The Use of Sargassum spp. Ashes Like a Raw Material for Mortar Production: Composite Performance and Environmental Outlook.

The accumulation of brown algae from the genus Sargassum has been increasing over the years in coastal regions of the Caribbean, Africa, Brazil, and Mexico. This causes harmful effects to the ecosystem, human health, the economy, and the climate due to gas emissions from its decomposition process. There is the possibility of this biomass being reused in civil construction, and some studies have been carried out on its application to common Portland cement mortar. As such, the objective of this study is to evaluate the potential of sargassum ash as a mineral addition to partially replace fine aggregates in Portland cement mortar. Characterization of the raw materials was carried out through X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, loss on ignition, particle size distribution, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, real density, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and dispersion spectroscopy of electrons. The mortars were prepared by partially replacing the fine aggregate (sand) with sargassum ash at 0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%. Mortar performance was evaluated through water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent specific mass, and compressive strength 7, 28, and 63 days after curing. Lastly, a life cycle assessment was conducted in accordance with ISO standards 14040:2006 and 14044:2006. The results showed that replacing sand with sargassum ash increases water absorption and apparent porosity, and decreases the apparent specific mass and compressive strength as replacement increases. Nevertheless, the compressive strength results after 63 days for 5 and 10% replacement did not differ statistically from reference values. The life cycle assessment indicated that mortars with partial replacement of sand by sargassum ash show positive environmental impacts when compared to reference values for most categories, regardless of the scenario analyzed, especially for mortar with 10% replacement. As such, the use of sargassum ash at 10% does not alter the mortar's compressive strength values after 63 days, but does reduce its environmental impact. The application of this biomass in civil construction materials provides a destination for this algae, and that can be a solution to mitigate the social, environmental, and economic problems it has been causing.

Sofrimento psíquico e trabalho docente – implicações na detecção de problemas de comportamento em alunos / Psychological distress and teaching – implications for the detection of problem behavior in students

O presente artigo investiga a opinião de professores do ensino fundamental -com e sem sofrimento psíquico - sobre os problemas de comportamento dosalunos e sobre a forma de lidar com esses problemas. Em 2006, 139 professores responderam um questionário autoaplicado a fim de avaliar algumas características do trabalho e a presença de sofrimento psíquico através da escala Self Reported Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Neste mesmo ano, estes profissionais avaliaram a presença de problemas de comportamento em 358 alunos, através da escala Teacher´s Report Form (TRF). Em 2009, 10 Professoras da mesma amostra foram entrevistadas para compreender melhor sobre sua saúde mental e seu trabalho com os alunos. Resultados evidenciam diferenças significativas entre professores com e sem sofrimento psíquico no que tange à forma de avaliar e lidar com os problemas de comportamento dos alunos. A presença de sofrimento psíquico contribui para uma visão mais negativa do trabalho docente...

This article aims to investigate the opinion of elementary school teachers -with and without psychological distress - on the behavior´s problems of thestudents and how to deal with these problems. In 2006, 139 teachers answered a questionnaire in order to evaluate some professional characteristics and the presence of psychological distress (Self ReportedQuestionnaire, SRQ-20). These professionals have also evaluated thepresence of behavior problems in 358 students, through the scale Teacher'sReport Form (TRF). In 2009, 10 teachers from the same sample wereinterviewed (5 teachers with signs of distress and 5 with no such signs). Theresults show significant differences between the two groups in regard to how to assess and deal with the problems of student behavior. Furthermore, it appears that the presence of psychological distress contributes to a more negative view of teaching...

Sofrimento psíquico e trabalho docente – implicações na detecção de problemas de comportamento em alunos / Psychological distress and teaching – implications for the detection of problem behavior in students

O presente artigo investiga a opinião de professores do ensino fundamental -com e sem sofrimento psíquico - sobre os problemas de comportamento dos alunos e sobre a forma de lidar com esses problemas. Em 2006, 139 professores responderam um questionário autoaplicado a fim de avaliar algumas características do trabalho e a presença de sofrimento psíquico através da escala Self Reported Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Neste mesmo ano, estes profissionais avaliaram a presença de problemas de comportamento em 358 alunos, através da escala Teacher´s Report Form (TRF). Em 2009, 10 Professoras da mesma amostra foram entrevistadas para compreender melhor sobre sua saúde mental e seu trabalho com os alunos. Resultados evidenciam diferenças significativas entre professores com e sem sofrimento psíquico no que tange à forma de avaliar e lidar com os problemas de comportamento dos alunos. A presença de sofrimento psíquico contribui para uma visão mais negativa do trabalho docente. (AU)

This article aims to investigate the opinion of elementary school teachers -with and without psychological distress - on the behavior´s problems of the students and how to deal with these problems. In 2006, 139 teachers answered a questionnaire in order to evaluate some professional characteristics and the presence of psychological distress (Self ReportedQuestionnaire, SRQ-20). These professionals have also evaluated the presence of behavior problems in 358 students, through the scale Teacher's Report Form (TRF). In 2009, 10 teachers from the same sample were interviewed (5 teachers with signs of distress and 5 with no such signs). The results show significant differences between the two groups in regard to how to assess and deal with the problems of student behavior. Furthermore, it appears that the presence of psychological distress contributes to a more negative view of teaching. (AU)

Desastres naturais: sistemas de informação e vigilância: uma revisão da literatura / Natural disasters: information systems and surveillance system: a review of literature

Objetivo: realizar revisão bibliográfica sobre a construção e implementação de sistemas de informação e vigilância sobre desastres naturais. Metodologia: o presente artigo apresenta uma revisão de literatura de artigos científicos realizada nas bases de dados Pubmed e Scielo. Resultados: demonstraram que os sistemas de informação e/ou vigilância utilizados tinham como objetivos principais a análise da extensão dos danos, identificação das áreas e populações vulneráveis e avaliação das necessidades em saúde de grupos populacionais mais expostos à ocorrência dos desastres. Conclusões: há a necessidade de sistemas de informação e vigilância integrados entre áreas como Saúde Pública, Defesa Civil e Ambiental para a análise dos efeitos dos desastres sobre a saúde das populações.

Objective: literature review on the construction and implementation of information systems and surveillance of natural disasters. Methodology: this article presents a literature review of papers held in the databases Pubmed and Scielo. Results: showed that information systems and/or surveillance were used as main objectives the analysis of the extent of the damage, identifying areas and vulnerable populations and assessment of health needs of population groups most exposed to the occurrence of disasters. Conclusions: there is need for information systems and integrated monitoring within areas such as Public Health, Civil and Environmental Defense to analyze the effects of disasters on the health of populations.

A relação entre professores com sofrimento psíquico e crianças escolares com problemas de comportamento / The relation between teachers with psychological distress and schoolchildren with behavior problems

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a relação entre professores com sofrimento psíquico e crianças escolares com problemas de comportamento. Um total de 151 professores avaliou a presença de problemas de comportamento em 372 alunos, através da escala Teacher´s Report Form (TRF). Os alunos foram selecionados através de amostragem por conglomerados e estavam matriculados na primeira série do ensino fundamental. Os professores também responderam a um questionário auto-aplicado a fim de avaliar algumas características pessoais e a presença de sofrimento psíquico (Self Reported Questionnaire SRQ-20). A prevalência de sofrimento psíquico encontrada entre os professores foi de 21,8 por cento. Os resultados mostram percentuais mais elevados na identificação de problemas internalizantes pelas professoras que apresentam sofrimento psíquico.

The present article aims to analyze the relation between teachers suffering from psychological distress and school children with behavioral problems. A total of 372 children were evaluated by teachers through utilizing the Teachers Report Form (TRF). The teachers also answered a questionnaire in order to evaluate some personal characteristics and the presence of psychological distress (Self Reported Questionnaire, SRQ-20). The prevalence of psychological distress found was of 21.8 percent. The results show that the teachers presenting psychological distress identified higher percentages of internalizing problems in the children.

[The relation between teachers with psychological distress and schoolchildren with behavior problems]. / A relação entre professores com sofrimento psíquico e crianças escolares com problemas de comportamento.

The present article aims to analyze the relation between teachers suffering from psychological distress and school children with behavioral problems. A total of 372 children were evaluated by teachers through utilizing the Teachers Report Form (TRF). The teachers also answered a questionnaire in order to evaluate some personal characteristics and the presence of psychological distress (Self Reported Questionnaire, SRQ-20). The prevalence of psychological distress found was of 21.8%. The results show that the teachers presenting psychological distress identified higher percentages of internalizing problems in the children.

Lipoma colônico mimetizando pólipo gigante parido: relato de caso / Colonic lipoma adapting polip giant give birth: case story

Lipoma colo-retal é incomum. Na maioria dos casos é único, submucoso, assintomático e diagnosticado por acaso. Podem provocar alterações do hábito intestinal, dor abdominal vaga, sangramento pelo ânus e mais raramente sintomas e sinais de obstrução. A remoção da(s) lesão(ões) é indicada quando sintomáticos ou na suspeita de malignidade (através de colonoscopia, colotomia ou colectomia). Os autores relatam caso de grande lipoma de sigmóide, submucoso e prolapsado; ressecado através de laparotomia + colotomia, com boa evolução.