RESUMO
The development of novel treatments for lymphedema is hindered by the poorly understood pathophysiology of the disease. To improve the therapeutic success of treating the disease, the present study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of long noncoding RNA myocardial infarctionassociated transcript (MIAT) in terms of the differentiation of adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) into lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). The expression levels of (MIAT), microRNA (miR)495 and Prosperorelated homeobox 1 (Prox1) were measured by reverse transcriptionquantitative PCR. The protein expression levels of Prox1, lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE1), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor3 (VEGFR3) and podoplanin (PDPL) were detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence. A dualluciferase reporter assay was also used to detect the interaction between MIAT, miR495 and Prox1. In addition, migration and tubeformation capabilities were measured by Transwell assay and tubeformation assay, respectively. The results obtained demonstrated that VEGFC156S (recombinant VEGFC in which Cys156 was replaced by Ser residue) treatment could efficiently induce the differentiation of ADMSCs into LECs. MIAT expression was upregulated and miR495 was downregulated during differentiation. Mechanistically, MIAT upregulated Prox1 expression possibly by acting as a molecular sponge for miR495. Functional analyses indicated that the expression levels of Prox1, LYVE1, VEGFR3 and PDPL, and the migration and tubeformation capabilities of ADMSCs induced by VEGFC156S, were significantly inhibited by silencing MIAT and overexpressing miR495. Moreover, miR495 inhibition and Prox1 overexpression reversed the effects of MIAT downregulation and miR495 upregulation, respectively, on the differentiation of ADMSCs into LECs. Taken together, these results suggested that MIAT may be involved in the differentiation of ADMSCs into LECs, and that the MIAT/miR495/Prox1 axis may be a novel regulatory mechanism and therapeutic target for the treatment of lymphedema.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Homeodomínio/genética , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/genética , Infarto do Miocárdio/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/genética , Animais , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Movimento Celular/genética , Células Endoteliais/citologia , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Humanos , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/citologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/patologia , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Proteínas de Transporte Vesicular/genéticaRESUMO
In this video we describe a kind of modified transoral endoscopic thyroid surgery involving meticulous dissection of mental nerve. Inclusion criteria are: the diameter of benign tumors such as thyroid cyst, nodular goiter were limited less than 50 mm; the malignant thyroid tumors including follicular and papillary microcarcinoma were defined as a papillary carcinoma <2 cm in diameter and endoscopic surgery required for the patient. A 6 cm arc-shaped incision was designed at oral vestibule. The branches of mental nerves at both sides were identified and exposed carefully. A 10 mm trocar was placed at the midpoint of the vestibule. Two 5 mm trocars were separately inserted into the vestibule at lateral or medial of the medial branches of the mental nerve. Thyroidectomy and central lymph node dissection was done fully endoscopically using conventional endoscopic instruments.
RESUMO
The en-bloc resection of neoplasms on the abdominal wall often causes extensive defects that are difficult to manage. The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is a widely used flap in reconstructive surgery of defects. In this article, we present a case using bilateral pedicle anterolateral thigh flaps combined with a surgical polymesh to repair a large defect (22âcmâ×â18âcm) caused by dissection of a recurrent fibromatosis with good functional and aesthetic effects. There were no obvious morbidities or complications during a 6-month follow-up period.We conclude that the bilateral pedicle anterolateral thigh flap is a good choice for reconstruction of large lower abdominal wall defects. It can afford sufficient soft tissue coverage without obvious donor site morbidity.
