First Report of Uredo manilensis in the Western Hemisphere.

Crepe jasmine, Tabernaemontana divaricata (L.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult. (Apocynaceae), is a popular flowering shrub in South Florida. A native of Southeast Asia, it is one of approximately 100 ornamental species in the genus. In December 2007, rust was observed on the leaves of landscape plants in Key West and Miami. The rust has become prevalent and severely affects young and old leaves of plants in the landscape and in commercial nurseries. Leaf lesions begin as chlorotic flecks that expand into necrotic spots with orange-to-reddish brown, subepidermal uredinia; brown telia develop on the abaxial side of leaves. Urediniospores are one-celled, initially hyaline, minutely echinulate and spherical, turn dark orange, and measure (22) 24 to 29 (32) × (19) 21 to 24 (26) µm. Teliospores are (26) 29 to 36 (38) × (20) 22 to 26 (28) µm, two-celled, ellipsoidal to ovoid, echinulate, constricted at the septum, reddish brown, and have 0.8-µm thick spore walls; pedicels are 25 × 5.6 µm, persistent, and hyaline. Attributes for urediniospores are consistent with those from the original description of Uredo manilensis Syd. & P. Syd. on T. coronariae in Manila (2); however, there are no reports of a telial stage for this rust. Attributes for urediniospores of the South Florida fungus were also consistent with those on herbarium specimens of U. manilensis from the U.S. National Fungus Collection, also collected in Manila but from T. polygama (BPI Accession Nos. 0155269 and 0155270). Notably, these specimens contained telia that matched those found in South Florida. Subsequent comparisons were made with herbarium specimens of the three Puccinia spp. that have been reported on Tabernaemontana spp. (the U.S. National Fungus Collection or the Arthur Herbarium, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN). Puccinia engleriana (five specimens from India, New Guinea, and the Philippines) differs from the BPI specimens of U. manilensis and the South Florida fungus by its bigger teliospores (32) 35 to 41 (45) × (21) 22 to 24 µm. P. tabernaemontana (six specimens from Uganda) has bigger urediniospores ([45] 34 to 41 × [34] 26 to 32 µm) and yellow-brown, poorly echinulated to almost smooth teliospores. The revised material of P. morobensis (type) was poor, but according to the original description (1) and notes found in the herbarium specimen, the teliospores (24 to 29 × 33 to 45 µm) and urediniospores are larger (23 to 28 × 29 to 35 µm) and the teliospores walls are finely and sparsely echinulated to sometimes smooth, and the pedicels are very short and fragile. A specimen of the South Florida fungus was deposited with the U.S. National Fungus Collections (BPI Accession No. TBA). To our knowledge, this is the first report of U. manilensis in the Western Hemisphere and the first time a telial stage (provisionally P. manilensis) has been recognized for the fungus. This disease has become a concern in South Florida for gardeners as well as producers who must now treat the crop with fungicides. References: (1) G. B. Cummins. Mycologia. 33:148, 1941. (2) H. Sydow, and P. Sydow. Ann. Mycol. 8:36, 1910.

Lynn Magnathologic Corrector.

The Lynn Magnathologic Corrector is an orthopedic mechanical and magnetic traction device designed to enhance the concepts of the Bio-Finisher. Dr. Lynn invented the Bio-Finisher to eliminate the problem of not achieving adequate vertical alveolar (osseous) and dental support for the neuromuscular tissue operating system. The Lynn Magnathologic Corrector is an evolutionary advance in both performance and convenience for the doctor and the patient.

The Lynn Maxilla Rotator Combination Appliance and Lynn Archial Face Bow.

This combination orthopedic traction appliance offers a new dimension in treating long faced, mouth breathing patients, who generally exhibit pre-maxillary gingival excess and lip incompetency or a short upper lip. The dynamics of excessive clockwise growth can be reversed if the physical pressures placed on the craniofacial skeletal tissues are reversed. In many instances extraction therapy or orthognatic surgery may be unnecessary to achieve acceptable occlusion and facial esthetics. Dr. Ullrich Teuscher, M.D., D.M.D., of Zurich, Switzerland published an article in the American Journal of Orthodontics in 1978, which addressed a growth related traction treatment of Class II facial patterns. This appliance expands on this concept with important modifications. There are many causes of a "long face". One of the primary causes, however, is upper airway compromise. This may be a result of enlargement of the tonsils, adenoids, nasal tubinates, nasal polyps, hemangiomas, allergies, nasal septal deviations, nasal floor narrowing, etc. In our Westernized society of "non-chewing" youths (most fast or processed food we eat today is practically pre-chewed or per-digested), the orofacial musculature is lacking in functional use. This condition further enhances the lack of full facial development because the necessary forces transmitted from the masticatory musculature to the facial skeleton are lacking. Therefore, if a person has tendencies toward a narrow-face, nasal vault, etc., there is no chance that nature's inherent counterbalancing forces will have any positive effect in resolving the airway compromise by producing wide or broad dental arches, because these forces do not exist anymore as a result of no necessity to chew food. The purpose of this paper is not to study the etiology of upper respiratory compromise, but rather to suggest a possible treatment alternative which sequentially counteracts the undesirable forces placed on the craniofacial skeleton by the aforementioned pathologies or environmental conditions.

Threshold prediction from the auditory 40-Hz evoked potential.

This is an investigation of the accuracy with which the 40-Hz evoked potential (EP) threshold can be used to predict low frequency behavioral audiometric thresholds. The EP thresholds for 500 and 1000 Hz tone bursts were compared with behavioral thresholds obtained from 40 hearing-impaired ears. Correlation coefficients (between EP and behavioral thresholds) of 0.79 and 0.87 were obtained for the 500 and 1000 Hz signals, respectively. Confidence intervals for EP estimates of behavioral thresholds were -10 to +30 dB for 500 Hz signals and -20 to +20 for 1000 Hz. Problems associated with the use of the EP for predicting behavioral thresholds are discussed.

Loop catheter extraction of ureteral stones: a re-evaluation.

Loop catheter extraction of ureteral stones has been used consistently by our group for over thirty years. Stones of up to 1.5 cm in largest dimension can be removed by this method, and for stones of any size there is less trauma to the ureter than with basket extraction. A representative five-year experience is presented in dealing with 264 ureteral stones, 58 of which were managed by loop extraction.

Perceptual significance of the CID W-22 carrier phrase.

The 2-part study provides evidence that the carrier phrase "You will say..." contains perceptual cues which can be used by the listener to help identify place of initial consonant articulation for many test words, and when these cues are removed, the test words in isolation constitute a mre difficult word discrimination test. In the first experiment, test words beginning with voiceless stop consonants were truncated from their carrier phrases, and the phrases alone were presented to 10 normally hearing listeners. Results demonstrated above chance performance by listeners for identification of place of initial consonant articulation for the deleted test words solely on the basis of carrier phrase cues. In the second experiment, acoustically identical W-22 words with and without carrier phrases were presented to 10 normally hearing listeners at a O dB signal-to-noise ratio. A significant difference was observed in word discrimination scores for the 2 lists that can be attributed to deletion of carrier phrase cues.

Fine-needle aspiration cytology in the management of gynecologic cancer.

The technique and application of fine-needle aspiration cytology in the management of gynecologic cancer are discussed. The authors report 90 cases that have been evaluated by means of fine-needle technique. The technique has been applied both for primary diagnosis and for follow-up evaluation. Among the 90 cases reported, there was two false negatives and one false positive and three cases in which the histologic findings were false negative.