[Community-Based Testing and Factors Associated with HIV among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Haiti between 2015 and 2018]. / Dépistage communautaire et facteurs associés au VIH d'hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec des hommes (HSH) en Haïti entre 2015 et 2018.

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are an HIV key population in Haiti. However, little data exists on that population and on factors associated with this infection. Our study carried out the factors associated with HIV-positive screening among MSM in a community-based rapid testing program in Haiti between 2015 and 2018. Among the 1416 MSM screened, a third reported that it was their very first HIV test and 7.0% had an HIV-positive test. With a median age of 25 years old [21-29], over half of them were living in urban areas (60.7%) and were in financial precarious conditions (68.6%). Multivariate analysis showed that two factors were significantly associated with an HIVpositive result: having had an STI in the last 12 months, strengthened by psychoactive drug use; transactional sex practice in the last 12 months, strengthened by the age between 18 and 20 years old. These results should be taken into account when developing and implementing targeted and comprehensive HIV prevention programs and services for young MSM in Haiti.

Les hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec des hommes (HSH) constituent une population clé du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (VIH) en Haïti. Cependant, peu de données existent sur cette population et les facteurs associés à cette infection. Notre étude s'intéresse aux facteurs liés à un test rapide positif au VIH chez les HSH dans le cadre d'un dispositif de dépistage communautaire en Haïti entre 2015 et 2018. Parmi les 1 416 HSH dépistés, un tiers déclaraient leur premier test VIH et 7,0 % avaient un résultat positif. Avec un âge médian de 25 ans [21­29], plus de la moitié d'entre eux vivaient en milieu urbain (60,7 %) et étaient en situation de précarité financière (68,6 %). Une analyse multivariée a montré que deux facteurs étaient significativement associés à un résultat positif au VIH : avoir eu une infection sexuellement transmissible dans les 12 derniers mois, facteur accentué lorsqu'il est combiné à une consommation de produits psychoactifs ; la pratique du sexe transactionnel dans les 12 derniers mois, facteur accentué par l'appartenance à la classe d'âge des 18­20 ans. Ces résultats doivent se traduire dans la mise en place de futurs programmes et services de prévention du VIH vers les jeunes HSH en Haïti.

[Changes in the work capacity of the operators of command-measuring systems during daily duty]. / Izmenenie rabotosposobnosti operatorov komandno-izmeritel'nykh kompleksov v protsesse sutochnogo dezhurstva.

Through 12 hours of work the operators of command-measuring complexes had initial signs of exhaustion, showed them-self by decrease of health state, activity, mood, increase of latent period of simple sensorimotor reaction. These changes of a functional condition had no effect on quality of fulfillment of target problems. At the end of daily duty exhaustion, described by deterioration of health state, increase of operators' anxiousness, rapid pulse, reduction of time of delay of breath, increase of time of instability of sensorimotor reactions, amount of faulty actions, reduction of speed of mental processes and distribution of attention were developed.

[Hypobaric hypoxia in the treatment of chronic anemia]. / Gipobaricheskaia gipoksiia v lechenii khronicheskoi anemii.

The article studies the possibilities of adaptation for hypoxia in the conditions of decompressive barochamber for treatment of patients with asiderotic anemia. The high efficiency of hypobaric hypoxia was marked in treatment of these patients in medical stationary and during pre-operational management of gynaecological patients. In the process of adaptation for hypoxia these patients had an increase in hemoglobin contents, enhanced functional reserves of cardiorespiratory system, and growth of performance capability. After adaptation for hypoxia these patients have passed throughout postoperative period with less difficulty.

[The rheographic assessment of the hemodynamics during exposure to aviation and space flight factors]. / Reograficheskaia otsenka gemodinamiki pri vozdeistvii faktorov aviatsionnogo i kosmicheskogo poletov.

Effects of hypoxic hypoxia, statokinetic stimuli, breathing O2 at excessive pressure, hypodynamia, and loads on the human body were studied with rheoencephalographic, rheovasographic and rheopneumographic techniques. The data obtained allows to conclude that rheography is an adequate and highly informative method for assessment of systemic hemodynamics in humans. More pronounced shifts in the circulation system in response to air and space flight factors occurred in head-down position and when breathing O2 at excessive pressure. The key mechanism controlling hemodynamics in altered environment was modulation of tone in cerebral and peripheral vessels. Rheographic, amplitude rate, dicrotic and diastolic indices can be referred to as parameters which most fully describe systemic hemodynamics.

[Functional state and work capacity of man when breathing oxygen and hypoxic mixtures at excess pressure]. / Funktsional'noe sostoianie i rabotosposobnost' cheloveka pri dykhanii kislorodom i gipoksicheskimi smesiami pod izbytochnym davleniem.

Experiments were carried out at sea level to investigate tolerance and work capacity of test subjects breathing 100% oxygen and hypoxic gas mixtures (HGM) containing 12.7-12.8% O2 at a positive pressure of 800 mm H2O. All test subjects tolerated 1 hour exposure to 100% O2 or HGM under positive pressure. However, HGM induced more distinct cardiopulmonary changes than O2. During the first minutes of exposure to positive pressure breathing the tracking performance deteriorated most. The number of errors was 24.5% with O2 and 21.4% with HGM more than in the pretest study. As the adaptation developed, the number of tracking errors decreased to reach the pretest level with O2 and to remain 6-10% higher than the pretest level with HGM.