Risk factors for running-related injuries: An umbrella systematic review.

PURPOSE: This umbrella systematic review (SR) of SRs and meta-analysis seeks to comprehensively synthesize existing literature to identify and consolidate the diverse range of risk factors contributing to running-related injuries (RRIs). METHODS: Systematic searches were conducted on June 28, 2023, across Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Library. We included SRs, whether accompanied by meta-analyses or not, that focused on investigating risk factors for RRIs within observational studies. The methodological quality of the SRs was evaluated using the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews II. To assess the extent of overlap across reviews, the corrected covered area metric was calculated. RESULTS: From 1509 records retrieved, 13 SRs were included. The degree of overlap between SRs was low (4%), and quality varied from critically low (n = 8) to low (n = 5). Two hundred seven outcomes assessed in 148 primary studies were identified as being associated with the occurrence of RRIs. The effect sizes of the associations for which risk measures were reported (n = 131) were classified as large (n = 30, 23%), medium (n = 38, 29%), small (n = 48, 37%) or no effect (n = 15, 11%). Running/training characteristics, health and lifestyle factors, along with morphological and biomechanical aspects, exhibit large effect sizes in increasing the risk for RRIs. CONCLUSION: Drawing from the outcomes of the low-quality SRs and associations with large effect sizes, our findings indicate that running/training characteristics and health and lifestyle factors, as well as morphological and biomechanical aspects, are all implicated in elevating the risk of RRIs, emphasizing the multifactorial basis of injury incidence in running. Given the low quality and heterogeneity of SR, individual findings warrant cautious interpretation.

Relationship between Femoroacetabular Impingement and Pubalgia in Professional Soccer Players.

Objective To analyze the relationship between pubalgia and femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in professional athletes of a soccer club, defining the prevalence of these conditions in the sample studied. Methods It is an epidemiological, cross-sectional, and analytical study including 90 professional soccer players active from 2019 to 2021. We accessed the medical records of the subjects to retrieve information from the modified Pre-Competition Medical Assessment (PCMA) protocol, orthopedic physical examination, and anteroposterior pelvic radiographs to assess pubalgia and FAI, respectively. Inclusion criteria were athletes playing in the professional soccer club in the 2019 to 2021 season, who underwent a modified PCMA upon admission, and who signed an informed consent form. Results FAI was highly prevalent (85.6%) in the sample. This prevalence may occur because, in Brazil, people start playing sports early, not always in suitable fields, or with no proper equipment and supervision. In addition, the CAM-type impingement was the most frequent (62.2%). These injuries are related to high-intensity movements, including those associated with soccer. Furthermore, there is no dependency correlation between pubalgia and FAI. FAI was present in only 20% of athletes with pubalgia complaints. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of FAI in professional soccer players in the studied population (85.6%) but with no relationship between FAI and pubalgia.

The practice of physical exercise in the context of cognitive compromise and neuro-muscular interactions in the care of the elderly / Prática do exercício físico no comprometimento cognitivo e intercorrências neuromusculares na atenção ao idoso: uma revisão sistemática

Objective: to investigate the influence of physical exercise in the context of cognitive compromise of the elderly, and the exercise programmes of greater impact in the motor response and neuromuscular adaptations. Method: a systematic review was developed in the Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, LILACS, SPORTDiscus and Embase databases. The PRISMA 2020 checklist and bias risk analysis were applied using the Cochrane handbook scale for the systematic review of interventions (Version 5.1.0). Domains in table 8.5.d. Results: 21 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. The regular practice of physical exercise causes a series of positive neuromuscular adaptations in the elderly. These adaptations are related to increases in muscle mass, strength and power, favouring cognitive and motor capacity. The change in lifestyle of the elderly has a significant impact, and 30% of the ageing process is considered natural and caused by sensory, mental and physical factors and a loss of self-control, but 70% depends absolutely on the individual lifestyle. Conclusion: The present study suggests a programme composed of combined strength, resistance and aerobic exercises. Such exercises cause increases in neurotrophic, vascular and growth factors, as well as promoting cognitive, mood and quality of life improvements during ageing. Thus, the implementation of an exercise programme involving plyometrics and greater intensities of resistance training (equal or greater to 60% of 1-MR) and an adequate and progressive volume (equal or greater to three 30-40-minute sessions per week), appears to promise improved cognitive and psychomotor outcomes in old age (AU).

Objetivo: investigar a influência do exercício físico no comportamento cognitivo dos idosos e os programas de exercícios de maior impacto na resposta motora e adaptações neuromusculares. Método: desenvolveu-se uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, LILACS, SPORTDiscus e Embase. Utilizou-se o PRISMA 2020 e análise de risco de viés através da escala Cochrane handbook para revisões sistemáticas de inter-venções (Versão 5.1.0). Domínios da tabela 8.5.d Resultados: 21 estudos foram incluídos para análise qualitativa. A prática regular de exercício físico desencadeia uma série de adaptações neuromusculares positivas em pessoas idosas. Essas adaptações estão relacionadas ao aumento da massa, força e potência muscular, favorecendo a capa-cidade cognitiva e motora. A mudança no estilo de vida do idoso apontou impacto significativo, e 30% do processo de envelhecimento é considerado natural e causado por fatores sensoriais, mentais, físicos e perda do autocontrole. No entanto, 70% dependem impreterivelmente do estilo de vida individual. Conclusão: O presente estudo sugere um programa composto por exercícios combinados de força, resistência e aeróbicos. Tais exercícios promovem o aumento dos fatores neurotróficos, vascular e de crescimento, além de promover melhorias cognitivas, de humor e qualidade de vida ao envelhecer. Para tanto, a implementação de um programa de exercícios que envolva a plio-metria e um treinamento resistido com intensidades mais altas (igual ou superior a 60% de 1-RM) e um volume adequado e progressivo (igual ou superior a 3 sessões de 30-40 minutos por semana), parece ser promissor aos melhores desfechos cognitivos e psicomotores na terceira idade (AU).

El objetivo: investigar la influencia del ejercicio físico en el comportamiento cognitivo de las personas mayores y los programas de ejercicio con mayor impacto en la respuesta motora y adaptaciones neuromusculares. Método: se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, LILACS, SPORTDiscus y Embase. Se utilizó el PRISMA 2020 y el análisis de riesgo de sesgo mediante la escala del manual Cochrane para revisiones sistemáticas de intervenciones (Versión 5.1.0). Dominios en la tabla 8.5.d Resultados: Se incluyeron 21 estudios para el análisis cualitativo. La práctica regular de ejercicio físico desencadena una serie de adaptaciones neuro-musculares positivas en las personas mayores. Estas adaptaciones están relacionadas con el aumento de la masa muscular, la fuerza y la potencia, favoreciendo la capacidad cognitiva y motora. El cambio en el estilo de vida de los ancianos mostró un impacto significativo, y el 30% del proceso de envejecimiento se considera natural y causado por factores sensoriales, mentales, físicos y pérdida de autocontrol. Sin embargo, el 70% depende absolutamen-te del estilo de vida individual. Conclusión: El presente estudio sugiere un programa compuesto por ejercicios combinados de fuerza, resistencia y aeróbicos. Dichos ejercicios promueven el aumento de factores neurotróficos, vasculares y de crecimiento, además de promover mejoras cognitivas, anímicas y de calidad de vida en el enveje-cimiento. Por lo tanto, la implementación de un programa de ejercicios que involucre ejercicios pliométricos y de fuerza con intensidades más altas (igual o mayor al 60% de 1-RM) y un volumen adecuado y progresivo (igual o mayor a 3 sesiones de 30-40 minutos a la semana) ), parece ser prometedor para mejores resultados cognitivos y psicomotores en la vejez (AU).

Phytonutritional compounds and antioxidant activity of eight new edible flowers.

In the last years, special attention has been given to the nutritional properties of food, and the edible flowers (EFs) represent an uncommon fresh product to characterise, with the aim to explore new species with peculiar aesthetic and the aromatic features. This work investigated some nutritional properties of eight new EFs, such as Begonia boliviensis A.DC. (pink and white varieties), Dahlia pinnata Cav., Salvia farinacea Benth., S. × jamensis J.Compton, S. 'Purple Queen' Tulbaghia simmleri Beauv. 'Alba', T. violacea Harv. 'Alba', chosen for their different colours and corolla morphologies. Primary and secondary metabolites have been determined. The highest protein content was found in T. violacea 'Alba' and D. pinnata. The Salvia species showed the highest soluble sugar content. The two Tulbaghia species were notable for hexose and ascorbic acid content. D. pinnata showed the highest polyphenols, flavonoids and carotenoid content, with the highest antiradical activity.

Comparative Analysis of the Tibial Component Migration After Cemented and Uncemented Total Knee Arthroplasty with a Hydroxyapatite Coating in Two, Five, and Ten Years: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective This study evaluated and compared the tibial component migration in cemented and uncemented total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with no hydroxyapatite coating 2, 5, and 10 years after surgery. Methods This meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) based on PubMed and MeSH database queries from June to July 2022. Results The meta-analysis included eight randomized clinical studies evaluating 668 knees undergoing TKA. The maximum total point motion (MTPM) in cemented TKAs was higher in 5 years, with a mean value of 0.67 mm (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52 to 0.87). Uncemented TKAs also presented higher mean MTPM in 5 years (1 mm; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.22). Uncemented coated ATKs had a higher mean MTPM in 10 years (1.30 mm; 95% CI, 0.70 to 2.39). MTPM was statistically similar in the short- and long-term for cemented and uncemented techniques, with a standardized mean difference of -0.65 (95% CI, -1.65 to 0.35). Conclusion Tibial component migration in TKA was statistically similar at 2, 5, and 10 years in cemented and uncemented techniques, either with or without coating. However, due to the scarce literature, further studies are required with a longer follow-up time.

Orthopaedic trauma residency programs: Perspectives from different countries across the world.

The ability to manage the myriad of musculoskeletal conditions successfully requires multiple years of training. Access to and completion of orthopaedic surgical training entails an often grueling, highly regulated path to certification to practice. Although the world is more connected than ever, the question is whether the local certification criteria for medical specialists leads to a generic residency program and a similar training in all countries. This report from eight nations on five continents details the distinctive features of that training, including the number of positions available, the examinations required, the gender distribution of residents, and available possibilities once the residence period is complete. This analysis shows a wide variation in the orthopaedic trauma training program worldwide, with emphasis on different skills per country.

Comparative Analysis of the Tibial Component Migration After Cemented and Uncemented Total Knee Arthroplasty with a Hydroxyapatite Coating in Two, Five, and Ten Years: A Meta-Analysis / Análise comparativa da migração do componente tibial da artroplastia total do joelho cimentada versus não cimentada versus não cimentada com revestimento de hidroxapatita por dois, cinco e dez anos: uma metanálise

Abstract Objective This study evaluated and compared the tibial component migration in cemented and uncemented total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with no hydroxyapatite coating 2, 5, and 10 years after surgery. Methods This meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) based on PubMed and MeSH database queries from June to July 2022. Results The meta-analysis included eight randomized clinical studies evaluating 668 knees undergoing TKA. The maximum total point motion (MTPM) in cemented TKAs was higher in 5 years, with a mean value of 0.67 mm (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52 to 0.87). Uncemented TKAs also presented higher mean MTPM in 5 years (1 mm; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.22). Uncemented coated ATKs had a higher mean MTPM in 10 years (1.30 mm; 95% CI, 0.70 to 2.39). MTPM was statistically similar in the short- and long-term for cemented and uncemented techniques, with a standardized mean difference of -0.65 (95% CI, -1.65 to 0.35). Conclusion Tibial component migration in TKA was statistically similar at 2, 5, and 10 years in cemented and uncemented techniques, either with or without coating. However, due to the scarce literature, further studies are required with a longer follow-up time.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar e comparar a migração obtida pelo componente tibial na Artroplastia Total de Joelho (ATJ) cimentada, não cimentada sem revestimento e não cimentada com revestimento de hidroxapatita aos 2, 5 e 10 anos pós operatório. Métodos Esta metanálise foi conduzida de acordo com o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Foi realizada busca a partir das bases de dados PubMed e MeSH no período de junho a julho de 2022. Resultados Oito ensaios clínicos randomizados foram incluídos. Um total de 668 joelhos submetidos a ATJ foram avaliados. Observou-se que a média de Maximun Total Point Motion (MTPM) nas ATJ cimentada foi maior em experimentos com cinco anos com média de 0,67 mm (IC95% - 0,52 a 0,87), as ATJ não cimentadas com revestimento de hidroxapatita também obtiveram maior média neste período (1mm; IC95% - 0,82 a 1,22). Em ATJ não cimentada sem revestimento o maior MTPM médio ocorreu no período de 10 anos (1,30mm; IC95% - 0,70 a 2,39). O MTPM foi estatisticamente semelhante no curto e longo prazo ao comparar as técnicas cimentada e não cimentada, com diferença média padronizada -0,65 (IC95%, -1,65 a 0,35). Conclusão A migração obtida pelo componente tibial na artroplastia total de joelho (ATJ) foi estatisticamente semelhante em 2, 5 e 10 anos ao comparar as técnicas cimentada e não cimentada (com e sem revestimento). Entretanto, devido ao pequeno número de artigos existentes, são necessários mais estudos clínicos sobre tais técnicas e com maior tempo de acompanhamento.

Compliance with Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol recommendations for bariatric surgery in an obesity treatment center

Abstract Introduction The higher risk of perioperative complications associated with obesity has made anesthesiologists increasingly concerned with the management of obese patients. Measures that improve bariatric surgery patient safety have become essential. The implementation of ERAS protocols in several surgical specialties has made it possible to achieve appropriate outcomes as to surgery safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient compliance with the recommendations of an ERAS protocol for Bariatric Surgery (ERABS) at a hospital specialized in obesity treatment. Methods Cross-sectional study, using a medical record database, in a hospital certified as an International Center of Excellence in Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery. The definition of the variables to be assessed was based on the most recent ERABS proposed by Thorell et al. Results were analyzed using descriptive epidemiology. Results The study evaluated all patients undergoing bariatric surgery in 2019. Mean compliance with the recommendations per participant was 42.8%, with a maximum of 55.5%, and was distributed as follows: 22.6% of compliance with preoperative recommendations, 60% to intraoperative recommendations, and 58.1% to postoperative recommendations. The anesthesiologist is the professional who provides most measures for the perioperative optimization of bariatric surgery patients. In our study we found that anesthesiologists complied with only 39.5% of ERABS recommendations. Conclusions Mean compliance with ERABS recommendations per participant was 42.8%. Considering that the study was carried out at a hospital certified as an international center of excellence, the need for introducing improvements in the care of patients to be submitted to bariatric surgery is evident.

Compliance with Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol recommendations for bariatric surgery in an obesity treatment center.

INTRODUCTION: The higher risk of perioperative complications associated with obesity has made anesthesiologists increasingly concerned with the management of obese patients. Measures that improve bariatric surgery patient safety have become essential. The implementation of ERAS protocols in several surgical specialties has made it possible to achieve appropriate outcomes as to surgery safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient compliance with the recommendations of an ERAS protocol for Bariatric Surgery (ERABS) at a hospital specialized in obesity treatment. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, using a medical record database, in a hospital certified as an International Center of Excellence in Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery. The definition of the variables to be assessed was based on the most recent ERABS proposed by Thorell et al. Results were analyzed using descriptive epidemiology. RESULTS: The study evaluated all patients undergoing bariatric surgery in 2019. Mean compliance with the recommendations per participant was 42.8%, with a maximum of 55.5%, and was distributed as follows: 22.6% of compliance with preoperative recommendations, 60% to intraoperative recommendations, and 58.1% to postoperative recommendations. The anesthesiologist is the professional who provides most measures for the perioperative optimization of bariatric surgery patients. In our study we found that anesthesiologists complied with only 39.5% of ERABS recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: Mean compliance with ERABS recommendations per participant was 42.8%. Considering that the study was carried out at a hospital certified as an international center of excellence, the need for introducing improvements in the care of patients to be submitted to bariatric surgery is evident.

Relationship between Femoroacetabular Impingement and Pubalgia in Professional Soccer Players / Relação do impacto femoroacetabular e pubalgia em jogadores profissionais de futebol de campo

Abstract Objective To analyze the relationship between pubalgia and femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in professional athletes of a soccer club, defining the prevalence of these conditions in the sample studied. Methods It is an epidemiological, cross-sectional, and analytical study including 90 professional soccer players active from 2019 to 2021. We accessed the medical records of the subjects to retrieve information from the modified Pre-Competition Medical Assessment (PCMA) protocol, orthopedic physical examination, and anteroposterior pelvic radiographs to assess pubalgia and FAI, respectively. Inclusion criteria were athletes playing in the professional soccer club in the 2019 to 2021 season, who underwent a modified PCMA upon admission, and who signed an informed consent form. Results FAI was highly prevalent (85.6%) in the sample. This prevalence may occur because, in Brazil, people start playing sports early, not always in suitable fields, or with no proper equipment and supervision. In addition, the CAM-type impingement was the most frequent (62.2%). These injuries are related to high-intensity movements, including those associated with soccer. Furthermore, there is no dependency correlation between pubalgia and FAI. FAI was present in only 20% of athletes with pubalgia complaints. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of FAI in professional soccer players in the studied population (85.6%) but with no relationship between FAI and pubalgia.

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a relação entre a pubalgia e o impacto femoroacetabular (IFA) em atletas profissionais de um clube de futebol, definindo a prevalência de pubalgia e de impacto femoroacetabular na casuística estudada. Métodos É um estudo epidemiológico, transversal e analítico. Foram selecionados 90 atletas profissionais de futebol atuantes no período de 2019-2021. Foram acessados os prontuários para obtenção do protocolo PCMA modificado, além de exame físico ortopédico e de radiografias da bacia com incidência anteroposterior para avaliação de pubalgia e IFA, respectivamente. Critérios de Inclusão: Atletas que atuaram no clube de futebol de campo profissional na temporada de 2019 a 2021, que foram submetidos a aplicação do PCMA modificado na admissão e que assinaram o TCLE. Resultados O IFA apresentou elevada prevalência na amostra (85.6%), o que pode ocorrer pois, no Brasil, os jovens iniciam a prática esportiva em idade muito precoce, além do fato de os jogadores nem sempre praticarem o esporte em campos adequados ou com equipamentos e supervisão adequada. Ademais, o impacto tipo CAM foi o mais frequente (62.2%). O surgimento dessas lesões é relacionado a movimentos de alta intensidade, como os vistos no futebol. Outrossim, observou-se que não há correlação de dependência entre a pubalgia e o IFA. Foi visto que o IFA estava presente em apenas 20% dos atletas queixosos de pubalgia. Conclusão Há elevada prevalência de IFA em atletas de futebol profissional na população estudada (85.6%) e não houve relação entre o IFA e a presença de pubalgia.

Produção cientifica sobre natação em língua portuguesa: uma análise bibliométrica / Scientific production on swimming in Portuguese language: a bibliometric analysis / Producción científica sobre natación en lengua portuguesa: un análisis bibliométrico

RESUMO O estudo analisou a produção científica sobre natação em língua portuguesa por meio da bibliometria. A busca ocorreu nas bases Scientific Electronic Library Online, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Scopus, desde seu início até setembro de 2022. Duzentos e trinta e dois artigos completos foram incluídos. A produção aumentou consideravelmente nas duas últimas décadas, sendo predominantemente concentrada nas regiões Sudeste e Sul, em periódicos A2 a B2 do Qualis-CAPES 2013-2016. Biomecânica e fisiologia foram as áreas mais estudadas. A maior parte dos estudos é de natureza quantitativa, observacional e transversal, direcionados à população adolescente e atleta. A quantidade e variedade de estudos demonstra o interesse da comunidade científica em investigar aspectos relacionados à natação.

ABSTRACT This study analyzed the scientific production on swimming in Portuguese through bibliometrics. Scientific Electronic Library Online, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde and Scopus databases were searched from their inception until September 2022. Two hundred and thirty-two studies were included. Scientific production increased considerably in the last two decades, being mainly concentrated in the Southeast and South regions, in journals classified as A2 to B2 in the Qualis-CAPES 2013-2016. Biomechanics and physiology were the most studied areas. Most studies are of a quantitative, observational, and cross-sectional nature, and included adolescent and athlete populations. The quantity and variety of studies demonstrates the interest in investigating aspects related to swimming.

RESUMEN El estudio analizó la producción científica sobre natación en portugués a través de la bibliometría. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases Scientific Electronic Library Online, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde y Scopus, desde su inicio hasta septiembre de 2022. Se incluyeron 232 artículos completos. La producción aumentó considerablemente en las últimas dos décadas y predomino en las regiones Sudeste y Sur, en las revistas A2 a B2 de Qualis-CAPES 2013-2016. Biomecánica y fisiología fueron las áreas más estudiadas. La mayoría de los estudios son cuantitativos, observacionales y transversales, dirigidos a la población adolescente y deportista. La cantidad y variedad de estudios demuestra el interés de la comunidad científica por investigar aspectos relacionados con la natación.

Efeito crônico do treinamento resistido sobre a pressão arterial: uma revisão sistemática e metanálise de ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados / Chronic effect of resistance training on blood pressure: a systematic review and metanalysis of randomized controlled clinical trials

Este estudo tem como objetivo comparar e discutir, a partir de estudos científicos publicados, o efeito crônico do treinamento resistido sobre a pressão arterial. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados. A busca dos artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados SciELO, PubMed e Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde. Foram selecionados artigos publicados a partir de 2015, com avaliação da pressão arterial antes e após um período de treinamento resistido e com um grupo controle. Nos 18 estudos selecionados, 551 participantes foram identificados, incluindo idosos, obesos, hipertensos, diabéticos, indivíduos com síndrome metabólica e indivíduos saudáveis, com idade média variando entre 15,4 e 87,7 anos. A maioria dos estudos selecionados realizou uma intervenção de treinamento resistido com exercícios dinâmicos tradicionais para membros inferiores e superiores, com duração de 12 semanas e frequência de 3 vezes por semana. O volume de treinamento apresentado nos estudos variou entre 1 e 5 séries de 3 a 20 repetições por exercício. A intensidade foi apresentada em percentual de uma repetição máxima, percentual de 10 repetições máximas, repetições máximas e percepção subjetiva de esforço. O intervalo de descanso entre os exercícios variou entre 30 e 180 segundos. A metanálise indicou que o treinamento resistido reduziu significativamente a pressão arterial sistólica em -3,38 mmHg ([IC 95% = -5,82; -0,95] p < 0,01; I² = 76%) e a pressão arterial diastólica em -1,95 mmHg ([IC 95% = -3,12; -0,78] p < 0,01; I² = 58%). De acordo com os resultados desta revisão, o treinamento resistido sozinho é mais efetivo em reduzir a pressão arterial de repouso do que o não treinamento, principalmente pressão arterial sistólica; com maior redução em idosos, pré-hipertensos e hipertensos. Sendo assim, o treinamento resistido pode ser um método a ser indicado na prevenção e tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica.(AU)

This study aims to compare and discuss, based on published scientific studies, the chronic effect of resistance training on blood pressure. A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials was performed. The search for articles was carried out in the SciELO, PubMed and Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde databases. Articles published from 2015 onwards, with blood pressure assessment before and after a period of resistance training and with a control group, were selected. In the 18 selected studies, 551 participants were identified, including the elderly, obese, hypertensive, diabetics, subjects with metabolic syndrome and healthy subjects, with a mean age ranging between 15,4 and 87,7 years. Most of the selected studies carried out a resistance training intervention with traditional dynamic exercises for lower and upper limbs, lasting 12 weeks and frequency of 3 times a week. The volume of training presented in the studies varied between 1 and 5 sets of 3 to 20 repetitions per exercise. The intensity was presented as a percentage of a maximum repetition, a percentage of 10 maximum repetitions, maximum repetitions and perceived exertion. The rest interval between exercises varied between 30 and 180 seconds. The metaanalysis indicated that resistance training significantly reduced systolic blood pressure by -3,38 mmHg ([95% CI = -5,82; -0,95] p <0,01; I² = 76%) and blood pressure diastolic at -1,95 mmHg ([95% CI = -3,12; -0,78] p <0,01; I² = 58%). According to the results of this review, resistance training alone is more effective in reducing resting blood pressure than non-training, especially systolic blood pressure; with greater reduction in elderly, pre-hypertensive and hypertensive subjects. Therefore, resistance training can be a method to be indicated in the prevention and treatment of systemic arterial hypertension.(AU)

Avaliação de ansiedade e depressão pré-operatória nas cirurgias realizadas em um ospital do Sul de Santa Catarina / Evaluation of preoperative anxiety and depression in surgeries performed at a hospital in South of Santa Catarina

Introdução: O estresse do período pré-operatório pode ser capaz de aumentar os níveis de ansiedade e depressão. Essas patologias provocam uma liberação de mediadores que prejudicam a anestesia, cirurgia e recuperação pós-operatória. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de ansiedade e depressão no pré-operatório em pacientes internados que foram submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos realizados em um hospital do sul de Santa Catarina. Métodos: O presente estudo analisou 279 indivíduos que se encontravam internados, que iriam realizar procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos e procurou identificar a prevalência destas patologias utilizando a escala HADS e um questionário de perfil sociodemográfico. Resultados: Evidenciou-se uma prevalência de 35,1% de ansiedade e 23,3% de depressão. Foi observado um predomínio dessas patologias em pacientes do sexo feminino (p=0,004 para ansiedade e p=0,012 para depressão) e indivíduos que faziam uso de medicamentos ansiolíticos. Também se constatou maiores índices de depressão em pacientes com experiência cirúrgica prévia, história de tabagismo e com 8 anos ou menos de estudo. Conclusão: Houve uma prevalência de 35,1% de ansiedade e 23,3% de depressão no período pré-operatório, sendo ambas mais comuns em mulheres. Com estes dados, torna-se recomendado a utilização de medidas para prevenção e tratamento desses distúrbios, objetivando uma maior segurança no peri e pós-operatório.

Background: Preoperative stress may be able to increase levels of anxiety and depression. These pathologies cause a release of mediators that impair the anesthesia, surgery and postoperative recovery. Objective: To verify the prevalence of preoperative anxiety and depression in hospitalized patients who performed elective surgical procedures at a hospital in south of Santa Catarina. Methods: The present study analyzed 279 individuals who were hospitalized, who would perform elective surgical procedures and sought to identify the prevalence of these pathologies using the HADS scale and a sociodemographic profile questionnaire. Results: It was found a prevalence of 35,1% of anxiety and 23,3% of depression. It was observed a predominance of these pathologies in female patients (p=0,004 for anxiety and p=0,012 for depression) and individuals who were users of anxiolytic drugs. It was also found higher rates of depression in patients with previous surgical experience, smoking history and with 8 years or less of study. Conclusion: There was a prevalence of 35,1% of anxiety and 23,3% of depression in the preoperative period, both being more common in women. With this data, it is recommended to take measures for prevention and treatment of these disorders, aiming for more safety in the perioperative and postoperative period.

Frequência de via aérea difícil em pacientes submetidos à anestesia geral em um hospital do Sul de Santa Catarina / Frequency of difficult airway tract in pacients submitted to general anesthesia in South Santa Catarina hospital

Justificativa e Objetivos: Avaliar via aérea difícil nos pacientes submetidos à ventilação e intubação orotraqueal sob anestesia geral para operações eletivas. Método: Estudo observacional com desenho transversal. Foram estudados um total de 163 pacientes, de 18 a 80 anos submetidos à ventilação sob máscara facial e intubação traqueal em operações com uso de anestesia geral. Os dados foram coletados na consulta pré-anestésica através de questionário que continha os parâmetros antropométricos e clínicos para intubação difícil. Resultados e Conclusões: Foram investigados 163 pacientes. Houve a presença de via aérea difícil em 19% dos pacientes, e a grande maioria não teve complicações. Ainda, houve uma maior frequência de via aérea difícil em pacientes com maior IMC e maior circunferência cervical, sendo ambos estatisticamente significativos. Foi observado também que quanto maior a classe do Mallampati maior a prevalência de encontrar-se uma classe maior que três na classificação de Cormack e Lehane, assim como maior a chance de se ter uma via aérea difícil, sendo significativo. Por fim, a prevalência de via aérea difícil encontrada é baixa, e quando presente geralmente está relacionado com fatores que podem ser prevenidos. As classificações quando utilizadas juntas tem maior chance de prever a via aérea difícil.

Rationale and Objectives: To evaluate difficult airway in patients submitted to ventilation and orotracheal intubation under general anesthesia for elective operations. Method: Observational study with cross-sectional design. A total of 163 patients, 18 to 80 years old undergoing ventilation under face mask and tracheal intubation in operations using general anesthesia were studied. The data were collected in the pre-anesthetic consultation through a questionnaire that contained the anthropometric and clinical parameters for difficult intubation. Results and Conclusions: 163 patients were investigated. There was a difficult airway presence in 19% of the patients, and the vast majority had no complications. Also, there was a higher frequency of difficult airway in patients with higher BMI and greater cervical circumference, both of which were statistically significant. It was also observed that the higher the Mallampati class the higher the prevalence of finding a class higher than three in the classification of Cormack and Lehane, as well as the greater the chance of having a difficult airway, being significant. Finally, the prevalence of difficult airways found is low, and when present geographically it is related to factors that can be prevented. Classifications when used together have a greater chance of predicting difficult airway.

Description of a minimally invasive technique with a modified instrument for the osteosynthesis of proximal femoral fractures using the standard DHS and case series.

INTRODUCTION: the number of hip fractures is estimated to increase from 1.66 million in 1990 to 6.26 million by 2050. Internal fixation is the most common surgical treatment for intertrochanteric fractures. OBJECTIVES: the objective of the present research is to describe a minimally invasive technique with a modified instrument for the treatment of stable proximal femoral trochanteric fractures using the standard DHS, classified as Tronzo types 1 and 2 (AO 31A1.2), and presenting a case series. METHODS: a case was selected to present the technique. Patients operated by this technique undergo a clinical evaluation and preoperative preparation as routine. The criteria for inclusion in the study were the presence of stable fracture of the proximal femur verified by two hip specialist orthopedists, and operated by the minimally invasive technique with a modified instrument using a standard DHS. Exclusion criteria were cases of patients operated for unstable fractures, and the use of other surgical techniques. A case series of 98 patients was performed and discussed. RESULTS: minimally invasive technique with a modified instrument using the standard DHS device can reduce bleeding, it decreases soft tissue injuries, surgical time, and hospital stay, as any other MIPO procedures. Ninety-eight patients underwent the operation (Tronzo types I and II), 59 female and 39 male, ages from 50 to 85 years old. Immediate post-operative complications were shortening of the lower limb, loss of fracture reduction, and death by clinical complications. CONCLUSION: the present study describes a minimally invasive surgical technique using a modified instrument to perform proximal femoral osteosynthesis for stable trochanteric fractures, using the standard DHS.

Description of a minimally invasive technique with a modified instrument for the osteosynthesis of proximal femoral fractures using the standard DHS and case series / Osteossíntese de fraturas do fêmur proximal minimamente invasiva com um instrumento modificado usando o DHS padrão: descrição de técnica e série de casos

ABSTRACT Introduction: the number of hip fractures is estimated to increase from 1.66 million in 1990 to 6.26 million by 2050. Internal fixation is the most common surgical treatment for intertrochanteric fractures. Objectives: the objective of the present research is to describe a minimally invasive technique with a modified instrument for the treatment of stable proximal femoral trochanteric fractures using the standard DHS, classified as Tronzo types 1 and 2 (AO 31A1.2), and presenting a case series. Methods: a case was selected to present the technique. Patients operated by this technique undergo a clinical evaluation and preoperative preparation as routine. The criteria for inclusion in the study were the presence of stable fracture of the proximal femur verified by two hip specialist orthopedists, and operated by the minimally invasive technique with a modified instrument using a standard DHS. Exclusion criteria were cases of patients operated for unstable fractures, and the use of other surgical techniques. A case series of 98 patients was performed and discussed. Results: minimally invasive technique with a modified instrument using the standard DHS device can reduce bleeding, it decreases soft tissue injuries, surgical time, and hospital stay, as any other MIPO procedures. Ninety-eight patients underwent the operation (Tronzo types I and II), 59 female and 39 male, ages from 50 to 85 years old. Immediate post-operative complications were shortening of the lower limb, loss of fracture reduction, and death by clinical complications. Conclusion: the present study describes a minimally invasive surgical technique using a modified instrument to perform proximal femoral osteosynthesis for stable trochanteric fractures, using the standard DHS.

RESUMO Introdução: estima-se que o número de fraturas de quadril aumente de 1,66 milhão em 1990 para 6,26 milhões em 2050. A fixação interna é o tratamento cirúrgico mais comumente utilizado para as fraturas intertrocantéricas. Objetivos: o objetivo da presente investigação é descrever uma técnica minimamente invasiva com um instrumento modificado para o tratamento de fraturas trocantéricas femorais proximais estáveis, classificadas como tipos I e II de Tronzo (AO 31A1.2), usando o DHS padrão, e apresentar uma série de casos. Métodos: foi selecionado um caso aleatório para apresentar a técnica. Os pacientes operados por essa técnica passam por avaliação clínica e preparo pré-operatório de rotina. Os critérios para inclusão no estudo foram a presença de fratura estável do fêmur proximal, verificada por dois ortopedistas especialistas em quadril, e operada pela técnica minimamente invasiva com um instrumento modificado usando um DHS padrão. Os critérios de exclusão foram os casos de pacientes operados por fraturas instáveis e o uso de outras técnicas cirúrgicas. Uma série de casos de 98 pacientes foi realizada e é discutida. Resultados: a técnica minimamente invasiva com o instrumento modificado usando o dispositivo DHS padrão pode reduzir a hemorragia, as lesões dos tecidos moles, o tempo cirúrgico e a estadia hospitalar, tal como quaisquer outros procedimentos de osteossíntese minimamente invasivos. Noventa e oito pacientes foram operados (tipos I e II de Tronzo), 59 do sexo feminino e 39 do masculino, com idades entre 50 e 85 anos. As complicações pós-operatórias imediatas foram encurtamento do membro inferior, perda da redução da fratura e morte por complicações clínicas. Conclusão: o presente estudo descreve uma técnica cirúrgica minimamente invasiva, utilizando um instrumento modificado para realizar osteossíntese femoral proximal para fraturas trocantéricas estáveis, utilizando o DHS padrão.

Complicações pós-operatórias imediatas na SRPA em um hospital geral do sul de Santa Catarina / Immediate postoperative complications in the SRPA ia general hospital do sul de Santa Catarina

Introdução: Apesar de haver rigorosas determinações para avaliação pré-anestésica do paciente cirúrgico, bem como cuidados no transoperatório e no pós-operatório, ainda se verifica a permanência de complicações pós-operatórias. Objetivo: Identificar complicações pós-operatórias imediatas ocorridas na Sala de Recuperação Pós-Anestésica (SRPA) em um Hospital Geral do Sul de Santa Catarina. Métodos: Estudo transversal que incluiu pacientes submetidos à anestesia geral em cirurgias eletivas e de urgência. Foram coletados dados acerca do perfil do paciente e do procedimento cirúrgico. Também foram registrados dados dos monitores cardíacos à beira leito do paciente, assim como temperatura axilar, frequência cardíaca e saturação de oxigênio. Prontuários médicos foram revisados. Foram considerados como complicação os sintomas referidos pelo paciente no momento de aplicação do questionário, além de distúrbios da temperatura corporal, da frequência cardíaca ou da saturação de oxigênio. Resultados: Considerando os 350 pacientes incluídos no estudo, a prevalência de complicações pós-operatórias imediatas foi de 74,0%. A complicação mais comum verificada foi dor no local cirúrgico (56,9%), seguido de tontura (21,4%). A maioria dos pacientes apresentou apenas uma complicação (47,9%), sendo que apenas um paciente (0,4%) apresentou seis complicações. Houve uma tendência de associação entre o tipo de cirurgia e a ocorrência de complicações (p=0,059), e houve associação estatisticamente significante entre tipo de anestesia e a ocorrência de complicações (p<0,001). Conclusão: Houve incidência de 74,0% de complicações pós-operatórias, e a dor de fraca intensidade foi a complicação mais comum. Estes dados permitem conhecimento mais abrangente pelos anestesiologistas das principais complicações pós-operatórias, possibilitando condutas mais direcionadas às complicações que são mais comuns entre os pacientes.

Background: Although there are rigorous determinations for pre-anesthetic evaluation of the surgical patient, as well as transoperative and postoperative care, the permanence of postoperative complications is still verified. Objective: To identify immediate postoperative complications occurred in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) at a General Hospital in the South of Santa Catarina. Methods: Cross-section study with patients undergoing general anesthesia in elective and emergency surgeries. Data on patients' profile and their surgical procedure were collected. Cardiac monitors data at the patients' bedside were also registered, as well as the axillary temperature, heart rate and oxygen saturation. The medical records were reviewed. Another symptoms reported by the patient at the time of the application of the questionnaire were considered as complications, besides the body temperature, heart rate and oxygen saturation. Results: Considering the 350 patients included in the study, the prevalence of immediate postoperative complications was 74.0%. The most common complication verified was pain at the surgical site (56.9%), followed by dizziness (21.4%). The majority of patients presented only one complication (47.9%), and just one (0.4%) had six complications. There was a tendency of association between the type of surgery and the occurrence of complications (p = 0.059), and there was a statistically significant association between the type of anesthesia and the occurrence of complications (p <0.001). Conclusion: There was an incidence of 74.0% of postoperative complications, and the pain of low intensity was the most common complication. These data allow a more comprehensive knowledge of the main prostoperative complications by the anesthesiologists, enabling more directed conducts to the complications that are more common among the patients.

Antibiotic Activity Potentiation and Physicochemical Characterization of the Fixed Orbignya speciosa Almond Oil against MDR Staphylococcus aureus and Other Bacteria.

Orbignya speciosa (babassu) is an important palm tree in Brazil whose fixed almond oil is used in popular medicine and especially in food, in addition to being a research target for the manufacture of biofuels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fixed almond oil physicochemical characterization and its antibacterial activity in isolation and in association with aminoglycosides against standard and multidrug-resistant bacteria. Analyses such as water content, pH, acidity, peroxide index, relative density, and refractive index indicate the stability and chemical quality of the oil. In the oil's GC/MS chemical composition analysis, a high saturated fatty acid (76.90%) content was observed. Lauric acid (56.28%) and oleic acid (23.10%) were the major oil components. In the antibacterial test, a more significant oil activity was observed against K. pneumoniae KP-ATCC 10031 (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 406.37 µg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 (MIC = 812.75 µg/mL), but for the other strains-including standard and multi-resistant strains-the oil presented an MIC ≥ 1024 µg/mL. Furthermore, a synergistic effect was observed when the oil was associated with amikacin and gentamicin against S. aureus (SA-10) and an antagonistic effect was observed with amikacin against Escherichia coli. Data indicate the O. speciosa oil as a valuable nutritional source of lauric, oleic, and myristic fatty acids with an ability to modulate aminoglycoside activity.

Antioxidative effect and phytochemical profile of natural products from the fruits of "babaçu" (Orbignia speciose) and "buriti" (Mauritia flexuosa).

Orbignya speciosa and Mauritia flexuosa are two native palm tree species found in Brazil. Their fruits are rich in edible fixed oils, which are used for many purposes in industry, such as in the manufacture of soaps, surfactants and margarines. The aim of this work was to characterize the chemical profiles and antioxidant properties of the methanol extracts obtained from the fruits of O. speciosa and M. flexuosa. The chemical prospection was carried out using specific qualitative tests to evaluate the presence of phenolic compounds (tannins and flavonoids) in the extracts of both species. The antioxidant properties of the extracts were analyzed by the following methods: production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) from phospholipids, deoxyribose degradation, radical-scavenging activity-DPPH, iron chelation assay and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The methanolic extracts obtained from M. flexuosa and O. speciosa presented significant antioxidant activities, although M. flexuosa presented higher antioxidant activity than O. speciosa. In conclusion, M. flexuosa and O. speciosa are important sources of antioxidant substances that may be useful in the development of new products to prevent diseases associated with oxidative stress.