RESUMO
We conducted a quantitative analysis of ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA expression in normal human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle in regular menstruating premenopausal women, taking advantage of this real-time PCR assay. Endometrial dating was determined from the histology of the endometrium and classified into: proliferative endometrium and secretory endometrium. Both ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA expression were detected in all endometrial samples at both proliferative and secretion phase. However ERalpha mRNA expression level was higher than that of ERbeta specially during proliferative phase. These results suggest that estrogenic effects occur predominantly through ERalpha than ERbeta.
Assuntos
Endométrio/fisiologia , Ciclo Menstrual/fisiologia , Receptores de Estrogênio/genética , Adulto , Receptor alfa de Estrogênio , Receptor beta de Estrogênio , Feminino , Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Humanos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , RNA Mensageiro/análiseRESUMO
We used real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) to detect wild-type ERalpha and ERbeta and their isoforms as well as exon 5 splicing variant mRNA ERalpha in various types of endometrial hyperplasia in perimenopausal women. Our data suggest that the exon 2 and 7 deletion ERalpha mRNA isoforms are present in endometrial tissue undergoing various hyperplastic states. Wild type ERbeta mRNA and their isoforms 2, 4, 5, 6 were observed in each type of assessed endometrial specimens, and ERalpha/delta5 was found only in hyperplasia complex group.
Assuntos
Processamento Alternativo/genética , Climatério , Hiperplasia Endometrial/fisiopatologia , Receptores de Estrogênio/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Receptor alfa de Estrogênio , Receptor beta de Estrogênio , Éxons/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , RNA Mensageiro/genéticaRESUMO
A high level of the BCL2 protein and the lack of apoptosis promoting protein BAX are beginning to be treated as markers of cellular resistance to anti-neoplastic drugs. The object of the study were specimens from stereotactic biopsy of Astrocytoma fibrillare in the central brain area, inaccessible to conventional surgery. The cytological preparations have been evaluated with histopathological and immunohistochemical methods in order to determine the origin of the tumour and assess cell proliferation activity. The molecular analysis conducted in order to determine the sensitivity of the tumour to radio- or chemotherapy included the determination of the number of mRNA BCL2 alpha and beta molecules and of BAX in 1 microg total RNA obtained from microscope slides. A higher expression of BAX than of BCL2-alpha is a prognosis for a positive result of chemo- or radiotherapy. A trace number of mRNA BCL2-beta molecules and a smaller number of mRNA BCL2-alpha molecules than mRNA BAX is a good prognosis for therapy.
Assuntos
Astrocitoma/fisiopatologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/fisiopatologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/genética , Astrocitoma/patologia , Biópsia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Divisão Celular/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/genética , RNA Mensageiro/análise , Taq Polimerase , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2RESUMO
Colon pathologies involve the activation of a number of inflammation mediators: cytokines, prostanoids and kinines. The expression patterns of the genes associated with their activation may provide a very sensitive marker of the physiological condition of the cells. This paper demonstrates certain statistically significant differences (p = 0.008) between the expression patterns of kinine B1 and B2 receptor encoding genes for colitis ulcerosa and a control group. The ratio of kinine B1/B2 concentrations changes significantly, on the average from 1.3 for a tissue assessed as healthy to 6.6 for colitis ulcerosa.
Assuntos
Colite Ulcerativa/patologia , Receptores da Bradicinina/genética , Colite Ulcerativa/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , RNA Mensageiro/análise , Receptor B1 da Bradicinina , Receptor B2 da Bradicinina , Taq PolimeraseRESUMO
A comparison of the number of mRNA molecules of histone H3 in 1 microg total RNA extracted from colon sections sampled during colonoscopy was used to evaluate cellular proliferation activity in the rectum and sigmoid, in normal tissue and in colitis ulcerosa. Samples with similar intensity of the disease were selected for the study. Statistically significant differences between both groups of rectal sections were found in the expression of histone H3 encoding genes. The statistically significant result (p = 0.0485) indicates a more active division of cells in the healthy rectum, with no statistically significant differences in the sigmoid (p=0.9575).
Assuntos
Colite Ulcerativa/patologia , Histonas/genética , Biomarcadores , Divisão Celular/genética , Colite Ulcerativa/fisiopatologia , Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Taq PolimeraseRESUMO
Between October 1998-August 2000, 65 patients were diagnosed, and underwent stereotactic biopsy of brain lesions. Procedures were performed with the Riechert-Mundinger stereotactic device. The diagnosis was made intra-operatively, by examination of cytological smears. The initial diagnosis was confirmed after H&E, and selective stains, as well as immunohistochemical examinations of paraffin specimens. The method applied makes possible to obtain a reliable, and precise morphological diagnosis in the majority of cases, so that a proper treatment method could be introduced.
Assuntos
Astrocitoma/patologia , Astrocitoma/cirurgia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia , Técnicas Estereotáxicas/instrumentação , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biópsia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de NeoplasiasRESUMO
Immunotherapy is one of the experimental methods used in the treatment of brain tumours. The development of astrocytomas is accompanied by decreased activity of lymphocytes, namely inhibition of mitogen-induced proliferation and decreased cytokine secretion, which is an adverse event in the course of disease. In the present study, astrocytoma cells obtained from human tumours and cocultured with autologous lymphocytes inhibited cytokine secretion by those lymphocytes.
Assuntos
Astrocitoma/metabolismo , Neoplasias Encefálicas/metabolismo , Citocinas/deficiência , Citocinas/metabolismo , Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral/metabolismo , Humanos , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
AIM OF STUDY: To investigate the cause of radicular artery occlusion. METHOD: Fifty specimens of spinal cords were taken at postmortem from individuals in whom no symptoms of spinal cord and spine injuries were present in life. The spinal cord arterial system was filled with colour contrast material and then each radicular antery was studied individually at 5 - 25 operative microscope magnification. RESULTS: Two hundred and fifty two anterior radicular arteries joining the anterior spinal artery and 525 posterior radicular arteries joining the posterior spinal arteries were examined. There were five obstructed vessels: four were anterior radicular arteries including the artery of Adamkiewicz and one of the initial branches of the spinal artery originating from the vertebral artery. CONCLUSIONS: As the presented examples show, the formation of a fully efficient collateral circulation is possible.
Assuntos
Arteriopatias Oclusivas/patologia , Medula Espinal/irrigação sanguínea , Medula Espinal/patologia , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Arteriopatias Oclusivas/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medula Espinal/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Gastrectomy (GX) was carried out in the male rat according to the Longmire and the Roux-en-Y procedure. The focus of the postoperative investigations was to evaluate the influence of post-GX morphological changes occurring at the site of two types of end-to-end esophagojejunal anastomosis (with and without invagination), in particular food intake, body weight gain, food efficiency, hematocrit and bone density. GX failed to alter food intake, fasting blood glucose, alpha-amino nitrogen, or free fatty acids, but led to uniformly decreased body weight, food efficiency and serum gastrin, and increased serum osteocalcin, indicating high turnover osteopenia. However, irrespective of the type of (digestive tract) reconstruction (Longmire or Roux-en-Y), the invagination anastomosis was associated with lower mortality, fewer complications, less early postoperative weight loss, less intensive tissue changes at the anastomotic site, and improvement of bone density and hematocrit. Bivariate and multivariate regression analysis revealed that bone density was negatively influenced by epithelial hyperplasia of the anastomotic tissue, while hematocrit was positively influenced by bone density. In contrast, food intake appeared to have no influence. It was concluded that (1) the histological status of the esophagointestinal anastomosis varies depending on the surgical technique applied and (2) the type of anatomical reconstruction of the digestive tract (Longmire vs. Roux-en-Y) and food intake may be of minor importance for the bone and hematological status of GX rats. Future investigations are justified to clarify whether esophagojejunal proinflammatory tissue factors may contribute to the GX-mediated damage of bone mineral and bone marrow, thereby leading to low body weight.
Assuntos
Anastomose em-Y de Roux , Esôfago/cirurgia , Gastrectomia/métodos , Jejuno/cirurgia , Animais , Densidade Óssea , Remodelação Óssea , Esôfago/patologia , Gastrectomia/mortalidade , Gastrinas/sangue , Jejuno/patologia , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
A rare case of a 42-year-old woman with an intra- and suprasellar tumour with double histological texture (chromophobe pituitary adenoma and epidermoid cyst) is presented. Elevated serum prolactin levels were found on admission. After the surgery symptoms of diabetes insipidus appeared. On the ground of the presented case and review of references it seems that the coexistence of an epidermoid cyst and a pituitary adenoma suggest their common histogenetic origin.
Assuntos
Adenoma/patologia , Adenoma/cirurgia , Cisto Epidérmico/patologia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/patologia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/cirurgia , Sela Túrcica/patologia , Sela Túrcica/cirurgia , Adulto , Cisto Epidérmico/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/complicações , Prolactina/sangueRESUMO
Three patients operated on for cerebellar haemangioblastoma are reported. Rarely observed extramedullary erythropoiesis was found in tumour tissue. One patient had erythrocytosis (solid form of the tumour), the remaining patients with cystic tumour had normal erythrocyte count.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Cerebelares/patologia , Cerebelo/patologia , Hemangioblastoma/patologia , Hematopoese Extramedular , Idoso , Neoplasias Cerebelares/ultraestrutura , Cerebelo/ultraestrutura , Contagem de Eritrócitos , Feminino , Hemangioblastoma/ultraestrutura , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
55-yera old patient with angio-fibro-lipoma of thoracic part of the vertebral canal was described. This rare, benign tumour was totally removed. Subsequently the neurological state of the patient improved.
Assuntos
Angiofibroma/ultraestrutura , Vértebras Cervicais/ultraestrutura , Espaço Epidural/ultraestrutura , Lipoma/ultraestrutura , Angiofibroma/diagnóstico , Angiofibroma/cirurgia , Vértebras Cervicais/cirurgia , Tecido Conjuntivo/ultraestrutura , Espaço Epidural/cirurgia , Humanos , Lipoma/diagnóstico , Lipoma/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
A 42-year old woman with a rare intracranial tumour-chondroma of the cerebello-pontine angle and clivus is presented. Clinical signs of the disease appeared when the tumour attained a huge size. Despite grave postoperative course the prognosis in our patient was good.
Assuntos
Ângulo Cerebelopontino/patologia , Condroma/patologia , Nervo Abducente/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Calcinose/diagnóstico , Calcinose/patologia , Calcinose/cirurgia , Ângulo Cerebelopontino/cirurgia , Ângulo Cerebelopontino/ultraestrutura , Condroma/ultraestrutura , Nervo Facial/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Prognóstico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
A rare case is described of extensive myocardial infiltrations during myeloid leukaemia in a patient with coexistent valvular heart disease, and active inflammatory process in the endocardium. The coexistence of these diseases caused even greater diagnostic difficulties. This case shows also that differential white blood cell sound should not be disregarded in cardiovascular diseases.
Assuntos
Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/complicações , Leucemia Mieloide/diagnóstico , Infiltração Leucêmica/diagnóstico , Miocárdio/patologia , Adulto , Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/sangue , Endocardite/sangue , Endocardite/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide/sangue , Leucemia Mieloide/complicações , Contagem de LeucócitosRESUMO
A case surgically treated malignant fibrohistiocytoma of the maxilla in 71 years aged woman is presented. Attention is called to diagnostic difficulties due to varied clinical and histological features. Histological examination after surgery established final diagnosis.
Assuntos
Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno/diagnóstico , Maxila/ultraestrutura , Neoplasias Maxilares/diagnóstico , Idoso , Feminino , Fibroblastos/ultraestrutura , Histiócitos/ultraestrutura , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno/cirurgia , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno/ultraestrutura , Humanos , Maxila/cirurgia , Neoplasias Maxilares/cirurgia , Neoplasias Maxilares/ultraestruturaRESUMO
A case of the patient with atypical localization of glomus tumor in lumbar region is reported. Trigger pain of unusual intensity resistant to pharmacological treatment ceased immediately after the operation.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Tumor do Glomo Jugular/patologia , Região Lombossacral/patologia , Encéfalo/cirurgia , Encéfalo/ultraestrutura , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia , Tumor do Glomo Jugular/diagnóstico , Tumor do Glomo Jugular/cirurgia , Humanos , Região Lombossacral/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
A 13-year-old girl with large richly vascularized acoustic neurinoma is reported. The family history and clinical evidence failed to suggest neurofibromatosis in the family. The clinical syndrome included paroxysmal headaches, vertigo, loss of consciousness and left ear hearing loss. The application of Nd-YAG laser during the operation reduced bleeding and enabled radical removal of the tumour.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Neuroma Acústico/patologia , Nervo Vestibulococlear/patologia , Adolescente , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Encéfalo/cirurgia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia , Craniotomia , Feminino , Humanos , Neuroma Acústico/diagnóstico , Neuroma Acústico/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Nervo Vestibulococlear/cirurgia , Nervo Vestibulococlear/ultraestruturaRESUMO
High-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (h-d HCC) is a not frequent hepatic tumour but its outcome may be beneficial when treated properly. Two cases of h-d HCC recognized on the basis of postoperative histopathology are reported. We have discussed the role of fine needle biopsy in distinguishing h-d HCC from liver adenoma, and we have attempted to outline the diagnostic approach in clinically silent hepatic tumours which are not associated with cirrhosis or elevated alfa-fetoprotein plasma level.
Assuntos
Adenoma/patologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Adenoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Angiografia , Biópsia por Agulha , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Reações Falso-Negativas , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cintilografia , Coloide de Enxofre Marcado com Tecnécio Tc 99m , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Ultrassonografia/métodosRESUMO
The authors report a case of a 52-year old male patient with asymptomatic course of neurinoma of the vertebral canal. Sudden appearance of massive neurological signs was caused by intratumour haemorrhage.