RESUMO
Caffeine is ubiquitous in our society-not only in the drinks consumed but also increasingly in dermatologic topicals. Given that coffee and caffeine are increasingly used for the production of many dermatologic anti-cancer topicals, sunscreens, and cosmetics, it is of imperative importance to review the basic science and clinical evidence for such claims. In this concise review, we outline the current evidence.
RESUMO
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a reactive process resulting from increased melanin or abnormal distribution of melanin secondary to inflammatory skin conditions, dermatologic therapies, and external stimuli. Because PIH is a common condition that has a substantial effect on the quality of life, an understanding of its treatment modalities is essential. Though there are many therapeutic strategies for hyperpigmentary conditions such as melasma that are described in the literature, fewer studies focus on PIH. This article aims to provide a comprehensive literature review of therapies specifically used to treat PIH, such as topical combinations, chemical peels, and lasers. J Drugs Dermatol. 2020;19(8): doi:10.36849/JDD.2020.4887.
Assuntos
Dermatite/complicações , Ceratolíticos/administração & dosagem , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Melanose/terapia , Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/administração & dosagem , Administração Cutânea , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Dermatite/imunologia , Quimioterapia Combinada/métodos , Humanos , Melanose/imunologia , Melanose/patologia , Melanose/psicologia , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto , Qualidade de Vida , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/imunologia , Pele/patologia , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Pigmentação da Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pigmentação da Pele/imunologia , Pigmentação da Pele/efeitos da radiação , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Nail psoriasis is challenging to treat. The few currently available therapies are limited in efficacy, and often produce unfavorable side effects. A plant extract widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine, indigo naturalis (Qing Dai), is presented in this review as an alternative topical treatment for skin and nail psoriasis. The purpose of this article is to present information on a viable alternative treatment with a favorable side effect profile for a difficult disease to treat. METHODS: A PubMed search for the term "indigo naturalis" was performed, and literature from 2006 to the present relevant to indigo naturalis and treatment of psoriasis and nail psoriasis was reviewed. RESULTS: Indigo naturalis shares several therapeutic mechanisms with current psoriasis treatments, such as regulation of keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, restoration of epidermal barrier function, and reduction of inflammatory processes. Clinically, it is well tolerated. CONCLUSION: Recent research of indigo naturalis suggests that it is a safe, inexpensive, and effective alternative topical treatment for skin and nail psoriasis.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Doenças da Unha/tratamento farmacológico , Fitoterapia/métodos , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Tópica , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Citocinas/efeitos dos fármacos , Citocinas/metabolismo , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/efeitos adversos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/economia , Epiderme/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Indigofera , Indóis/efeitos adversos , Indóis/uso terapêutico , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Óleos/efeitos adversos , Óleos/uso terapêutico , Pomadas/efeitos adversos , Pomadas/uso terapêutico , Fitoterapia/efeitos adversos , Fitoterapia/economia , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Resultado do Tratamento , Molécula 1 de Adesão de Célula Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Molécula 1 de Adesão de Célula Vascular/metabolismoRESUMO
The conventional treatment for patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) centers on global immunosuppression, such as the use of steroids and other immunosuppressive drugs, to decrease titers of antidesmoglein autoantibodies responsible for the acantholytic blisters. Global immunosuppressants, however, cause serious side effects. The emergence of anti-CD20 biologic medications, such as rituximab, as an adjunct to conventional therapy has shifted the focus to targeted destruction of autoimmune B cells. Next-generation biologic medications with improved modes of delivery, pharmacology, and side effect profiles are constantly being developed, adding to the diversity of options for PV treatment. We review promising monoclonal antibodies, including veltuzumab, obinutuzumab (GA-101), ofatumumab, ocaratuzumab (AME-133v), PRO131921, and belimumab.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Produtos Biológicos/uso terapêutico , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Pênfigo/diagnóstico , Pênfigo/tratamento farmacológico , Anticorpos Monoclonais/efeitos adversos , Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Produtos Biológicos/efeitos adversos , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Previsões , Humanos , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Medição de Risco , Rituximab/efeitos adversos , Rituximab/uso terapêutico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Topical salicylic acid is often used in dermatologic conditions because of its keratolytic, bacteriostatic, fungicidal, and photoprotective properties. The bioavailability of salicylic acid differs depending on the vehicle used and pH of transcellular fluids. Although rare, salicylic acid toxicity (salicylism) can occur from topical application. Physicians should be mindful of the potential for salicylism or even death from topically applied salicylic acid.
