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1.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 255(3): 317-329, 2019 08 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31298647

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical, serologic, parasitological, and histologic outcomes of dogs with naturally occurring Trypanosoma cruzi infection treated for 12 months with amiodarone and itraconazole. ANIMALS: 121 dogs from southern Texas and southern Louisiana. PROCEDURES: Treatment group dogs (n = 105) received a combination of amiodarone hydrochloride (approx 7.5 mg/kg [3.4 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h, with or without a loading dosage protocol) and itraconazole (approx 10 mg/kg [4.5 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h, adjusted to maintain a plasma concentration of 1 to 2 µg/mL) for 12 months. Control group dogs (n = 16) received no antitrypanosomal medications. Serologic assays for anti-T cruzi antibodies, PCR assays for T cruzi DNA in blood, and physical evaluations were performed 1, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months after study initiation. Adverse events were recorded. Outcomes of interest were recorded and compared between groups. RESULTS: 86 of 105 treatment group dogs and 8 of 16 control group dogs survived and completed the study (5/19 and 6/7 deaths of treatment and control group dogs, respectively, were attributed to T cruzi infection). Mean survival time until death attributed to T cruzi was longer (23.19 vs 15.64 months) for the treatment group. Results of PCR assays were negative for all (n = 92) tested treatment group dogs (except for 1 dog at 1 time point) from 6 to 24 months after study initiation. Clinical improvement in ≥ 1 clinical sign was observed in 53 of 54 and 0 of 10 treatment and control group dogs, respectively; adverse drug events were minor and reversible. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested efficacy of this trypanocidal drug combination for the treatment of T cruzi infection in dogs.


Assuntos
Amiodarona , Doença de Chagas/veterinária , Doenças do Cão , Trypanosoma cruzi , Animais , Cães , Itraconazol , Louisiana , Texas
2.
Methods Mol Biol ; 1392: 113-24, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26843051

RESUMO

Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania which are transmitted to humans through bites of infected sand flies. The variable clinical manifestations and the evolution of the disease are determined by the infecting species. Recognition at a species level is of utmost importance since this greatly impacts therapy decision making as well as predicts outcome for the disease. This chapter describes the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the detection of Leishmania parasites across the disease spectrum, including protocols for sample collection and transportation, genomic material extraction, and target amplification methods with special emphasis on PCR amplification of the cytochrome b gene for Leishmania spp. species identification.


Assuntos
Leishmania/genética , Leishmaniose/diagnóstico , Leishmaniose/parasitologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Animais , DNA de Protozoário , Humanos , Leishmania/classificação , Especificidade da Espécie
3.
Methods Mol Biol ; 1392: 125-41, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26843052

RESUMO

American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease) is an infectious disease caused by the hemoflagellate parasite Trypanosoma cruzi which is transmitted by reduviid bugs. T. cruzi infection occurs in a broad spectrum of reservoir animals throughout North, Central, and South America and usually evolves into an asymptomatic chronic clinical stage of the disease in which diagnosis is often challenging. This chapter describes the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA including protocols for sample preparation, DNA extraction, and target amplification methods.


Assuntos
Doença de Chagas/diagnóstico , Doença de Chagas/parasitologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Trypanosoma cruzi/genética , DNA de Protozoário/genética , DNA de Protozoário/isolamento & purificação , Genes de Protozoários , Genes de RNAr , Humanos , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico
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