[Research progress on rutin derivatives].

Compounds derived from natural products present satisfactory efficacy in disease prevention and treatment. The use of chemical substances in plants to promote healthhas increasingly attracted people's attention. Rutin, a typical flavonoid, is mainly found in various vegetables, fruits and Chinese herbal medicines. As a natural antioxidant, it features many pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammation, anti-virus, anti-tumor, and prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the low bioavailability and poor water solubility limit its clinical application. In view of this, its structure is optimized and modified to afford rutin derivatives with good solubility, high bioavailability, stable metabolism and small toxic side effects. So far, a large number of rutin ethers, esters, and complexes have been synthesized and undergone activity testing. This paper reviews the structural modification of rutin in recent years, and the obtained derivatives have excellent properties and significant biological activity.

[Effects of small hydropower substitute fuel project on forest ecosystem services]. / 小水电代燃料工程对森林生态服务功能的影响.

Based on the Forest Ecosystem Services Assessment Standards (LY/T 1721－2008) issued by the State Forestry Administration, this paper evaluated four key functions of forest ecosystems, i.e., water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, and nutrient accumulation. Focusing on the project area of Majiang County in Guizhou Province, this study provided some quantitative evidence that the implementation of the small hydropower substituting fuel project had positive effects on the values and material quantities of ecosystem service functions. The results showed that the small hydropower substituting fuel project had a significant effect on the increase of forest ecosystem services. Water conservation quantity of Pinus massoniana and Cupressus funebris plantations inside project area was 20662.04 m3·hm-2·a-1, 20.5% higher than outside project area, with soil conservation quantity of 119.1 t·hm-2·a-1, 29.7% higher than outside project area, carbon fixation and oxygen release of 220.49 t·hm-2·a-1, 40.2% higher than outside project area, and forest tree nutrition accumulation of 3.49 t·hm-2·a-1, 48.5% higher than outside project area. Small hydropower substituting fuel project for increasing the quota of forest ecosystem service function value was in the order of carbon fixation and oxygen release function (71400 yuan·hm-2·a-1) > water conservation function (60100 yuan·hm-2·a-1) > tree nutrition accumulation function (13800 yuan·hm-2·a-1) > soil conservation function (8100 yuan·hm-2·a-1). Small hydropower substituting fuel project played an important role for improving the forest ecological service function value and realizing the sustainable development of forest.