overgrowth (GO) in renal transplant patients in a Chinese population, taking into account subgingival microbiota as additional variables. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 202 patients were dichotomized into two groups: 122 with GO and 80 without GO. The IL-10-1082 SNP, -819 SNP and -592 SNP were measured using an allele-specific PCR method. The levels of subgingival bacteria were measured by real-time PCR. Genotype and allele frequencies were analyzed using the Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The frequency of IL-10-819TT (-592AA) genotype was statistically higher in patients with GO than that in patients without GO (P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the prevalence of GO is not dependent on age, gender, and pharmacological variables, being significantly associated with the carriers of ATA haplotype (OR=2.425, 95%CI=1.214-4.845, P=0.012). Moreover, ATA positive carriers in the GO group presented significantly higher levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola than those negative carriers. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that IL-10-819TT (-592AA) genotype and ATA halpotype are associated with susceptibility to CsA-induced GO. Meanwhile, ATA haplotype is associated with a higher detection of P. gingivalis and T. denticola in GO patients, and may increase the risk of developing GO.

[Expression and clinical significance of ErbB3 binding protein ebp1, E-cadherin, ICAM-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma].

PURPOSE: To investigate the expression of ErbB3 binding protein ebp1, E-cadherin, ICAM-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma(SACC), and to explore their relationship with clinical pathological features. METHODS: Two-step immunohistochemical staining method was used to detect the expression of ebp1 E-cadherin, ICAM-1 and MMP-9 in 33 cases with human SACC and 33 with para-cancerous normal tissues. All data were analyzed with SPSS17.0 software package. RESULTS: Positive expression rate of ebp1 in SACC was 84.85%, lower than in normal salivary tissues(96.97%). Ebp1 expression was significantly correlated to pathological pattern and clinical stage(P<0.05), but not correlated to gender and age. Positive expression rate of ebp1 at I-II stage was higher than that of SACC at III-IV stage; in regard to pathological typing, higher expression was found in adenoid tubular type than in solid type; the positive expression rate in patients with tumor metastasis was lower than in patients without metastasis (P<0.05). Expression of ebp1 had a positive relationship with E-cadherin (r=0.851,P<0.01), while a negative relationship was found with MMP-9 (r=-0.364,P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Expression of ebp1 may be associated with progression of SACC. Ebp1 has important role in the generation and evolution of adenoid cystic carcinoma, and can be used as a useful indicator for clinical assessment of tumor biological behavior and prognosis in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Expression of ERBB3 binding protein 1 (EBP1) in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma and its clinicopathological relevance.

BACKGROUND: ERBB3 binding protein 1 (EBP1) gene transfer into human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cells has been shown to significantly inhibit cell proliferation and reduce tumor metastasis in mouse models. In the current study, to evaluate if EBP1 is a novel biomarker capable of identifying patients at higher risk of disease progression and recurrence, we examined the EBP1 expression profile in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) patients and analyzed its clinicopathological relevance. To understand the underlying anti-metastatic mechanism, we investigated if EBP1 regulates invasion-related molecules. METHODS: We performed immunohistochemical analysis on 132 primary adenoid cystic carcinoma and adjacent non-cancerous tissues using commercial EBP1, MMP9, E-cadherin and ICAM-1 antibodies. Results were correlated to clinicopathological parameters, long-term survival and invasion-related molecules by statistical analysis. Cell motility and invasiveness of vector or wild-type EBP1-transfected ACC-M cell lines were evaluated using wound healing and Boyden chamber assays. MMP9, E-cadherin and ICAM-1 proteins in these cell lines were detected using western blot assay. RESULTS: The expression of EBP1 was significantly higher in non-cancerous adjacent tissues compared with corresponding cancer tissues. The intensity and percentage of cells that reacted with EBP1 antibodies were significantly higher in cases with tubular pattern than those with solid pattern (P<0.0001). We also found adenoid cystic carcinoma with local lymphatic metastasis had significantly lower EBP1 expression than ACC with no local lymphatic node metastasis (P<0.0001). Similar findings were observed in ACC with lung metastasis compared with cases with no lung metastasis (P<0.0001), in particular, in cases with perineural invasion compared with cases with no perineural invasion (P<0.0001). Furthermore, a decrease in EBP1 expression was positively associated with a reduction in overall survival of ACC patients. Of note, EBP1 inhibits migration and invasiveness of ACC cells by upregulating E-cadherin but downregulating MMP9. In clinical adenoid cystic carcinoma patients, higher EBP1 expression was positively correlated with E-cadherin levels (P<0.001) but negatively correlated with MMP9 expression (P=0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: EBP1 expression is reduced in adenoid cystic carcinoma, indicating unfavorable prognosis of ACC patients. Its regulation of MMP9 and E-cadherin protein levels suggests a critical therapeutic potential.

[Expression of erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 (ErbB-3) binding protein-1, matrix metalloproteinases, eplthelial cadherin in adenoid cystic carcinoma and correlation analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of ErbB-3 binding protein-1 (EBP-1), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and E-cadherin (E-cad) in adenoid cystic carcinoma and their correlation. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry(PV6000 method) was used to detect EBP-1, MMP-9 and E-cad expression in 66 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma tissues and matched para-cancerous normal tissues. In this study all cases were successfully followed up. RESULTS: The positive expression rate of EBP-1 in adenoid cystic carcinoma tissues was 85%. EBP-1 expression was significantly correlated to pathological pattern and clinical stage (P < 0.05), but not to gender and age. In addition, there was a negative correlation between EBP-1 and E-cad expression, and positive correlation between EBP-1 and MMP-9. CONCLUSIONS: EBP-1 and its correlation with MMP-9 and E-cad may be used as useful indicators for clinical assessment of tumor biological behavior and prognosis in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma.

[The effect of light transmission of canal posts on the depth of cure of resin composite].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of roots reinforced by light-cured composite resin through three different posts in simulated teeth. METHODS: Simulated metal mold as flared canal was filled with resin composite in which three kinds of posts were inserted into the center separately and photopolymerized through them. Cured resins were sectioned vertically, then invested and polished. Hardness measurements were made from up to bottom per 1mm at two horizontal distances (d1=0.5mm,d2=1.5mm) from the central post. SAS 6.12 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: With the increase in width, there was no difference for decrease among the three groups. There was difference in the width of cure between d1 and d2 in 3 groups. As the depth increased, difference of decrease was found among the three groups. Decline of light-transmitting post was the minimal,while that of post B(match-post) was the maximal.There was significant difference in the depth of cure between the light-transmitting post and two control posts (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that light-transmitting post has a remarkable utility compared with the control posts.Using light-transmitting post reconstructing flared roots may reaches a better outcome.

[Analysis of the surface roughness and bacterium adhesions on the surface of restorative materials in vitro].

PURPOSE: To observe the common oral bacteria adhesion on the surface of prosthesis with different roughness, and to analyze the sequence of these adhesions and offer the options for better prosthesis and prevention of their occurrence. METHODS: The specimens made of Co-Cr alloy were polished step by step and divided into six groups. Then, they were put into the liquid BHI culture medium containing Ua, An and Pg. After 24h, the adhesive microbial amount and microbial amount in the culture medium were determined by counting the clonal formation unit. SPSS 6.0 software package was used to analyzed the data. RESULTS: There was significant difference among different groups of surface roughness(P<0.05). Pg was found neither on the surface of specimen , nor in the liquid BHI culture medium. After 24h, there was significant difference among six groups of Ua and An on the prosthesis surface (P<0.05). The total amount of bacterial of each group was different, too. CONCLUSIONS: Pg is inhibited when these bacteria are cultivated together. The surface roughness of the materials positively correlates with the amount of adhesive bacteria. We should choose highly polished Co-Cr alloy to lessen the bacteria adhesion. Supported by Research Fund of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Grant No. 08DZ2271100) and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Grant No.T0202).

[Research progress of flared roots reinforced with resins and methods of evaluation].

With the development of root canal therapy, and prosthodontic materials, techniques as well, the restoration of residual roots has made great progress. However, the restoration of endodontically treated teeth with excessive loss of mineralized tissues still presents a challenge to dentists. Prognosis is comparatively poor if flared roots are restored by conventional methods. Many scholars have devoted themselves to the researches on how to reinforce the compromised root to increase the fracture resistance. The newly research progress of methods, results and evaluations for flared roots reinforcement were reviewed in this paper.