The interference of digital radiographic image acquisition and processing protocols in the diagnosis of incipient enamel carious lesions.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the diagnosis of proximal carious lesions through different parameters of execution and visualization of the images. Material and Methods: Proximal carious lesions were artificially induced in human teeth three different times (10, 20, and 30 hours) by in vitro demineralization. The teeth were radiographed with the Dürr digital system using three exposure times (0.10, 0.16, and 0.20s) and three different resolutions in the scanning of the phosphor plates (20-, 25- and 40-line pairs). After acquiring the images, they were submitted to VistaScan Fine, Caries 1, and Caries 2 software filters. Three radiologists analyzed the images in JPEG format. Results: The Pearson's chi-square test showed an association between longer demineralization time and the presence of injury according to the professional's classification. There was no statistically significant association among the other parameters, exposure time, resolution, and use of filters and the presence of a lesion. All parameters showed a greater sensitivity than specificity. The exposure time of 0.2s showed better accuracy, the resolutions 25 and 40lp showed equal results and better than 20lp and the Fine filter obtained better values than the Caries 1 and 2 filters. Conclusions: Despite the variation of parameters, exposure time, resolution, and use of filters, there were no statistically significant differences. For better diagnostic accuracy, it is recommended to use 0.2s of exposure time and a Fine filter, and scan the phosphor plates with 25lp. Key words:Orbital fracture, Etiology, Orbital trauma, Road traffic accidents, Trauma.

Behavioral and inflammatory changes in rats induced by a three-hit stress model: Implications for psychiatric disorders.

Many aspects of the impact of childhood trauma remain unknown, such as the age at which individuals are most vulnerable to trauma, whether traumatic experiences have more severe and lasting effects when experienced early in life, and whether early life trauma causes psychiatric conditions such as anxiety and major depressive disorder (MDD) that persist over time or evolve into other disorders. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the impact of traumatic experiences in childhood on susceptibility to mood disorders in adulthood, particularly MDD. Animal models were used to address these questions, and different stressor protocols at various stages of the offspring's life were used. Three-hit starting with injections of Poly: IC was performed on the 9th day of gestation and then considered the first stressor. After birth, the animals were exposed to the maternal deprivation (MD) protocol, which separated the pups from the mother 3 h a day during the first ten days of life. From the 60th day of life, the animals were divided to receive the chronic mild stress (CMS) protocol over 21 days. The stressors can induce anxiety-like behaviors, such as increased locomotor activity through a maternal immune activation protocol using Poly: IC and demonstrating depressive-like behaviors through the MD and CMS protocols. It also showed changes in brain structures for pro-inflammatory parameters, IL-1ß and TNF-α, and alterations in anti-inflammatory parameters, IL-4 and IL-10, at different ages of life. The study also found that regulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is necessary for appropriate neuronal behavior, and stress responses can be both friendly and enemy, with costs and benefits balanced to provide the best-fit result. In conclusion, phenotypic characteristics of animals' life history are shaped by signals transmitted directly or indirectly to developing animals, known as "predictive adaptive responses."

Risk factors and clinical profile of autism spectrum disorder in southern Brazil.

In Brazil, as in other countries, it is expected a significant variation of epidemiological and clinical characteristics among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study was performed to explore maternal risk factors and clinical characteristics of children with ASD in a population located in southern Brazil. Data were collected from medical records and analyzed to explore biomarkers associated with ASD. Out of 321 children with ASD, 86.5% were males with a male-to-female ratio of 5.7:1, 50.7% were mild/moderate while 49.3% presented severe ASD. Between the risk factors investigated, gestational infection was significantly associated with severe ASD patients. There was also an association between epilepsy and severe autism. Several gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms were significantly associated with severe ASD. Obesity, followed by lower levels of cholesterol, were also significant factors associated with an ASD diagnosis when compared to age-matched controls. Finally, severe ASD was associated with significantly higher serum serotonin levels when compared to age-matched controls and mild/moderate ASD cases. Our findings demonstrate that our population shares many features associated with ASD around the world, such as GI symptoms, epilepsy, and high serotonin levels. It is worth highlighting the low cholesterol levels associated with obesity as an unusual feature that deserves more attention.

Suicide Risk Moderates the Relationship Between Stressful Life Events, the Suicidal Narrative, and the Suicide Crisis Syndrome: A Brazilian Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Stressful life events are associated with higher odds of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Furthermore, stressful life events can trigger specific symptoms, including the suicidal narrative and suicide crisis syndrome, resulting in an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. This study examined the moderating role of suicide risk in the relationship between stressful life events, the suicidal narrative, and the suicide crisis syndrome. METHODS: 2,260 adults completed an online survey recruited through advertisements on social media. The level of emotional distress was assessed through the Suicide Narrative Inventory, Suicide Crisis Inventory-2, Stressful Life Events Questionnaire, and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The PROCESS macro (Hayes) was used to analyze the moderation models. RESULTS: Stressful life events were positively correlated with the suicidal narrative and suicide crisis syndrome. The effects of stressful life events on suicidal narrative and suicide crisis syndrome were strongest when suicide risk was low and weakest when suicide risk was high. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that including stressful life events as part of suicide risk assessment in general and clinical settings is critical to managing treatment for suicidal thoughts and developing adaptive coping.

Incidência e fatores de risco associados ao infarto agudo do miocárdio sem obstrução coronariana / Incidence and risk factors associated with acute myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries / Incidencia y factores de riesgo associados al infarto agudo de miocardio sin obstrucción coronaria

Objetivo: identificar a incidência, fatores de risco e desfechos associados ao infarto agudo do miocárdio sem obstrução de artérias coronárias (myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries ­ MINOCA). Método: estudo de coorte prospectivo em prontuários clínicos num hospital terciário do extremo Sul catarinense. Foram incluídos pacientes diagnosticados com infarto agudo do miocárdico (IAM) submetidos a estudo hemodinâmico nos anos de 2017 e 2018. Resultados: ao analisar 445 prontuários, observou-se a ocorrência de MINOCA em 28 pacientes (6,3%). Comparando o grupo MINOCA com o grupo IAM obstrutivo, os pacientes do grupo MINOCA eram mais jovens, com média de 54 anos (DP ± 14; p=0,007), tinham menor incidência de tabagismo (2 versus 156, p<0,001), hipertensão arterial (10 versus 242; p=0,002), menor tempo médio (dias) de internação hospitalar (5,79 ± 3,05 versus 7,49 ± 5,20; p= 0,02) e menos admissões em unidade de tratamento intensivo (5 versus 212; p=0,002). Conclusão: a incidência de MINOCA estimada dentre o total de IAM no Sul de Santa Catarina foi de 6,3% [IC 95]. Os pacientes do grupo MINOCA tiveram menor prevalência de comorbidades, melhor evolução intra-hospitalar e melhor desfecho.

Objective: to identify the incidence, risk factors and outcomes associated with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). Method: it is a with prospective cohort study data collection from medical records data. Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) that went through hemodynamic study in 2017 and 2018 were included. Results: when analyzing 445 medical records, the occurrence of MINOCA was observed in 28 patients (6.3%). Comparing the MINOCA group with the obstructive AMI group, patients in the MINOCA group were younger, with a mean age of 54 years (SD ± 14; p=0.007), had a lower incidence of smoking (2 versus 156, p<0.001), hypertension (10 versus 242; p=0.002), shorter mean length of hospital stay (days) (5.79 ± 3.05 versus 7.49 ± 5.20; p= 0.02) and fewer admissions to intensive care unit (5 versus 212; p=0.002). Conclusion: the estimated incidence of MINOCA among the total number of AMI in southern Santa Catarina was 6.3% [CI 95]. Patients in the MINOCA group had a lower prevalence of comorbidities, better in-hospital evolution and better outcome.

Qualidade de vida de estudantes universitários durante a pandemia da COVID-19 em Santa Catarina / Quality of life of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Santa Catarina / Calidad de vida de estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Santa Catarina

Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) de estudantes universitários durante a pandemia da COVID-19 em Santa Catarina, Brasil. Método: estudo observacional transversal com abordagem quantitativa, realizado entre junho e dezembro de 2021 em uma universidade particular de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Foi utilizado um questionário sociodemográfico e WHOQOL-bref. Resultados: dentre os 310 estudantes avaliados, a maioria era do sexo feminino (80,1%), branca (89,7%) e solteira (81,9%). Os domínios físico e psicológico foram afetados significativamente (p < 0,001) quando comparados aos demais domínios. Estudantes do período noturno e vespertino foram mais afetados quando comparados ao período integral nos domínios relações sociais (p = 0,047), meio ambiente (p < 0,001) e geral (p = 0,023). Sofreram maior impacto psicológico, aqueles que residiam com crianças e idosos quando comparados aos que residiam apenas com idosos (p = 0,023). Conclusão: a pandemia da COVID-19 afetou significativamente a QV dos estudantes analisados. Os impactos negativos nos estudantes foram observados conforme o período de estudo e perfil sociodemográfico.

Objective: to assess university students' quality of life (QL) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: this is a observational cross-sectional survey with a quantitative approach carried out between June and December 2021 at a private university in Santa Catarina, Brazil, through an online form. A sociodemographic test and WHOQOL-bref were used for QoL analysis. Results: among the 310 evaluated students, 80.1% were female, 89.7% were white and 81.9% were single. The physical and psychological domains were significantly affected (p < 0.001). Night-time and afternoon-time students were more affected when compared to full-time students in the social relationships (p = 0.047), environment (p<0.001) and general (p = 0.023) domains. Moreover, students who lived with children and the elderly suffered a more significant psychological impact when compared to those who lived only with the elderly (p = 0.023). Conclusion: the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the QL of academics, mainly in the Physical and Psychological domains. Moreover, negative effects on students were observed according to the period of study and sociodemographic profile.

Hospitalizações por COVID-19 no Brasil: características sociodemográficas, fatores de risco e manifestações clínicas

Objetivo: Comparar as características sociodemográficas, os fatores de risco e as manifestações clínicas da COVID-19 em pessoas hospitalizadas no Brasil entre os anos de 2020 e 2021. Métodos: Estudo transversal cuja amostra foi de 1.150.041 pessoas hospitalizadas. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio do teste U de Mann-Whitney e Qui-quadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Em 2020, as hospitalizações estiveram associadas ao sexo masculino, cardiopatia, diabetes, doença renal, tosse e febre (p<0,001). Em 2021, cor da pele branca, obesidade e síndrome de down foram fatores associados à hospitalização, cujos sintomas envolveram dispneia, saturação de O2 <95% e desconforto respiratório, com maior proporção de óbitos (p<0,001). Internação em UTI não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa. Conclusões: A hospitalização por COVID-19 no Brasil apresentou elevada frequência. No primeiro ano atingiu pessoas com mais idade e que apresentavam comorbidades prévias, e em 2021 se caracterizou pela acentuada carga de sintomas e maior gravidade clínica.

Bifidobacterium lactis CCT 7858 Improves Gastrointestinal Symptoms by Antibiotics Treatment: a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Diarrhea is one of the most frequent side effects of antibiotic treatment and occurs in 25 to 40% of patients in use. One potential strategy to prevent this side effect is the concurrent use of probiotics. This study evaluated the efficacy of the strain Bifidobacterium lactis CCT 7858 in the prevention of diarrhea and improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms in hospitalized patients using antibiotics. This was a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. This study included 104 patients in antibiotic treatment. Patients were randomized into two groups: placebo (maltodextrin) and intervention (strain Bifidobacterium lactis CCT 7858 at 9 × 1010 CFU concentration; GABBIA® Biotecnology, Santa Catarina, Brazil). Patients were supplemented depending on the duration of antibiotic therapy, and both were evaluated with scales in two moments: before and after treatment. We included 104 hospitalized patients. In follow-up, 38 (74.5%) of the B. lactis group have no reported diarrhea. In secondary outcomes, in five day strong abdominal distension was reported in 4 (7,3) placebo group and not reported in B. lactis. Abdominal noises, nausea, and vomiting were not registered in any group. B. lactis strain has been considered safe and with several benefits, including reduction of soft stools and gastrointestinal symptoms how abdominal noise, pain and distension, as well reduction of diarrhea.

Avaliação de constipação intestinal em estudantes de nível superior em uma universidade do extremo sul catarinense / Evaluation of intestinal constipation in higher level students at a university in the extreme south of catarina / Evaluación del estreñimiento intestinal en estudiantes de nivel superior de una universidad del extremo sur de catarina

Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de CI em estudantes das fases iniciais e finais dos cursos de Medicina, Nutrição e Engenharia Civil de uma Universidade no Extremo Sul Catarinense -Criciúma, através da ingestão alimentar e hídrica, dos tipos de fezes, se fazem uso, ou não, de alternativas de evacuação, comparando os hábitos alimentares com influência na constipação nos estudantes das três diferentes áreas. Método:Tal estudo foi realizado através de um questionário adaptado com questões sobre os hábitos de vida do indivíduo, juntamente com os critérios de Roma III, Roma IV e Escala de Bristol. Resultados:Caracterizou-se por 158 estudantes, sendo 71,5% (n=113) representam o sexo feminino e apenas 28,5% (n=45), o sexo masculino. A ingestão de líquidos demonstrou-se ser baixa, sendo 33,5% (n=53) ingerem mais que 1600ml/dia. Através da Escala de Bristol, 15,8% (n=25) revelaram evacuar o Tipo 1 e 2, caracterizando CI. Sobre os laxantes, apenas 3,2% (n=5) confirmaram a utilização. Foi verificada CI em 18,6% (n=21) das mulheres e 8,9% (n=4) dos homens. Conclusão:a alimentação destacou ser pobre em fibras. É notório que os estudantes sofrem com sintomas de CI. Através do auxílio de um profissional de nutrição, é necessário que equilibrem sua alimentação com fibras, consumem mais água diariamente e, consequentemente, auxiliem no bom funcionamento intestinal e na melhora da qualidade de vida.

Objective: To evaluate the presence of IC in students in the initial and final stages of Medicine, Nutrition and Civil Engineering courses at a University in the extreme south of Santa Catarina -Criciúma, through food and water intake, types of feces, whether they use, or no, of evacuation alternatives, comparing eating habits with influence on constipation in students from three different areas. Method: This study was carried out through a questionnaire answered with questions about the individual's life habits, together with the criteria of Rome III, Rome IV and Bristol Scale. Results: Characterized by 158 students, 71.5% (n=113) female and only 28.5% (n=45) male. Liquid intake was low, with 33.5% (n=53) ingesting more than 1600ml/day. Through the Bristol Scale, 15.8% (n=25) revealed to evacuate Type 1 and 2, characterizing CI. Regarding laxatives, only 3.2% (n=5) confirmed their use. CI was found in 18.6% (n=21) of women and 8.9% (n=4) of men. Conclusion:the highlighted diet is low in fiber. It is notorious that students suffer from HF symptoms. Through the help of a nutrition professional, it is necessary that they balance their diet with fiber, consume more water daily and, consequently, help in the good intestinal functioning and in the improvement of the qualityof life.

Objetivo:Evaluar la presencia de CI en estudiantes de las etapas inicial y final de las carreras de Medicina, Nutrición e Ingeniería Civil de una Universidad del extremo sur de Santa Catarina -Criciúma, a través de la ingesta de alimentos y agua, tipos de heces, si utilizan , o no, de alternativas de evacuación, comparando los hábitos alimentarios con influencia sobre el estreñimiento en estudiantes de las tres diferentes áreas. Método:Este estudio se realizó mediante un cuestionario adaptado con preguntas sobre el estilo de vida del individuo, junto con los criterios de Roma III, Roma IV y la Escala de Bristol. Resultados:Se caracterizó por 158 estudiantes, 71,5% (n=113) mujeres y sólo 28,5% (n=45) hombres. La ingesta de líquidos resultó ser baja, con un 33,5% (n=53) ingiriendo más de 1.600 ml/día. A través de la Escala de Bristol, el 15,8% (n=25) reveló evacuar Tipo 1 y 2, caracterizando CI. Respecto a los laxantes, sólo el 3,2% (n=5)confirmó su uso. La CI se verificó en el 18,6% (n=21) de las mujeres y en el 8,9% (n=4) de los hombres. Conclusión:la dieta era baja en fibra. Es notorio que los estudiantes padecen síntomas de CI. Con la ayuda de un profesional de la nutrición, es necesario que equilibren su dieta con fibra, consuman más agua diariamente y, en consecuencia, ayuden en el buen funcionamiento intestinal y en la mejora de la calidad de vida.

Profile of workers receiving disability benefits for depressive conditions in south Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Introduction: In recent years, mental disorders have remained the third leading cause of sick-pay benefits due to incapacity for work in Brazil. Objectives: To assess the profile and outcomes of workers receiving sick pay for depression through the Criciúma unit of the Brazilian National Social Security Institute (Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social, INSS). Methods: The study was carried out using data obtained from the Electronic System Portal of the INSS Citizen Information Service of Criciúma, state of Santa Catarina. A total of 343 individuals were selected over a 1-year period. We then analyzed all new benefits granted over a 6-year period. Results: Mild depressive episode was the disorder that prompted the most disability benefits. The mean age was 42 years, with a predominance of female beneficiaries. Overall, 56% of beneficiaries were granted at least one new disability benefit. Mental health disorders were among the leading causes. The duration of new benefits was significantly longer. Conclusions: The typical profile is that of a 42-year-old woman, gainfully employed, earning one to two times the minimum wage, with low educational attainment, who is deemed unfit for work due to a mild depressive episode. Older age was a risk factor for being awarded a new benefit. Benefits classified as due to a more serious condition and those awarded subsequent to the first benefit had a longer duration. Given the relevance of depression to occupational health, we hope that the findings of the present study will contribute to the literature and encourage new research in the field.

Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com diagnóstico de carcinoma broncogênico atendidos em uma unidade de alta complexidade em oncologia / Epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with bronchogenic carcinoma seen in a high complexity oncology unit

Introdução: No Brasil, o carcinoma broncogênico é o segundo tipo de câncer de maior incidência em homens e o quarto tipo de câncer de maior incidência em mulheres. É a principal causa de mortalidade por câncer no país. O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com diagnóstico de carcinoma broncogênico atendidos em uma unidade de alta complexidade em oncologia. Métodos: Estudo observacional descritivo, retrospectivo, com coleta de dados secundários e de abordagem quantitativa. A pesquisa foi aplicada em uma unidade de alta complexidade em oncologia de um hospital de uma cidade do extremo-sul catarinense, através de prontuários eletrônicos. A coleta foi composta por 90 atendimentos no período de janeiro de 2015 a dezembro de 2017. Foram inclusos na amostra todos os pacientes com tumores broncogênicos malignos com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, e foram exclusos 14 pacientes com prontuários incompletos. Resultados: A média de idade ao diagnóstico foi 62,39 ± 10,53 anos. Houve discreto predomínio no sexo masculino (58,9%). O tabagismo foi verificado em 78,9% dos pacientes, com uma mediana de 40,0 maços/ano. Como método diagnóstico, observou-se a maior realização de biópsia percutânea orientada por TC em 58,9% dos casos. Em relação aos tipos histológicos, 54,4% apresentaram adenocarcinoma. O estágio mais prevalente foi o IVA (42,2%). Conclusão: São de extrema importância métodos de rastreamento e diagnóstico precoce da neoplasia, bem como encorajar os pacientes ao abandono do tabagismo, a fim de reduzir sua incidência e mortalidade.

Introduction: In Brazil, bronchogenic carcinoma is the second more incident type of cancer in men, and the fourth in women. It is the leading cause of cancer mortality in the country. The aim of the present study is to assess the epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with bronchogenic carcinoma seen in a high complexity oncology unit. Methods: This is a descriptive, observational, retrospective study with collection of secondary data and quantitative approach. The research was conducted in a high complexity oncology unit of a hospital in a municipality of the southernmost region of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, using electronic medical records. The sample consisted of 90 patients from January 2015 to December 2017. All patients with malignant bronchogenic tumors aged 18 years or older were included in the sample, and 14 patients with incomplete medical charts were excluded. Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 62.39 ± 10.53 years. There was a slight predominance of men (58.9%). Smoking was present in 78,9% of patients, with a median of 40.0 packets/year. CT-guided percutaneous biopsy was the most used diagnostic method, being performed in 58.9% of the cases. With regard to histological type, 54.4% of patients presented adenocarcinoma. The most prevalent stage was IVA (42.2%). Conclusion: Screening methods and early diagnosis of neoplasm are extremely important, as well as encouraging patients to quit smoking, in order to reduce disease incidence and mortality.

Perfil epidemiológico dos laudos histopatológicos de carcinoma basocelular realizados nos laboratórios de Patologia da região sul-catarinense / Epidemiological profile of histopathological reports of basal cell carcinoma performed in pathology laboratories in southern Santa Catarina, Brazil

Introdução: O carcinoma basocelular é a neoplasia mais comum no mundo. É responsável, juntamente com os demais cânceres de pele, pelo grande aumento dos gastos públicos, quando comparados aos demais tipos de câncer. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil epidemiológico dos laudos histopatológicos de Carcinoma Basocelular (CBC) realizados nos laboratórios de Patologia da cidade de Criciúma/ SC. Métodos: Foi feito um estudo observacional retrospectivo, com coleta de dados secundários e abordagem quantitativa. Foram incluídos no estudo 301 laudos histopatológicos de CBC. Resultados: A média da idade no momento do diagnóstico foi de 64,09 anos. O gênero mais acometido foi o feminino, correspondendo a 55,5% dos laudos da amostra. Dos subtipos histopatológicos, o nodular foi o prevalente (52,2%), seguido pelo esclerodermiforme/infiltrativo (28,2%), superficial (11,3%), micronodular (5,6%), basoescamoso (1,7%) e pigmentado (1,0%). A localização cutânea de maior frequência foi cabeça e pescoço (67,4%), tendo o nariz como principal local das lesões (32,4%). Limitações do estudo: Este estudo teve como limitação a não informação da localização cutânea do CBC em 126 laudos. Conclusão: O CBC é mais comum em indivíduos a partir da sexta década de vida (p=0,017), preferencialmente em mulheres (p=0,013). O subtipo mais encontrado é o nodular seguido do esclerodermiforme. O nariz foi o local de maior acometimento das lesões. O subtipo superficial predominou no sexo feminino (p=0,013). Quanto à sua localização cutânea, o subtipo superficial está associado aos membros superiores e inferiores (p=0,037).

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common neoplasm in the world. Along with other skin cancers, it is responsible for a large increase in public spending compared to other types of cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological profile of histopathological reports of basal cell carcinoma performed in pathology laboratories in the city of Criciúma, SC, Brazil. Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted using secondary data and a quantitative approach. A total of 301 histopathological reports of basal cell carcinoma were included. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 64.09 years, with women being more affected (55.5%). Of the histopathological subtypes, nodular was the most prevalent (52.2%), followed by infiltrative (28.2%), superficial (11.3%), micronodular (5.6%), basosquamous (1.7%) and pigmented (1.0%). The most frequent location was the head and neck (67.4%), with the nose being the main site of lesions (32.4%). Study limitations: The carcinoma location was missing in 126 reports. Conclusion: basal cell carcinoma was more common in individuals ≥ 60 years of age (p=0.017), especially women (p=0.013). The most common subtypes were nodular and infiltrative. The nose was the most affected site. The superficial subtype predominated in women (p=0.013). The superficial subtype was associated with the upper and lower limbs (p=0.037).

Análise comparativa da avaliação antropométrica de alunos do ensino médio integral e regular de uma escola na região sul de Santa Catarina / Comparative analysis of the anthropometric assessment of part-time and full-time high school students in a school in southern Santa Catarina, Brazil

Introdução: Índices de sobrepeso e obesidade vêm crescendo mundialmente. Na fase da adolescência, tais alterações estão associadas a um maior risco de desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas, como as cardiovasculares na vida adulta. Levando em consideração a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB), que permitiu a implementação de escola de tempo integral, e a falta de estudos avaliando a interferência desse aumento de carga horária na saúde no adolescente, o presente estudo foi criado. Objetivo: Comparar as avaliações antropométricas entre os indivíduos do ensino médio que frequentam o período integral com os que frequentam o período noturno. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional, retrospectivo, com coleta de dados secundários e de abordagem quantitativa em uma escola pública localizada na região sul de Santa Catarina, avaliando 194 alunos que cursaram o ensino médio no ano de 2018. Resultados: Foram analisados 194 indivíduos, entre eles 100 frequentadores do período integral e 94 do período noturno, demonstrando uma média de peso no sexo feminino do terceiro ano do ensino integral de 62,5±11, já no ensino regular uma média de 56,15±11. Foram encontrados 18,6% de meninas acima do peso, sendo 7,8% obesas; já no sexo masculino foram encontrados 20,6% acima do peso, sendo 7,6% obesos. Conclusão: Há evidências de que estudantes do sexo feminino matriculados no terceiro ano do ensino médio integral apresentem, em média, peso mais elevado quando comparados às estudantes matriculadas no ensino médio regular. Indivíduos do sexo masculino apresentam perfil antropométrico similar em ambas as modalidades de ensino.

Introduction: Overweight and obesity rates are increasing worldwide. In adolescence, these changes are associated with a higher risk of developing chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, in adulthood. This study was conducted considering the Brazilian National Education Guidelines and Framework Law, which allowed the implementation of full-time school days, and the lack of studies evaluating the impact of this increased workload on adolescent health. Methods: We conducted a retrospective and observational study in the Southern region of Santa Catarina, Brazil, with 194 high school students in 2018. Results: Of 194 students, 100 were attending full-time classes and 94 were attending night classes. Mean weight among full-time and part-time 12th grade female students was 62.5±11 and 56.15±11, respectively. Among girls, 18.6% were overweight, of whom 7.8% were obese; whereas 20.6% of boys were overweight, of whom 7.6% were obese. Conclusions: There is evidence that female students enrolled in the third year of full-time high school have, on average, higher weight when compared to students enrolled in regular high school. Male subjects have a similar anthropometric profile in both teaching modalities.

Avaliação da deficiência de vitamina B12 em idosos usuários e não usuários de metformina / Assessment of B12 deficiency in older adults using metformin or not

Introdução: Sendo a metformina um dos principais tratamentos para o Diabetes Mellitus, torna-se necessário verificar seus efeitos colaterais. A redução nos níveis de vitamina B12 está entre os causadores de consequências importantes na população. Este estudo objetivou determinar o nível de vitamina B12 em usuários e não usuários de metformina de um ambulatório de geriatria no sul de Santa Catarina e avaliar fatores que possam interferir no nível desta vitamina. Métodos: Caracteriza-se como pesquisa quantitativa, observacional, retrospectiva, com coleta de dados secundários. Foram incluídos na pesquisa pacientes idosos com níveis de vitamina B12 documentados em prontuário e excluídos prontuários com ausência de dados e pacientes que fazem suplementação da vitamina. Após a seleção, foram analisados 131 prontuários de pacientes atendidos no período de 2016 e 2017 no Ambulatório de Geriatria das Clínicas Integradas de Saúde da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense. Resultados: Dos pacientes que possuem deficiência de vitamina B12, 26,4% fazem uso de metformina. Dos pacientes que usam metformina, 36,8% possuem deficiência de vitamina B12. No uso de IBP, 39,6% apresentaram deficiência, e naqueles em uso concomitante de metformina e IBP, 9,4% apresentaram deficiência da vitamina. Conclusão: Apesar dos testes estatísticos não apresentarem associação estatisticamente significativa entre o uso de metformina e a deficiência de vitamina B12, os dados do presente estudo mostraram prevalência de deficiência da vitamina na amostra (40,4%). Sugere-se que isso é uma consequência importante da droga e mostra a necessidade de novos estudos na deficiência da vitamina e as suas consequências.

Introduction: As metformin is one of the main treatment options for diabetes mellitus, it is necessary to analyze its side effects. A reduction in B12 levels is one of the causes of important consequences to the population. This study aimed to determine B12 levels in patients who used metformin and those who did not in a geriatric outpatient clinic in southern Santa Catarina, assessing factors that could interfere with the levels of this vitamin. Methods: This is a quantitative, observational, retrospective study, with secondary data collection. We included older patients with B12 levels registered in their medical records and excluded records with missing data and patients who did vitamin replacement. After patient selection, we analyzed 131 medical records of patients seen between 2017 and 2017 at the geriatric outpatient clinic of Clínicas Integradas de Saúde, at Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense. Results: Among patients with B12 deficiency, 26.4% used metformin. Out of those using metformin, 36.8% had vitamin B12 deficiency. Among those who used proton-pump inhibitors (PPI), 39.6% had a vitamin deficiency, and considering those who simultaneously used metformin and PPI, 9.4% had a vitamin deficiency. Conclusion: Although statistical tests did not identify a statistically significant association between metformin use and vitamin B12 deficiency, our data showed a prevalence of vitamin deficiency in our sample (40.4%). We suggest that this could be an important consequence of this medication and highlight the need for new studies on B12 deficiency and its consequences.

Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes hipertensos atendidos em um ambulatório de Cardiologia de uma universidade do extremo-sul catarinense no período de 2017 / Epidemiological profile of patients with hypertension at a cardiology outpatient clinic of a university in the extreme south of Santa Catarina in 2017

Introdução: A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) é a condição crônica mais comum tratada por profissionais de saúde, sendo considerada um grande problema de saúde pública por sua alta prevalência, baixas taxas de controle e associação com doenças de alta morbimortalidade. Dessa forma, é importante reconhecer o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes hipertensos de um ambulatório de cardiologia, para avaliar os fatores de risco e realizar intervenções preventivas, objetivando reduzir sua incidência e obter controle precoce para que se evitem complicações futuras. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospectivo, com coleta de dados secundários e abordagem quantitativa, mediante prontuários de pacientes hipertensos atendidos no Ambulatório de Cardiologia da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc) no período de 2017. Resultados: Foram incluídos 181 pacientes, com predomínio de mulheres (71,3%), da raça branca (73,5%), entre 61 e 70 anos (35,4%), com história familiar positiva (75,7%). A maioria sedentária (70,2%), com sobrepeso (29,3%) e algum grau de obesidade (49,7%). Eram não fumantes (62,4%) e não etilistas (94,5%). Quando avaliadas as comorbidades associadas, houve predomínio de dislipidemia (44,8%), diabetes mellitus (33,1%) e doença arterial coronariana (23,8%). A associação de dois medicamentos foi a mais utilizada (41,4%), sendo as classes mais prevalentes os diuréticos (63%), bloqueadores dos receptores de angiotensina (61,9%) e betabloqueadores (42%). Conclusão: Perfil geral dos pacientes hipertensos atendidos no Ambulatório de Cardiologia da Unesc é de mulheres brancas com idade entre 61-70 anos, com história familiar positiva, sedentárias com sobrepeso e obesidade, com comorbidades associadas e em tratamento medicamentoso com associação de anti-hipertensivos.

Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension is the most common chronic condition treated by healthcare professionals, being considered a large public health problem due to its high prevalence, low control rate, and association with diseases that have high morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, it is important to understand the epidemiological profile of patients with hypertension at a cardiology outpatient clinic in order to assess risk factors and perform preventive interventions, aiming to reduce the incidence of this condition and achieve early control so that future complications are avoided. Methods: This is an obserCardiovational retrospective study with secondary data collection and a quantitative approach; we used medical records of patients with hypertension receiving care at the cardiology outpatient clinic of a university in the extreme south of Santa Catarina (UNESC) in 2017. Results: We included 181 patients, who were mostly women (71.3%), White (73.5%), aged between 61 and 70 years (35.4%), with positive family history (75.7%). Most of them had a sedentary lifestyle (70.2%), were overweight (29.3%), and had some degree of obesity (49.7%). Most of them did not smoke (62.4%) or drink alcohol (94.5%). When analyzing associated comorbidities, there was a predominance of dyslipidemia (44.8%), diabetes mellitus (33.1%), and coronary artery disease (23.8%). Most of them were treated with an association of two medications (41.4%), which mainly belonged to the classes of diuretics (63%), angiotensin receptor blockers (61.9%), and betablockers (42%). Conclusion: The general profile of patients with hypertension receiving care at the cardiology outpatient clinic of UNESC were White women aged between 61 and 70 years, with positive family history, a sedentary lifestyle with overweight and obesity, associated comorbidities, and using an association of anti-hypertensive medications.

Análise do delay e perfil de acometimento de pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio admitidos em um Serviço de Cardiologia / Analysis of delay and involvement profile of acute myocardial infarction patients admitted to a Cardiology Service

Introdução: A doença cardíaca isquêmica é a principal causa de morbi/mortalidade no Brasil. O sucesso da terapêutica é inversamente proporcional ao tempo de admissão, diagnóstico e tratamento. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o tempo entre o início dos sintomas de um infarto agudo do miocárdio e a procura no atendimento médico, além do perfil dos pacientes. Métodos: Estudo observacional, retrospectivo, descritivo, com coleta de dados secundários e abordagem quantitativa. Resultados: Foram analisados 238 prontuários, 76,5%, homens e 23,5%, mulheres. A média de idade foi de 61,74 ± 11,45 anos, com maior acometimento entre 55-65 anos (35,3%). Os pacientes se apresentaram, em sua maioria, com delta T de 2 a 6 horas (47,3%), sendo que 20% das mulheres se apresentaram com um delta T >24h (vs 7,4% dos homens), e 34% das mulheres (vs 50,9%) apresentaram delta T entre 2 e 6h (p= 0,049). Dos pacientes com delta T <2h, 75% estavam a < 10km (p= 0,001). Nos pacientes com tempo <2h, a trombólise foi realizada em 10% e, nos casos com >12h, o tratamento de escolha foi o conservador, sem terapia de reperfusão específica (38,8%) (p=0,001). Conclusão: Os pacientes mais prevalentes foram homens com média de 63 anos. Distância menor que 10 km e o sexo masculino (nos tempos de apresentação maiores do que 2 horas) foram fatores de apresentação precoce. A idade não se associou a atraso no atendimento.

Introduction: Ischemic heart disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in Brazil. Therapeutic success is inversely proportional to time to admission, diagnosis, and treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the time from start of acute myocardial symptoms to search for medical care, in addition to investigate patients' profile. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, observational, retrospective study of secondary data. Results: A total of 238 medical records were analyzed, of which 76.5% belonged to men and 23.5% to women. Mean age was 61.74 ± 11.45 years, and the most affected age group was 55-65 years (35.3%). Most patients had a delta T from 2 to 6 hours (47.3%), 20% of women had a delta T >24h (vs. 7.4% of men), and 34% of women (vs. 50.9%) had a delta T from 2 to 6 hours (p= 0.049). Of patients with a delta T <2h, 75% were < 10km distant from hospital care (p= 0,001). Thrombolysis was performed in 10% of patients with time of presentation <2h, and, in cases with time of presentation >12h, the treatment of choice was conservative, with no specific reperfusion therapy (38.8%) (p=0.001). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of male patients with mean age of 63 years. Distance from hospital below 10 km and male sex (in times of presentation greater than 2 hours) were factors of early presentation. Age was not associated with delayed care.

Análise do delay e perfil de acometimento de pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio admitidos em um Serviço de Cardiologia / Analysis of delay and involvement profile of acute myocardial infarction patients admitted to a Cardiology Service

Introdução: A doença cardíaca isquêmica é a principal causa de morbi/mortalidade no Brasil. O sucesso da terapêutica é inversamente proporcional ao tempo de admissão, diagnóstico e tratamento. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o tempo entre o início dos sintomas de um infarto agudo do miocárdio e a procura no atendimento médico, além do perfil dos pacientes. Métodos: Estudo observacional, retrospectivo, descritivo, com coleta de dados secundários e abordagem quantitativa. Resultados: Foram analisados 238 prontuários, 76,5%, homens e 23,5%, mulheres. A média de idade foi de 61,74 ± 11,45 anos, com maior acometimento entre 55-65 anos (35,3%). Os pacientes se apresentaram, em sua maioria, com delta T de 2 a 6 horas (47,3%), sendo que 20% das mulheres se apresentaram com um delta T >24h (vs 7,4% dos homens), e 34% das mulheres (vs 50,9%) apresentaram delta T entre 2 e 6h (p= 0,049). Dos pacientes com delta T <2h, 75% estavam a < 10km (p= 0,001). Nos pacientes com tempo <2h, a trombólise foi realizada em 10% e, nos casos com >12h, o tratamento de escolha foi o conservador, sem terapia de reperfusão específica (38,8%) (p=0,001). Conclusão: Os pacientes mais prevalentes foram homens com média de 63 anos. Distância menor que 10 km e o sexo masculino (nos tempos de apresentação maiores do que 2 horas) foram fatores de apresentação precoce. A idade não se associou a atraso no atendimento.

Introduction: Ischemic heart disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in Brazil. Therapeutic success is inversely proportional to time to admission, diagnosis, and treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the time from start of acute myocardial symptoms to search for medical care, in addition to investigate patients' profile. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, observational, retrospective study of secondary data. Results: A total of 238 medical records were analyzed, of which 76.5% belonged to men and 23.5% to women. Mean age was 61.74 ± 11.45 years, and the most affected age group was 55-65 years (35.3%). Most patients had a delta T from 2 to 6 hours (47.3%), 20% of women had a delta T >24h (vs. 7.4% of men), and 34% of women (vs. 50.9%) had a delta T from 2 to 6 hours (p= 0.049). Of patients with a delta T <2h, 75% were < 10km distant from hospital care (p= 0,001). Thrombolysis was performed in 10% of patients with time of presentation <2h, and, in cases with time of presentation>12h, the treatment of choice was conservative, with no specific reperfusion therapy (38.8%) (p=0.001). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of male patients with mean age of 63 years. Distance from hospital below 10 km and male sex (in times of presentation greater than 2 hours) were factors of early presentation. Age was not associated with delayed care.

Perfil dos anestesiologistas e os aspectos que interferem na sua satisfação profissional / Profile of anesthesiologists and the aspects that interfere in professional satisfaction

Introdução: Aspectos emocionais, sociais e de remuneração na população de anestesiologistas permanecem parcialmente obscuros. O interesse em reconhecer as características desse grupo pode permitir estratégias de saúde ocupacional que melhorem a qualidade social e profissional dos anestesiologistas. Objetivos: Conhecer o perfil dos médicos anestesiologistas e aspectos que interferem na satisfação profissional. Método: Estudo individual, observacional, transversal, caracterizado como inquérito, de abordagem quantitativa, entre os médicos anestesiologistas do estado do Paraná. Resultados: A taxa de satisfação profissional foi de 82%. A amostra teve predomínio de homens, com percentual de 58,8%, autônomos, com 40,4%, faixa etária entre 30 a 39 anos 45,1%, formados entre 10 a 29 anos, com 47,2% e os que realizam carga horária de 40 a 59 h semanais, com 50,6%. A estrutura de trabalho foi referida como boa em 54,3% das vezes e a remuneração salarial média foi de 10 a 29 mil reais 50,6% dos casos. Os resultados apontam que 75,1% realizam plantões noturnos e 55,8% não dormem bem. Conclusão: A baixa qualidade da estrutura de trabalho, a carga horária elevada, a falta de vínculo empregatício, a baixa remuneração, o sedentarismo, a realização de plantões noturnos e a privação de sono, associados a relação familiar ruim, ambiente e situações estressantes, são fatores que alteram consideravelmente a satisfação profissional do médico anestesiologista, podendo gerar problemas físicos e psicológicos, fazendo com que percam o interesse por atualizarem-se. Isso também faz com que esses profissionais encurtem suas carreiras.

Introduction: Emotional, social and remuneration aspects in the population of anesthesiologists remain partially unclear. The interest in recognizing the characteristics of this group may allow for occupational health strategies that improve the social and professional quality of anesthesiologists. Objectives: To know the profile of anesthesiologists and aspects that interfere with professional satisfaction. Method: Individual, observational, cross-sectional study, characterized as a survey, with a quantitative approach, among anesthesiologists in the state of Paraná. Results: The job satisfaction rate was 82%. The sample had a predominance of men, with a percentage of 58.8%, self-employed, with 40.4%, aged between 30 and 39 years 45.1%, graduated between 10 and 29 years, with 47.2% and those who work 40 to 59 hours per week, with 50.6%. The work structure was referred to as good in 54.3% of the cases and the average salary was between R$ 10,000.00 and 29,000.00 in 50.6% of the cases. The results indicate that 75.1% work night shifts and 55.8% do not sleep well. Conclusion: The low quality of the work structure, the high workload, the lack of employment, low pay, sedentary lifestyle, performing night shifts and sleep deprivation, associated with poor family relationships, environment and stressful situations, these are factors that considerably alter the professional satisfaction of anesthesiologists, and may cause physical and psychological problems, causing them to lose interest in updating themselves. This also causes these professionals to shorten their careers.

Functional health and perceived exertion in artisanal fishermen working offshore.

INTRODUCTION: Fishing is a common means of obtaining raw materials for the food industry and drives a large economic market. OBJECTIVES: This field study aimed to evaluate functional health and work overload in artisanal fishermen. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 42 workers from Zone 18 fishing community in Passo de Torres, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The collected data included presence of pain and its location on a Corlett body diagram, pain severity measured with a visual analog scale, perceived exertion measured with a Borg scale, and grip and lumbar strength measured with dynamometers. RESULTS: Forty percent of fishermen had low back pain and 26% had low back muscle weakness. Perceived exertion was greater in the activity of pulling out the fishing net. DISCUSSION: This professional category requires greater attention with health policies that consider the actual context of their job.

Ventosaterapia no alívio da dor cervical em costureiras do sul catarinense / Cupping therapy in the relief of cervical pain in seamstresses from southern Santa Catarina / Terapia con ventosa para aliviar el dolor cervical en costureras del sur de Santa Catarina

Objetivo:identificar os efeitos do método de ventosaterapia no alívio da dor cervical em costureiras de uma confecção do segmento vestuário jeans, na região carbonífera do sul catarinense. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e longitudinal, realizado no segundo semestre de 2019, com a utilização da ventosaterapia durante oito semanas consecutivas em costureiras de uma empresa da linha têxtil no ramo do jeans, entre 40 e 50 anos, que apresentam cervicalgia. Foi utilizado a escala visual analógica para avaliação da dor.Resultados: aamostra foi composta por mulheres com média de 44,75 ± 3,58 anos, que 100% relataram dores antes da ventosaterapia, sendo 75% na cervical e 37,5% sentia essas dores diariamente. Após ventosaterapia, 50% não apresentou dores, 87,5% relatou não atrapalhar nas atividades diárias. Conclusão: foi observado a redução significativa na dor das costureiras, após utilização de terapia com ventosas.

Objective: to identify the effects of the cupping therapy method in the relief of cervical pain in seamstresses of a clothing industry in the jeans industry, in the carboniferous region of southern Santa Catarina. Method: a quantitative and longitudinal study, carried out in the second semester of 2019, with the use of cupping therapy for eight consecutive weeks in seamstresses of a textile company in the jeans industry, between 40 and 50 years old, who have neck pain. The visual analogue scale was used to assess pain. Results: the sample consisted of women with an average of 44.75 ± 3.58 years, of which 100% reported pain before cupping therapy, 75% in the cervical and 37.5% experienced these pains daily. After cupping therapy, 50% had no pain, 87.5% reported no disturbance on their daily activities. Conclusion: a significant reduction in the pain of the seamstresses was observed, after the use of cupping therapy.

Objetivo: Identificar los efectos dela terapia comventosaen el alivio del dolor de cuello en costureras de una confección en el segmento de ropa de mezclilla, en la región carbonífera del sur de Santa Catarina.Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo y longitudinal, realizado en el segundo semestre de 2019, con el uso de la eólica durante ocho semanas consecutivas en costureras de una empresa de línea textil de la industria del jeans, de entre 40 y 50 años, que presentan dolor de cuello. La escala analógica visual se utilizó para evaluar el dolor. Resultados: la muestra estuvo conformada por mujeres con un promedio de 44,75 ± 3,58 años, que el 100% refirió dolor antes de la eólica, el 75% en la cervical y el 37,5% sintió estos dolores diariamente. Después de la terapia de viento, el50% no tuvo dolor, el 87,5% informó que no le molestaban las actividades diarias. Conclusión: se observó una reducción significativa del dolor de las costureras, luego del uso de la terapia con ventosa.