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1.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32485917

RESUMO

Of the five nerves that innervate the foot, the one in which anesthetic blocking presents the greatest difficulty is the tibial nerve. The aim of this clinical trial was to establish a protocol for two tibial nerve block anesthetic techniques to later compare the anesthetic efficiency of retromalleolar blocking and supramalleolar blocking in order to ascertain whether the supramalleolar approach achieved a higher effective blocking rate. A total of 110 tibial nerve blocks were performed. Location of the injection site was based on a prior ultrasound assessment of the tibial nerve. The block administered was 3 mL of 2% mepivacaine. The two anesthetic techniques under study provided very similar clinical results. The tibial nerve success rate was 81.8% for the retromalleolar technique and 78.2% for the supramalleolar technique. No significant differences in absolute latency time (p = 0.287), percentage of effective nerve blocks (p = 0.634), anesthetic block duration (p = 0.895), or pain level during puncture (p = 0.847) were found between the two techniques. The greater ease in locating the tibial nerve at the retromalleolar approach could suggest that this is the technique of choice for tibial nerve blocking, especially in the case of professionals new to the field. The supramalleolar technique could be worth considering for those more experienced professionals.


Assuntos
, Bloqueio Nervoso , Nervo Tibial , Feminino , Pé/cirurgia , Humanos , Injeções , Masculino , Ultrassonografia
2.
Menopause ; 25(3): 301-306, 2018 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29040219

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of endurance and high-impact training oriented toward preventing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with calcium and vitamin D supplementation. METHODS: This study was a randomized clinical trial. Thirty-six postmenopausal women were randomized to the control and experimental groups. Thirty-four women completed the 2-year interventions. The control group training involved walking at an intense pace. The experimental group conducted high-impact training specifically oriented to prevent osteoporosis. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to estimate the T-scores of the lumbar spine and femoral neck. RESULTS: The fast-walking group showed constant T-scores in the femoral neck and improved T-scores in the lumbar spine. High-impact exercises produced improvements in both anatomical levels. Significant differences were found in the femoral neck (ΔControl = -0.04, ΔExperimental = 0.28). The differences were not significant in the lumbar spine (ΔControl = 0.27, ΔExperimental = 0.47). Cohen's effect size (d = 0.52) suggested a medium practical significance of the trial. The power was 51%. CONCLUSIONS: Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation combined with specifically oriented exercises had a higher impact in the femoral neck than walking at an intense pace. As there were no differences at the lumbar spine level, the results were, however, inconclusive concerning which type of exercise was the most convenient. Importantly, the fact that the T-scores did not decrease after 2 years supports the belief that both proposed interventions can be conveniently used to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. A trial with a larger sample size would provide consistency to the findings and is warranted given the possible effects and benefits.


Assuntos
Densidade Óssea , Treino Aeróbico/métodos , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/prevenção & controle , Caminhada/fisiologia , Absorciometria de Fóton , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/administração & dosagem , Cálcio da Dieta/administração & dosagem , Cálcio da Dieta/farmacologia , Feminino , Colo do Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Colo do Fêmur/efeitos dos fármacos , Colo do Fêmur/patologia , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Lombares/efeitos dos fármacos , Vértebras Lombares/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/diagnóstico por imagem , Pós-Menopausa , Vitamina D/administração & dosagem , Vitamina D/farmacologia
3.
J Sports Sci ; 32(18): 1712-21, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24823258

RESUMO

Controversy exists whether custom-made insoles are more effective in reducing plantar loading compared to prefabricated insoles. Forty recreational athletes ran using custom-made, prefabricated, and the original insoles of their running shoes, at rest and after a fatigue run. Contact time, stride rate, and plantar loading parameters were measured. Neither the insole conditions nor the fatigue state modified contact time and stride rate. Addressing prevention of running injuries, post-fatigue loading values are of great interest. Custom-made insoles reduced the post-fatigue loading under the hallux (92 vs. 130 kPa, P < 0.05), medial midfoot (70 vs. 105 kPa, P < 0.01), and lateral midfoot (62 vs 96 kPa, P < 0.01). Prefabricated insoles provoked reductions in post-fatigue loading under the toes (120 vs. 175 kPa, P < 0.05), medial midfoot (71 vs. 105 kPa, P < 0.01), and lateral midfoot (68 vs. 96 kPa, P < 0.01). Regarding both study insoles, custom-made insoles reduced by 31% and 54% plantar loading under the medial and lateral heel compared to the prefabricated insoles. Finally, fatigue state did not influence plantar loading regardless the insole condition. In long-distance races, even a slight reduction in plantar loading at each foot strike may suppose a significant decrease in the overall stress experienced by the foot, and therefore the use of insoles may be an important protective mechanism for plantar overloading.


Assuntos
Desenho de Equipamento , , Pressão , Corrida , Sapatos , Equipamentos Esportivos , Estresse Mecânico , Adulto , Traumatismos em Atletas/prevenção & controle , Fadiga , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Descanso
4.
Peu ; 32(2): 14-17, mayo-dic. 2012. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-116108

RESUMO

La patología digital en la mayoría de la población suele centrarse/manifestarse en localizaciones óseas, siendo muy extraño encontrar alteraciones a nivel de las partes blandas. Una localización anatómica como el cuarto dedo no presenta una alta incidencia como motivo frecuente de consulta de nuestros pacientes. Es por ello que cuando esto ocurre necesitamos sistematizar una serie de exploraciones y, por qué no decirlo, protocolos de actuación para llegar a un diagnóstico certero. Por este motivo, el objetivo principal de este trabajo es poner de manifiesto la utilidad clínica, terapéutica y diagnóstica que posee la cirugía exploratoria cuando el resultado de las pruebas complementarias no es satisfactorio o conducen a un error diagnóstico, por ofrecer resultados radicalmente diferentes ante una misma patología (AU)


Digital pathology in most of the population tends to focus / manifest bone locations and is very rare to find alterations in soft tissue. An anatomical location as the fourth finger does not present a high incidence and frequent complaint of our patients. That is why when this happens we need to systematize a series of explorations and, why not say, action protocols to reach an accurate diagnosis. For this reason the main objective of this paper is to demonstrate the clinical usefulness, therapeutics and diagnostics have exploratory surgery when the result of the additional testing is not satisfactory or lead to diagnostic error, to offer to a radically different results same pathology (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Dedos do Pé/patologia , Dedos do Pé/cirurgia , Mepivacaína/uso terapêutico , Edema/cirurgia , Edema , Dedos/patologia , Dedos/cirurgia , Dedos do Pé , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Podiatria/métodos , Podiatria/normas
5.
Peu ; 32(1): 8-13, ene.-abr. 2012. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-115065

RESUMO

Todos los seres vivos se encuentran bajo la influencia de un campo magnético. Por esta afirmación han sido utilizados los dispositivos magnéticos en diversas patologías para aliviar la sintomatología. El objetivo del estudio es realizar una revisión de la literatura publicada acerca del tratamiento de diversas patologías mediante el uso de dispositivos imantados, principalmente el de los soportes plantares. Se diseña una encuesta (N=60) acerca del conocimiento poblacional sobre estos dispositivos. Los resultados obtenidos en las encuestas demuestran un escaso conocimiento de los dispositivos y poca creencia en los mismos. La revisión de la literatura pone de manifiesto que este tipo de tratamiento con imanes posee un gran componente placebo(AU)


All living beings are under the influence of a magnetic field. By this statement the magnetic devices in various pathologies have been used to relieve the symptoms. The objective of the study is to conduct a review of published literature on the treatment of various diseases using magnetic devices, mainly of magnetic insoles. Designing a survey (N = 60) of population knowledge on these devices. The results obtained in the surveys show a little knowledge of devices and little belief in them. The literature review shows that this type of treatment with magnets has a large placebo component(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Imãs/normas , Imãs , Magnetoterapia/normas , Magnetoterapia/tendências , Magnetoterapia , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica/instrumentação , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica/métodos , Magnetismo/métodos , Magnetismo/organização & administração , Efeito Placebo , Magnetoterapia/instrumentação , Magnetoterapia/métodos , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica/tendências , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica , Magnetismo/estatística & dados numéricos , Magnetismo/tendências , 24419
6.
Peu ; 30(4): 167-175, oct.-dic. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-84774

RESUMO

Los retinoides han adquirido con el paso del tiempo la condición de fármaco indispensable en la práctica dermatológica diaria tras la observación de un gran número de resultados efectivos en un amplio abanico de procesos cutáneos como son la psoriasis, el acné y el fotoenvejecimiento. De hecho, los retinoides sistémicos son los fármacos de elección en el tratamiento de los trastornos importantes de la queratinización. Ello se debe al amplio espectro de acción que tienen, el cual a su vez se explica por la gran diversidad de actividades farmacológicas que tienen los retinoides por a los efectos derivados de la acción que ejercen sobre receptores específicos. Estas acciones incluyen, entre otras, la actividad antiinflamatoria y sebolítica, la estimulación de la angiogénesis y la normalización de los desórdenes de queratinización al inducir el crecimiento de una nueva población de queratinocitos de apariencia normal. Estas propiedades tienen una especial acción favorable en una enfermedad crónica de la piel con un alto porcentaje de incidencia en la población que se caracteriza por fenómenos hiperplásicos cutáneos, la psoriasis. Sin embargo, el empleo de retinoides por vía sistémica también conlleva una serie de efectos secundarios que si bien no revisten carácter de gravedad, son a menudo molestos. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo recorrer los distintos efectos biológicos derivados de la interacción de los retinoides con los receptores específicos de localización cutánea que se detectan en el citoplasma de queratinocitos y fibroblastos con el fin de conocer las distintas repercusiones podológicas derivadas del empleo de retinoides sistémicos. Asimismo, se presentan diferentes casos clínicos tratados en la Clínica Podológica Universitaria de la UV que han presentado paroniquia asociada al uso de retinoides por vía sistémica. El manejo y control de estos pacientes ha recorrido desde una anamnesis exhaustiva hasta una exploración clínica de la onicocriptosis derivada, para así poder emitir un diagnóstico certero que ofrezca su exposición y discusión clínica. Con ello se pretende mejorar el manejo clínico y poder ofrecer una terapéutica adecuada en los casos de paroniquia asociada al uso de retinoides por vía sistémica(AU)


Systemic retinoids are a group of chemical compounds that are chemically related to vitamin A. The success of retinoids in dermatology and skin care has made these chemical compounds to be a potential treatment for skin and dermatological diseases such as acne, psoriasis and photoageing. Retinoids work by triggering molecular switches in skin cells called retinoid receptors. These switches affect many intracellular processes including the control of cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and embryonic development. They also affect synthesis and breakdown of proteins and sebum production. All these functions determine their usefulness in clinical dermatology, being effective in the treatment of a number of dermatological conditions such as, inflammatory skin disorders and skin cancer. In fact, retinoids are a key compound in the treatment of psoriasis, a disorder of increased cell turnover. However, their biological activities are usually associated with clinical disadvantages such as toxicity. The following article covers the description of the different biological activities derived from the union of the systemic retinoid with its retinoid receptor in order to study the main repercussions on the feet associated with the use of systemic retinoids. On the other hand, this study shows different clinical cases of paronychia associated with the use of systemic retinoids. We expect this study to help professionals to make an early diagnosis and establish a correct conservative treatment of the nail(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Podiatria/métodos , Doenças do Pé/terapia , Retinoides/efeitos adversos , Acitretina/efeitos adversos , Ceratolíticos/efeitos adversos , Onicomicose/terapia , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar/complicações , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar/diagnóstico , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar/terapia , Guta-Percha/uso terapêutico , Retinoides/administração & dosagem , Onicomicose/reabilitação , Doenças do Pé/diagnóstico , Retinoides/uso terapêutico , Fibroblastos , Psoríase/complicações , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico
7.
Peu ; 29(3): 136-145, jul.-sept. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-81084

RESUMO

El embarazo desencadena diferentes cambiosanatomo-fisiológicos que producen molestias enlas mujeres. Una de estas molestias, muchas vecesinfravalorada o percibida como poco importante,es la molestia en los pies, que se considera inclusocomo “normal” en el embarazo. Por ello el presenteestudio pretende recabar información sobre las preferenciasde las usuarias, las sensaciones de conforty la incidencia de molestias asociadas al uso delcalzado durante el embarazo. Así como describirlos síntomas patológicos relacionados con los piesy el calzado durante el embarazo(AU)


Pregnancy produces different anatomo-physiologicalchanges that produce troubles in women.One of these troubles, often underestimated inits importance, is foot pain, which is consideredas a “normal” consequence of the pregnancy. Thepresent study tries to obtain information about womenpreferences, the sensations of comfort and theincidence of inconveniences associated with the useof the footwear during the pregnancy. Furthermore,it tries to describe the most relevant pathologicalsymptoms relative to the feet and footwear duringthe pregnancy(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/prevenção & controle , Sapatos/efeitos adversos , Podiatria/métodos , Deformidades Adquiridas do Pé/prevenção & controle , Fatores Sexuais
8.
Peu ; 29(2): 69-75, abr.-jun. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-81080

RESUMO

La enfermedad causada por émbolos de cristales decolesterol es una complicación grave y relativamenteinfrecuente de la enfermedad aterosclerótica. Afectageneralmente a varones de edad avanzada con algúnfactor de riesgo vascular y en algunos casos se puederelacionar con un posible factor desencadenante, queprovoca la liberación de cristales de colesterol desdelas placas de ateroma.Las lesiones cutáneas, localizadas principalmente enlos miembros inferiores, se consideran el signo, quecon mayor frecuencia se presenta en la enfermedad eincluso en ocasiones es la forma de presentación. Estehecho, junto con la gran morbimortalidad de esta entidad,pone de manifiesto el importante papel que juegael podólogo en la sospecha clínica y en su diagnóstico.El siguiente artículo tiene como objetivo recorrer lasdistintas manifestaciones cutáneas asociadas a la enfermedadpor embolismos de colesterol, patología que en laactualidad cobra relevancia por el incremento de la casuística.La justificación de este aumento está relacionadacon el incremento de la longevidad, la generalizacióny avance de las técnicas quirúrgicas cardiovasculares, asícomo la actualización de las teorías celulares.Para ello se realiza una descripción detallada de cadauna de estas manifestaciones con el fin de abordarla identificación y diagnóstico precoz de las lesionesobservables dentro del ámbito de la podología paraasí mejorar el manejo clínico y poder ofrecer unaterapéutica adecuada en los casos de enfermedadpor embolismo de cristales de colesterol(AU)


Cholesterol crystal embolism is a serious and relativeinfrequent complication of the atherosclerosisdisease. Old men with any vascular risk factor arethe most affected people.Cutaneous manifestations, which usually are theinitial signs of cholesterol crystal embolism, arefrequently localized in the skin of lower limbs. Thisfact, associated to the high morbimortality rate ofthis pathology, shows the important role that chiropodisthas in its diagnosis.The following article covers the description of thedifferent cutaneous manifestations of the cholesterolcrystal embolism, a relative common diseasenowadays. The increase in its prevalence is due todifferent factors: first of all, the higher populationlongevity; secondly, the advances in cardiovascularsurgical techniques and finally, the cellular theoriesactualization.A detailed description of each cutaneous lesion ismade in order to show the way to recognize thispathology and to improve its early diagnosis as wellas its treatment(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Embolia de Colesterol/etiologia , Aterosclerose/complicações , Podiatria/métodos , Diagnóstico Precoce , Dermatopatias Vasculares/etiologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial
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