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1.
Can J Anaesth ; 69(1): 97-105, 2022 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34713434

RESUMO

PURPOSE: A nationwide shortage of oxytocin in Canada resulted in a temporary switch from oxytocin to carbetocin for all postpartum women at our institution. This change offered a unique opportunity to conduct a pragmatic comparative assessment of the efficacy of carbetocin and oxytocin. METHODS: In a retrospective before-after study, we reviewed the medical records from 641 women in the carbetocin group and 752 women in the oxytocin group . The standard carbetocin dosing was 100 µg iv following vaginal and intrapartum Cesarean delivery, while for elective Cesarean delivery it was 50 µg, with an additional 50 µg if required. The standard oxytocin dosing was 5 IU iv followed by 2.4 IU·hr-1 for four to six hours after vaginal delivery, while for Cesarean delivery it was 1-3 IU iv, three minutes apart, up to 10 IU if required, followed by the same maintenance. In both modalities of delivery, if uterine tone was suboptimal, the maintenance dose of oxytocin could be increased to 4.8 IU·hr-1. In both groups, additional uterotonics were used as required. The primary outcome was the need for additional uterotonics. Secondary outcomes included estimated and calculated blood loss, the occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage, and the need for blood transfusion. RESULTS: The incidence of additional uterotonic use was not different between the carbetocin and oxytocin groups (12.0% vs 8.8%; P = 0.05; odds ratio, 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.97 to 2.00). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was higher in the carbetocin group than in the oxytocin group (10.3% vs 6.6%; P = 0.01). Blood transfusion was more common in the carbetocin group (1.4% vs 0.3%; P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the use of additional uterotonics when carbetocin or oxytocin were used in a cohort of women undergoing vaginal deliveries and both elective and emergency Cesarean deliveries.


RéSUMé: OBJECTIF: Une pénurie nationale d'ocytocine au Canada a entraîné l'utilisation temporaire de la carbétocine en remplacement de l'ocytocine pour toutes les femmes en post-partum dans notre établissement. Grâce à cette substitution, nous avons bénéficié d'une occasion unique de mener une évaluation comparative pragmatique de l'efficacité de la carbétocine et de l'ocytocine. MéTHODE: Dans une étude rétrospective avant-après, nous avons examiné les dossiers médicaux de 641 femmes dans le groupe carbétocine et de 752 femmes dans le groupe ocytocine. Le dosage standard de carbécotine était de 100 µg iv après un accouchement vaginal et pendant un accouchement par césarienne intrapartum, tandis que pour un accouchement par césarienne élective, le dosage était de 50 µg, avec 50 µg supplémentaires au besoin. Le dosage standard d'ocytocine était de 5 UI iv suivi de 2,4 UI·h-1 pendant quatre à six heures après un accouchement vaginal, tandis que pour un accouchement par césarienne, il était de 1 à 3 UI iv, à trois minutes d'intervalle, jusqu'à 10 UI au besoin, suivi du même dosage d'entretien. Dans les deux types d'accouchement, si le tonus utérin était sous-optimal, la dose d'entretien d'ocytocine pouvait être augmentée à 4,8 UI·h-1. Dans les deux groupes, des utérotoniques supplémentaires ont été utilisés au besoin. Le critère d'évaluation principal était le besoin d'utérotoniques supplémentaires. Les critères d'évaluation secondaires comprenaient la perte de sang estimée et calculée, la survenue d'une hémorragie du post-partum et la nécessité d'une transfusion sanguine. RéSULTATS: L'incidence d'utilisation d'utérotoniques supplémentaires n'était pas différente entre les groupes carbétocine et ocytocine (12,0 % vs 8,8 %; P = 0,05; rapport de cotes,1,39; intervalle de confiance à 95 %, 0,97 à 2,00). L'incidence d'hémorragie du post-partum était plus élevée dans le groupe carbétocine que dans le groupe ocytocine (10,3 % vs 6,6 %; P = 0,01). Les transfusions sanguines étaient plus fréquentes dans le groupe carbétocine (1,4 % vs 0,3 %; P = 0,02). CONCLUSION: Aucune différence dans l'utilisation d'utérotoniques supplémentaires n'a été observée lors de l'utilisation de carbétocine ou d'ocytocine dans une cohorte de femmes accouchant par voie vaginale ou par césarienne élective ou en urgence.


Assuntos
Ocitócicos , Hemorragia Pós-Parto , Estudos Controlados Antes e Depois , Feminino , Humanos , Ocitocina/análogos & derivados , Hemorragia Pós-Parto/epidemiologia , Hemorragia Pós-Parto/prevenção & controle , Gravidez , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
Blood Adv ; 5(23): 5360-5371, 2021 12 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34625797

RESUMO

Gene expression profiling has long been used in understanding the contribution of genes and related pathways in disease pathogenesis and susceptibility. We have performed whole-blood transcriptomic profiling in a subset of patients with inherited bone marrow failure (IBMF) whose diseases are clinically and genetically characterized as Fanconi anemia (FA), Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS), and dyskeratosis congenita (DC). We hypothesized that annotating whole-blood transcripts genome wide will aid in understanding the complexity of gene regulation across these IBMF subtypes. Initial analysis of these blood-derived transcriptomes revealed significant skewing toward upregulated genes in patients with FA when compared with controls. Patients with SDS or DC also showed similar skewing profiles in their transcriptional status revealing a common pattern across these different IBMF subtypes. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed shared pathways involved in protein translation and elongation (ribosome constituents), RNA metabolism (nonsense-mediated decay), and mitochondrial function (electron transport chain). We further identified a discovery set of 26 upregulated genes at stringent cutoff (false discovery rate < 0.05) that appeared as a unified signature across the IBMF subtypes. Subsequent transcriptomic analysis on genetically uncharacterized patients with BMF revealed a striking overlap of genes, including 22 from the discovery set, which indicates a unified transcriptional drive across the classic (FA, SDS, and DC) and uncharacterized BMF subtypes. This study has relevance in disease pathogenesis, for example, in explaining the features (including the BMF) common to all patients with IBMF and suggests harnessing this transcriptional signature for patient benefit.


Assuntos
Doenças da Medula Óssea , Disceratose Congênita , Anemia de Fanconi , Doenças da Medula Óssea/genética , Transtornos da Insuficiência da Medula Óssea , Anemia de Fanconi/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos
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