Modern endoscopic and microscopic photography in otolaryngology.

The autodynamic through-the-lens (TTL) computer flash with automatic exposure and the Freiburg endophotographic and microphotographic (EPS and MPS) system are described. This system provides accurately exposed endophotographs and microphotographs irrespective of the sort of endoscope, microscope, localization, and film material used.

[Development of laryngoscopy]. / Die Entwicklung der Laryngoskopie.

The development of laryngoscopy is described and the inventions of Kirstein, Killian, Seiffert, Kleinsasser and Weerda are mentioned. The development of microlaryngeal surgery and the anaesthesic techniques are also described.

[The autogenous autoclaved incus]. / Der autogene autoklavierte Amboss.

Reimplantation of autogenous ossicles in cholesteatoma involves a fairly high incidence of residual cholesteatoma. The reconstruction of the ossicular chain with alloplastic and allogenic ossicles produces problems such as resorption and extrusion. The autogenous autoclaved ossicle may lead to a new method of reconstructing the ossicular chain in chronic otitis media and cholesteatoma.

[Giant cell tumour of bone in the cavum tympani and petrous bone]. / Ossärer Riesenzelltumor im Bereich von Pauke und Felsenbein.

In the great majority of cases, the giant-cell tumour of bone (synonymous with osteoclastoma of bone) is localised at the end of a long tubular bone. Most of the patients are between 20 and 40 years of age. A case of a grade II giant-cell tumour in a female patient of 32 years of age is reported, which was localised in the middle ear and petrous bone.

[Computerized photodocumentation with automatic exposure technique in ENT endoscopy (author's transl)]. / Computergesteuerte, endoskopische Fotodokumentation im HNO-Bereicheine neue Methode.

Proper lighting and exposure of color photographs were often the main problem in endophotography. The photographic equipment used for different regions of the body was complicated or troublesome to handle. In most cases, time and many tests were necessary, yet good photographic results were rarely obtained. To facilitate handling and to overcome the numerous exposure problems in photographic documentation an electronic TTL computer flash with autodynamic controlled flash energy was developed at the department of ORL at the University of Freiburg in 1980. With the single-handed endoscopic photographic system and the electronic TTL computer flash with automatic exposure technique, endoscopic photography becomes a simple and successful procedure. Even an unskilled "endophotographer" will be able to handle the described system easily. Getting good photographic results in endophotography is no longer a time-consuming and elaborate procedure.

[The TTL-computer flash and the operating microscope OPMI I. A new system for microphotography (author's transl)]. / TTL-Computerblitz und Zeiss Operationsmikroskop OPMI I.

The autodynamic controller TTL-computer flash (TTL = through the lens) with combined cold light fountain was adapted to the operating microscope OPMI I. The TTL-computer flash system facilitates the handling of the photomicroscope and provides accurately exposed photos in microphotography.

Electronic flash unit for endoscopy with autodynamic controlled flash energy for automatic exposure of endophotos. A new method.

A high-speed flash unit for endoscopy with autodynamic controlled flash energy provides accurately exposed photos, irrespective of endoscope, localisation, and film material. This system was developed and tested in clinical practice in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at the University of Freiburg, FRG. The autodynamic system for controlled flash energy guarantees a correct exposure even in the hands of an unskilled person.