[A study of digital x-ray detection systems with optical image transfer].

The work describes the performance characteristics of roentgenographic screen-optics-CCD-matrix systems based on the KRTs-1 digital roentgenographic system developed at SpektrAp, Ltd. The efficiency of X-ray detection is estimated from the minimum detectable contrast and maximum resolution. The effect of the X-ray imaging system components on the efficiency of detection is studied. The X-ray screen structure is shown to have a crucial effect on the efficiency of detection as estimated from the image resolution.

[Development of systems for digital fluorography and roentgenography on the basis of x-ray image intensifiers (XRII)].

A comparative review of characteristics of digital detectors for fluorography and roentgenography. Modern digital detection systems on the basis of X-ray image intensifiers (XRII) were demonstrated to be superior in terms of both X-ray image parameters and radiation safety of patient. Specifications of a new detection system for fluorography and roentgenography available from SpektrAP Ltd. (Russia) were described.

[Today's high-resolution digital X-ray study in the detection and diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis].

The radiation technique is the only method for timely identification of pulmonary tuberculosis, and there has been no alternative to it so far. The authors provide convincing evidence for this, by conducting 720 test trials on an AMTsR-1 small-dose high-resolution (3.2 to 5 pairs of lines per mm) digital X-ray apparatus made in Russia. For space resolution, the obtained digital X-ray images are equal to full-format film radiographs, which allows one not only to reveal, but also diagnose tuberculosis and other diseases of the lung. Such forms of tuberculosis, as focal (9%), infiltrative (15%), tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes in the phase of infiltration (7%), fibrocavernous tuberculosis (19%) could be detected and diagnosed at the state of digital X-ray study of the lung in 100% of cases without circumstantiating linear and computed tomography. Computed tomography is indispensable to the diagnosis of tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes, bronchus, the types of disseminated tuberculosis, and bronchopleural fistulas.

[Determination of the detective efficiency of X-ray diagnostic systems by visual assessment of the maximal resolution].

Methods of calculation of the detective efficiency of X-ray diagnostic systems and corresponding radiation dose are discussed. These methods are based on evaluation of limiting visually detectable resolution of a test pattern. Resulting dose values are compared with those inherent in an ideal system.

[A radiation method of determining the voltage of x-ray radiation generation. Its status and the outlook]. / Radiatsionnyi metod opredeleniia napriazheniia generirovaniia rentgenovskogo izlucheniia. Sostoianie i perspektivy.

The paper reviews currently available methods for noninvasive determination of the voltage of X-ray radiation generation. It describes their advantages and disadvantages. The technical data of some commercially produced devices are presented. The paper shows it necessary to develop a standard for noninvasive X-ray tube voltage control and describes the main points of the standard presently developed in the framework of the International Electrical Committee 62C.

[Elbrus device for short-distance radiotherapy]. / Apparat dlia blizkodistantsionnoi rentgenoterapii "El'brus".

A new x-ray device possesses an x-ray tube with a beryllium aperture, the voltage is regulated from 10 to 80 kV and currents from 2 to 10 mA. Feeding frequency of the main part of the unit is 20 kHz. A closed single-contour cooling water circuit is used. Pulsation of the voltage in the x-ray tube is no higher than 0.1% for the whole range of anode voltage of the tube. Typical values of the radiation output in P/min mA for different values of the extra aluminium filters are presented. The metrological characteristics of the device meet the MEK 601-2-8-87 requirements for x-ray equipment.