Immunological profile of lactylation-related genes in Crohn's disease: a comprehensive analysis based on bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data.

BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) is a disease characterized by intestinal immune dysfunction, often accompanied by metabolic abnormalities. Disturbances in lactate metabolism have been found in the intestine of patients with CD, but studies on the role of lactate and related Lactylation in the pathogenesis of CD are still unknown. METHODS: We identified the core genes associated with Lactylation by downloading and merging three CD-related datasets (GSE16879, GSE75214, and GSE112366) from the GEO database, and analyzed the functions associated with the hub genes and the correlation between their expression levels and immune infiltration through comprehensive analysis. We explored the Lactylation levels of different immune cells using single-cell data and further analyzed the differences in Lactylation levels between inflammatory and non-inflammatory sites. RESULTS: We identified six Lactylation-related hub genes that are highly associated with CD. Further analysis revealed that these six hub genes were highly correlated with the level of immune cell infiltration. To further clarify the effect of Lactylation on immune cells, we analyzed single-cell sequencing data of immune cells from inflammatory and non-inflammatory sites in CD patients and found that there were significant differences in the levels of Lactylation between different types of immune cells, and that the levels of Lactylation were significantly higher in immune cells from inflammatory sites. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that Lactylation-related genes and their functions are closely associated with changes in inflammatory cells in CD patients.

Multicomponent comprehensive confirms that erythroferrone is a molecular biomarker of pan-cancer.

All vertebrates organisms produce erythroferrone, a secretory hormone with structure-related functions during iron homeostasis. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the effect of this hormone on the occurrence and progression of cancer. To systematically and comprehensively identify the diverse implications of Erythroferrone (ERFE) in various malignant tumors, we conducted an in-depth analysis of multiple datasets, including the expression levels of oncogenes and target proteins, biological functions, and molecular characteristics. This analysis aimed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of ERFE in pan-cancer. Our findings revealed a significant elevation in ERFE expression across 20 distinct cancer types, with notable increases in gastrointestinal cancers. Utilizing the Cytoscape and STRING databases, we identified 35 ERFE-targeted binding proteins. Survival prognosis studies, particularly gastrointestinal cancers indicated by Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), demonstrated a poor prognosis in patients with high ERFE expression (p < 0.001), consistently observed across various clinical subgroups. Furthermore, the ROC curve underscored the high predictive ability of EFRE for gastrointestinal cancer (AUC >0.9). Understanding the roles and interactions of ERFE in biological processes can also be aided by examining the genes co-expressed with ERFE in the coat and ranking the top 50 positive and negative genes. In the correlation analysis between the ERFE gene and different immune cells in COAD, we discovered that the expression of ERFE was positively correlated with Th1 cells, cytotoxic cells, and activated DC (aDC) abundance, and negatively correlated with Tcm (T central memory) abundance (P < 0.001). in summary, ERFE emerges as strongly associated with various malignant cancers, positioning it as a prospective biological target for cancer treatment. It stands out as a key molecular biomarker for diagnosing and prognosticating pancreatic cancer, also serves as an independent prognostic risk factor for COAD.

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) oil high internal phase emulsions improved the lipid quality and gel properties of surimi gel.

In the study, high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) prepared from Antarctic krill oil (AKO) were added into surimi and the effects on gel properties, lipid quality and stability were investigated. It is found that HIPEs-added groups exhibited higher gel strength and lower cooking loss than Oil-added counterparts. HIPEs-added groups had higher proportion of capillary water, and microstructure of HIPEs-added gels showed fewer large voids and small size droplets. HIPEs-added groups also showed less pronounced myosin heavy chain band. HIPEs- and Oil-added gels showed > 3500 mg/kg EPA + DHA and 0.4-0.8 mg/kg astaxanthin, and most HIPEs-added groups had higher levels of them but lower TBARS values. Results suggest AKO-HIPEs could reduce the intervention by lipids on myosin crosslinking during gelation, and protect fatty acids and asxtanthin from oxidation due to oxygen-isolation led by their high accumulation. Thus, AKO-HIPEs can be applied to fortify ω-3 PUFA and maintain good gel properties in surimi product.