Deciding how many embryos to transfer after in vitro fertilisation: development and pilot test of a decision aid.

OBJECTIVE: When deciding how many embryos to transfer during in vitro fertilisation (IVF), clinicians and patients have to balance optimizing the chance of pregnancy against preventing multiple pregnancies and the associated complications. This paper describes the development and pilot test of a patient decision aid (DA) for this purpose. METHODS: The development of the DA consisted of a literature search, establishment of the format, and a pilot test among IVF patients. The DA development was supervised by a panel of experts in the fields of subfertility, obstetrics and DA-research and it was based on the criteria of the International Patient Decision Aid Standards. RESULTS: One Cochrane review and 34 articles were selected for the DA content. The DA presents information in text, summaries, tables, figures and through an interactive worksheet. The DA was reviewed positively and as acceptable for use in clinical practice by patients and professionals. CONCLUSION: The DA was thoroughly developed and is likely to be helpful for the decision-making process for the number of embryos transferred after IVF. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Physicians and researchers can use the DA without restriction in clinical practice or research related to decision-making.

Immobilisation versus immediate mobilisation after intrauterine insemination: randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of 15 minutes of immobilisation versus immediate mobilisation after intrauterine insemination. DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial. Setting One academic teaching hospital and six non-academic teaching hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: Women having intrauterine insemination for unexplained, cervical factor, or male subfertility. INTERVENTIONS: 15 minutes of immobilisation or immediate mobilisation after insemination. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Ongoing pregnancy per couple. RESULTS: 391 couples were randomised; 199 couples were allocated to 15 minutes of immobilisation after intrauterine insemination, and 192 couples were allocated to immediate mobilisation (control). The ongoing pregnancy rate per couple was significantly higher in the immobilisation group than in the control group: 27% (n=54) versus 18% (34); relative risk 1.5, 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 2.2 (crude difference in ongoing pregnancy rates: 9.4%, 1.2% to 17%). Live birth rates were 27% (53) in the immobilisation group and 17% (32) in the control group: relative risk 1.6, 1.1 to 2.4 (crude difference for live birth rates: 10%, 1.8% to 18%). In the immobilisation group, the ongoing pregnancy rates in the first, second, and third treatment cycles were 10%, 10%, and 7%. The corresponding rates in the mobilisation group were 7%, 5%, and 5%. CONCLUSION: In treatment with intrauterine insemination, 15 minutes' immobilisation after insemination is an effective modification. Immobilisation for 15 minutes should be offered to all women treated with intrauterine insemination. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN53294431.