RESUMO
The study was aimed to evaluate the features of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in healthy female inhabitants of St. Petersburg. 309 attendants of gynecological clinics were recruited for the screening. All participants were of reproductive age and were lacking the clinical or morphological symptoms of HPV-related diseases. PCR revealed HPV-specific sequences in 90 (29%) women. HPV type distribution was similar to the one in USA and Europe. HPV-positivity did not correlate with age of females, age at sexual debut, or total life-long duration of sexual activity. However, HPV were overrepresented among women reporting excessive number of contraceptive abortions. The data imply that an establishment of large-scale HPV-testing in Russia could be a desirable component of preventive anti-cancer programs.
Assuntos
Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/diagnóstico , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/epidemiologia , Adulto , DNA Viral/genética , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Incidência , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Papillomaviridae/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência , Federação Russa/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The investigation deals with a simplified modification or molecular-genetic detection of translocation t(9;22) using a combination of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR). Unlike the available protocols, analysis is carried out using one enzyme--TET-Z polymerase--(instead of two) which has both revertase and DNA-polymerase activities. The present modification is highly sensitive, less time-consuming and cheaper. The method has proved useful for both diagnosing t(9;22) translocation and diagnosing and monitoring minimal residual disease remaining after marrow transplantation.
Assuntos
Cromossomos Humanos Par 22/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 9/genética , Neoplasia Residual/diagnóstico , Neoplasia Residual/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Translocação Genética , Humanos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , DNA Polimerase Dirigida por RNARESUMO
The survey dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the Prof. N. N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, St. Petersburg, gives a basic idea of molecular pathogenesis of tumor in humans, particular emphasis being placed on the clinical and applied aspects of molecular oncology. The survey is intended for a wide audience including doctors, professors and undergraduate students majoring in medicine and biology.
Assuntos
DNA de Neoplasias/genética , Mutação , Neoplasias/genética , Proto-Oncogenes/genética , RNA Neoplásico/genética , Southern Blotting , Western Blotting , Terapia Genética , Humanos , Neoplasias/terapia , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection often causes death after organ transplantation. Therefore, adequate prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this complication are of critical importance. The experience of establishing routine PCR-detection of CMV is presented. A widely accepted PCR protocol was used for clinical purposes. The strategy included 3 steps: 1) PCR amplification of CMV-sequences from leukocytes of patients; 2) visualization of PCR-product in polyacrylamide gel; 3) verification of the identity of PCR product by its hybridization to a membrane-bound specific probe. This approach allowed to detect CMV infection in 10 out of 28 bone marrow and in 4 out of 32 kidney recipients. The administration of specific antiviral treatment led to the elimination of CMV sequences from the blood.
Assuntos
Transplante de Medula Óssea , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/diagnóstico , DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Transplante de Rim , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/genética , Sondas de DNA , Humanos , Transplante HomólogoRESUMO
The distribution of alleles of DRB, DQB and DQA loci was investigated in 118 healthy donors from St. Petersburg. Said alleles were identified by the restriction fragment length polymorphism method using DRB, DQB and DQA probes after TaqI digestion and Southern blotting. The frequencies of said alleles were compared with those of a cohort of healthy donors living in Germany. A significantly higher frequency of DRB-17-2 was identified in the Russian donors, as compared with the German counterparts. Also, the Russian donors revealed a decrease in the frequency of DQB-1 (P = 0.01) and an increase in that of DQB-X allele (P = 0.05). An analysis of DRB, DQB and DQA locus a alleles adhesion in a sample of donors from St. Petersburg showed it to agree, in a large proportion of cases, with the literature data. A parallel study of immunological specificity of DR antigen was undertaken to compare the results of genetic and serologic typing; errors in DR specificity identification were found to have been made in 17.0%.