The effect on performance and biochemical parameters when soil was added to aflatoxin-contaminated poultry rations.

The effects of silty clay loam soil on the performance and biochemical parameters of chicks were investigated when the soil was added to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-contaminated diets. One hundred 14-d-old White Leghorn chicks were fed a control ration (clean corn), a low aflatoxin-contaminated ration (120 ng AFB1/g), a high aflatoxin-contaminated ration (700 ng AFB1/g), or high aflatoxin-contaminated rations (700 ng AFB1/g) +10% or 25% soil. Body weight, feed consumption and blood samples were monitored weekly. Decreased feed consumption, body weight gain and efficiency of feed utilization, increased SGOT and LDH activities, and cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, and decreased uric acid concentrations and ALP activity were observed in the chicks fed the high aflatoxin-contaminated ration without soil. Hepatomegaly was prominent in chicks fed the high aflatoxin-contaminated ration without soil, and some livers had extensive hepatocyte vacuolation, hepatocellular swelling, fatty change and hydropic degeneration, and stained positive for fat accumulation. Addition of soil reduced the detrimental effects of AFB1 for some parameters, although the reduction was less when 10% soil was fed compared with the 25% soil feeding.

Retention and distribution of aflatoxin in tissues of chicks fed aflatoxin-contaminated poultry rations amended with soil.

The effects of silty clay loam on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) retention and distribution were investigated when added to diets of chicks fed aflatoxin-contaminated rations. One hundred 14-d-old White Leghorn chicks were fed a control ration (clean corn), a low aflatoxin-contaminated ration (120 ng AFB1/g), a high aflatoxin-contaminated ration (700 ng AFB1/g), or a high aflatoxin-contaminated ration (700 ng AFB1/g) + 10% or 25% soil. Livers, crops and breast muscles in each group were pooled and analyzed for AFB1 and metabolites. The addition of soil significantly reduced the AFB1 levels in the livers, although the reduction was less when 10% soil was fed compared with the 25% soil feeding. AFB1 concentrations in the crops of chicks fed high aflatoxin-contaminated ration without soil was statistically indistinguishable from the chicks in the other groups. AFB1 concentrations were significantly reduced in the breast muscles of chicks fed 10% or 25% soil compared to chicks fed the high aflatoxin-contaminated ration without soil. Aflatoxin B2 was detected only in livers, crops and breast muscles from chicks fed aflatoxin-contaminated ration without soil. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) was detected only in livers and crops of chicks fed aflatoxin-contaminated ration without soil and only in breast muscles of chicks fed the low aflatoxin-contaminated ration and high aflatoxin-contaminated ration + 25% soil. AFM1 concentration was significantly higher in the crops of chicks fed high aflatoxin-contaminated ration without soil.

Effect of soil on aflatoxin tissue retention in chicks when added to aflatoxin-contaminated poultry rations.

The effects of silty clay loam soil on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) absorption were investigated when added to the diets of chicks fed aflatoxin-contaminated rations. Sixty 1-d-old White Leghorn chicks were fed a control ration (< 5 ng AFB1/g), a low aflatoxin-contaminated ration (55 ng AFB1/g), a high aflatoxin-contaminated ration (4,488 ng AFB1/g), or high aflatoxin-contaminated rations (4,488 ng AFB1/g) + 25% or 50% soil. Livers in each group were pooled and analyzed for AFB1 and metabolites. The addition of soil significantly reduced the levels of AFB1 in the livers, although the reduction was less when 25% soil was fed compared with the 50% soil feeding.