Short-term exposition to acute cadmium toxicity induces the loss of root gravitropic stimuli perception through PIN2-mediated auxin redistribution in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.

Cadmium (Cd), one of the most widespread and water-soluble polluting heavy metals, has been widely studied on plants, even if the mechanisms underlying its phytotoxicity remain elusive. Indeed, most experiments are performed using extensive exposure time to the toxicants, not observing the primary targets affected. The present work studied Cd effects on Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh's root apical meristem (RAM) exposed for short periods (24 h and 48 h) to acute phytotoxic concentrations (100 and 150 µM). The effects were studied through integrated morpho-histological, molecular, pharmacological and metabolomic analyses, highlighting that Cd inhibited primary root elongation by affecting the meristem zone via altering cell expansion. Moreover, Cd altered Auxin accumulation in RAM and affected PINs polar transporters, particularly PIN2. In addition, we observed that high Cd concentration induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in roots, which resulted in an altered organization of cortical microtubules and the starch and sucrose metabolism, altering the statolith formation and, consequently, the gravitropic root response. Our results demonstrated that short Cd exposition (24 h) affected cell expansion preferentially, altering auxin distribution and inducing ROS accumulation, which resulted in an alteration of gravitropic response and microtubules orientation pattern.

Short-Term Effects of Trans-Cinnamic Acid on the Metabolism of Zea mays L. Roots.

trans-Cinnamic acid is a phenolic compound widely studied in plant metabolism due to its importance in regulating different plant processes. Previous studies on maize plants showed that this compound could affect plant growth and causes metabolic changes in the leaves when applied. However, its effects on root metabolism are not well known. This study analyses the short-term effect of trans-cinnamic acid on the morphology of vascular bundle elements and metabolism in maize roots. At short times (between 6 and 12 h), there is a reduction in the content of many amino acids which may be associated with the altered nitrogen uptake observed in earlier work. In addition, the compound caused an alteration of the vascular bundles at 48 h and seemed to have changed the metabolism in roots to favor lignin and galactose synthesis. The results obtained complement those previously carried out on maize plants, demonstrating that in the short term trans-cinnamic acid can trigger stress-coping processes in the treated plants.

Comparative transcriptomic profiling of peach and nectarine cultivars reveals cultivar-specific responses to chilled postharvest storage.

Introduction: Peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,) and nectarine fruits (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, var nectarine), are characterized by a rapid deterioration at room temperature. Therefore, cold storage is widely used to delay fruit post-harvest ripening and extend fruit commercial life. Physiological disorders, collectively known as chilling injury, can develop typically after 3 weeks of low-temperature storage and affect fruit quality. Methods: A comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed to identify regulatory pathways that develop before chilling injury symptoms are detectable using next generation sequencing on the fruits of two contrasting cultivars, one peach (Sagittaria) and one nectarine, (Big Top), over 14 days of postharvest cold storage. Results: There was a progressive increase in the number of differentially expressed genes between time points (DEGs) in both cultivars. More (1264) time point DEGs were identified in 'Big Top' compared to 'Sagittaria' (746 DEGs). Both cultivars showed a downregulation of pathways related to photosynthesis, and an upregulation of pathways related to amino sugars, nucleotide sugar metabolism and plant hormone signal transduction with ethylene pathways being most affected. Expression patterns of ethylene related genes (including biosynthesis, signaling and ERF transcription factors) correlated with genes involved in cell wall modification, membrane composition, pathogen and stress response, which are all involved later during storage in development of chilling injury. Discussion: Overall, the results show that common pathways are activated in the fruit of 'Big Top' nectarine and 'Sagittaria' peach in response to cold storage but include also differences that are cultivar-specific responses.

Cadmium affects cell niches maintenance in Arabidopsis thaliana post-embryonic shoot and root apical meristem by altering the expression of WUS/WOX homolog genes and cytokinin accumulation.

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most widespread polluting heavy metals in both terrestrial and aquatic environments and represents an extremely significant pollutant causing severe environmental and social problems due to its high toxicity and large solubility in water. In plants, the root is the first organ that get in contact with Cd. It is absorbed by the root system and translocated to the shoot and leaves through xylem loading, causing a variety of genetic, biochemical, and physiological damages. Cd inhibits both the root and shoot growth, but the mechanisms underlying this inhibition remain elusive. In this context in the present work we focused the attention on the effects of Cd on meristem size and organization of both shoot and root. To this aim morpho-histological and molecular analyses were carried out on 5 days old seedlings exposed or not to Cd (100 µM and 150 µM for 24) of wild type and transgenic lines expressing molecular markers with an important role in shoot and root pattern organization. More precisely, we monitored the expression pattern of WUS/CLV3 and WOX5 transcription factors involved in the establishment and maintenance of stem cell niche and the control of meristem size and of TCSn::GFP cytokinin-sensitive sensor as relevant components of hormone circuit controlling shoot and root growth. The results highlighted that the treatments with Cd impacts shoot and root size and shape by altering the paralogous WOX genes expression via cytokinin accumulation.

Coumarin Interferes with Polar Auxin Transport Altering Microtubule Cortical Array Organization in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Root Apical Meristem.

Coumarin is a phytotoxic natural compound able to affect plant growth and development. Previous studies have demonstrated that this molecule at low concentrations (100 µM) can reduce primary root growth and stimulate lateral root formation, suggesting an auxin-like activity. In the present study, we evaluated coumarin's effects (used at lateral root-stimulating concentrations) on the root apical meristem and polar auxin transport to identify its potential mode of action through a confocal microscopy approach. To achieve this goal, we used several Arabidopsis thaliana GFP transgenic lines (for polar auxin transport evaluation), immunolabeling techniques (for imaging cortical microtubules), and GC-MS analysis (for auxin quantification). The results highlighted that coumarin induced cyclin B accumulation, which altered the microtubule cortical array organization and, consequently, the root apical meristem architecture. Such alterations reduced the basipetal transport of auxin to the apical root apical meristem, inducing its accumulation in the maturation zone and stimulating lateral root formation.

Case for diagnosis. Palate perforation due to cocaine use

Abstract: We report a 42-year-old cocaine addicted female patient referred for evaluation of hard palate ulceration resulting in oro-sinus communication with difficulties in swallowing and phonation, an rhino-sinusitis. Acrylic and removable silicone prosthesis was prescribed to relieve severe functional disorders. It is essential that the patient permanently abandons cocaine use to perform surgical reconstruction.

Case for diagnosis. Palate perforation due to cocaine use.

We report a 42-year-old cocaine addicted female patient referred for evaluation of hard palate ulceration resulting in oro-sinus communication with difficulties in swallowing and phonation, an rhino-sinusitis. Acrylic and removable silicone prosthesis was prescribed to relieve severe functional disorders. It is essential that the patient permanently abandons cocaine use to perform surgical reconstruction.

Factores de riesgo y extensión de la enfermedad coronaria evaluada por angiografía coronaria no invasiva / Risk Factors and Extension of Ischemic Heart Disease Assessed by Non Invasive Coronary Angiography

Antecedentes A pesar de que numerosos estudios han establecido una clara asociación entre los factores de riesgo (FR) y los eventos cardiovasculares, la relación entre la extensión total de la aterosclerosis coronaria y los FR no se ha establecido categóricamente. Objetivo Explorar la relación entre factores de riesgo coronario tradicionales y la presencia y extensión de aterosclerosis coronaria mediante angiografía coronaria por tomografía computarizada multicorte (ACTCM) de alta resolución. Material y métodos En este estudio monocéntrico observacional, pacientes consecutivos en ritmo sinusal se estudiaron mediante angiografía coronaria por tomografía computarizada multicorte. La población se categorizó prospectivamente en tres grupos de acuerdo con el número de FR. Resultados Se incluyeron en el estudio 117 pacientes. La edad media fue de 58,5 ± 10,6 años, el 81% eran hombres y el 19% eran diabéticos. Se observó una correlación significativa entre la prevalencia de cualquier lesión (p = 0,001), de lesiones significativas (p < 0,001), de múltiples lesiones no significativas (p < 0,001) y de múltiples lesiones significativas (p < 0,001) y el número de FR. En paralelo, tanto el número de lesiones (1,9 ± 2,3 versus 4,3 ± 3,3 versus 6,6 ± 2,6, p < 0,001) como el puntaje de calcio [2,79 (0,0; 44,0) versus 64,0 (0,0; 273,2) versus 539,0 (74,0; 1.405,9), p = 0,001] fueron significativamente mayores en pacientes con múltiples FR. Individualmente, numerosos FR se asociaron con la presencia de lesiones. La edad, la diabetes, la hipercolesterolemia, la hipertensión, el antecedente de IAM y el tabaquismo se encontraron relacionados con la presencia de aterosclerosis, ya sea por evidenciar mayor prevalencia de lesiones, mayor número total de lesiones y/o mayor puntaje de calcio. Conclusiones En el presente estudio se encontró una relación significativa entre el número de factores de riesgo, así como de numerosos FR per se, y la extensión de la aterosclerosis coronaria evaluada mediante angiografía coronaria por tomografía computarizada multicorte.

Background Although several studies have well established the association between risk factors (RF) and cardiovascular events, the relationship between the total extension of coronary atherosclerosis and RF has not been clearly determined yet. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between traditional coronary risk factors with the presence and extension of coronary atherosclerosis using high-resolution multislice computed tomography (MSCT). Material and methods We conducted a monocentric and observational study on consecutive patients in sinus rhythm who underwent multislice computed tomography coronary angiography. The population was prospectively categorized in three groups according to the number of RF. Results One hundred and seventeen patients were included. Mean age was 58.5 ± 10.6 years, 81% were men and 19 suffered from diabetes. A positive association was observed between the number of RF and the prevalence of any lesion (p = 0,001), of significant lesions (p < 0.001), of multiple non significant lesions (p < 0.001) and of multiple significant lesions (p < 0.001). The number of lesions (1.9 ± 2.3 versus 4.3 ± 3.3 versus 6.6 ± 2.6, p < 0,001), and the calcium score [2.79 (0.0; 44.0) versus 64.0 (0.0; 273.2) versus 539.0 (74.0; 1,405.9), p = 0.001] were significantly greater in patients with multiple RF. Several RF were individually associated with the presence of lesions. Age, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia,hypertension, a history of previous myocardial infarction and smoking habits were related to the presence of atherosclerosis, either by the evidence of a greater prevalence of lesions, of greater total number of lesions ad/or higher calcium scores. Conclusions This study found a significant relationship between the number of risk factors, as well as several risk factors per se, and the extension of coronary atherosclerosis assessed by multislice computed tomography coronary angiography.

Survivin is highly expressed and promotes cell survival in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma.

BACKGROUND: The biology of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is largely unknown. In the present study, we assessed the expression of survivin and other members of the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAP) family (IAP-1, IAP-2 and X-IAP) in a series of 32 MPM surgical specimens and investigated the effects of survivin knockdown in an established MPM cell line. METHODS: Expression of different IAPs was measured by immunohistochemistry. MPM cells were transfected with a small-interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting survivin mRNA and analyzed for survivin expression, growth rate, and ability to undergo spontaneous and drug (cisplatin, doxorubicin)-induced apoptosis. RESULTS: Survivin expression was observed in 29 (91%) surgical MPM specimens, whereas the positivity rate for the other IAPs ranged from 69% to 100%. Transfection of MPM cells with the survivin siRNA induced a marked inhibition of survivin protein expression, a time-dependent decline in cell growth and an enhanced rate of spontaneous and drug-induced apoptosis, with a concomitant increase in the catalytic activity of caspase-9. CONCLUSION: Our results show for the first time that survivin, as well as other IAPs, is largely expressed in clinical MPMs and suggest that strategies aimed at down-regulating survivin may provide a novel approach for the treatment of the malignancy.

Feeding differences in pubertal and aged golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) are related to specific cerebral expression pattern of histamine subtype 3 receptor.

The hibernating golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) is becoming a useful rodent model to study the neurophysiological role of some neuromediators on vital behaviors such as sleep and thermoregulation. Recent works have shown that the histamine neuroreceptor subtypes (H-sub(1-3)R) are able to modulate such behaviors. Here, specific subtype(s) and cerebral nuclei that were actively operating on feeding behaviors in pubertal and adult hamsters were identified. Of the subtypes assessed, H-sub-3R antagonist (thioperamide) provoked significant (p < .001) changes in behavior (very low total food and water intake) in adults, whereas it did not significantly modify these behaviors in pubertals. The H-sub-3R antagonist's role seemed to be related to elevated amounts of stress-induced damaged neurons displaying, mainly, shrunken crenated cell membranes and altered synaptic processes in limbic areas such as amygdala, cortex, and hippocampus. At the transcription level, an evident expression pattern of H-sub-3R messenger RNA appeared in pubertals, especially in neurons of the cortex and hippocampus, whereas the same trend was featured in amygdalar areas of hibernating adult hamsters, suggesting early H-sub-3R regulatory activities, at least in limbic sites of this rodent model.

Some environmental contaminants influence motor and feeding behaviors in the ornate wrasse (Thalassoma pavo) via distinct cerebral histamine receptor subtypes.

Common environmental contaminants such as heavy metals and pesticides pose serious risks to behavioral and neuroendocrine functions of many aquatic organisms. In the present study, we show that the heavy metal cadmium and the pesticide endosulfan produce such effects through an interaction of specific cerebral histamine receptor subtypes in the teleost ornate wrasse (Thalassoma pavo). Treatment of this teleost with toxic cadmium levels for 1 week was sufficient to induce abnormal swimming movements, whereas reduced feeding behaviors were provoked predominantly by elevated endosulfan concentrations. In the brain, these environmental contaminants caused neuronal degeneration in cerebral targets such as the mesencephalon and hypothalamus, damage that appeared to correlate with altered binding levels of the three major histamine receptors (subtypes 1, 2, and 3). Although cadmium accounted for reduced binding activity of all three subtypes in most brain regions, it was subtype 2 that seemed to be its main target, as shown by a very great (p < 0.001) down-regulation in mesencephalic areas such as the stratum griseum central layer. Conversely, endosulfan provided very great and great (p < 0.01) up-regulating effects of subtype 3 and 1 levels, respectively, in preoptic-hypothalamic areas such as the medial part of the lateral tuberal nucleus, and in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. These results suggest that the neurotoxicant-dependent abnormal motor and feeding behaviors may well be tightly linked to binding activities of distinct histamine subtypes in localized brain regions of the Thalassoma pavo.

Neurobiological effects of bisphenol A may be mediated by somatostatin subtype 3 receptors in some regions of the developing rat brain.

Considerable attention has been focused on environmental disruptors such as the xenoestrogen bisphenol A, which influences reproductive, developmental, and cognitive activities through its interaction with specific neuromediating systems in an estrogen-like fashion. In the present study, the effects of this xenoestrogen proved to be preferentially directed toward hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic somatostatin receptor subtype 3, which displayed a higher binding affinity of its specific nonpeptide agonist L-796-778 than that of L-779-976 (subtype 2). One type of action, with respect to animals treated with vehicle alone, consisted of a very strong (p < 0.001) decrease of somatostatin receptor subtype 3 mRNA levels in layer V of the frontoparietal cortex of adult rats (Sprague-Dawley) after transplacental and lactational exposure to bisphenol A (400 microg/kg/day). Similarly, such treatment in 7-day-old rats was responsible for a very strong reduction of the subtype 3 mRNA levels in the hypothalamic periventricular nuclei and a strong (p < 0.01) increase of the subtype 3 mRNA levels in the ventromedial nuclei. Moreover, even greater upregulated and downregulated activities were reported when subtype 3 mRNA levels were determined in the presence of receptor agonists specific for distinct alpha GABA(A) receptor subunits (alpha(1,5)). The predominant effects of bisphenol A on somatostatin receptor subtype 3 mRNA levels occurring in an alpha GABA(A) subunit-dependent manner tend to suggest the early modulatory importance of this environmental disruptor on cross-talking mechanisms that are implicated in the plasticity of neural circuits, with consequential influence on neuroendocrine/sociosexual behaviors.

The histaminergic signaling system exerts a neuroprotective role against neurodegenerative-induced processes in the hamster.

The neurotoxic 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP), a freckled milk vetch-derived inhibitor of mitochondrial enzymatic processes that is capable of mimicking the typical pathological features of neurodegenerative disorders, behaved in a differentiated manner in a hibernating rodent (hamster) with respect to a nonhibernating rodent (rat). Treatment of the two rodents with both an acute and chronic 3-NP dose supplied deleterious neuronal effects due to distinct histamine receptor (H(n)R) transcriptional activities, especially in the case of the rat. In hamsters, these treatment modalities accounted for overall reduced global activity in a freely moving environment and overt motor symptoms such as hindlimb dystonia and clasping with respect to the greater abnormal motor behaviors in rats. This behavioral difference appeared to be strongly related to qualitative fewer neuronal alterations and, namely, lesser crenated cell membranes, swollen mitochondria, and darkened nuclei in hamster brain areas. Moreover, a mixed H(1,3)R mRNA expression pattern was reported for both rodents treated with a chronic 3-NP dose as demonstrated by predominantly low H1R mRNA levels (>50%) in rat striatum and cortex, whereas extremely high H3R levels (>80%) characterized the lateral and central amygdala nuclei plus the striatum of hamsters. Interestingly, the H3R antagonist (thioperamide) blocked 3-NP-dependent behaviors plus induced an up-regulation of H1R levels in mainly the above-reported hamster amygdalar nuclei. Overall, these results show, for the first time, that a major protective role against neurodegenerative events appears to be strongly related to the expression activity of H(1,3)R subtypes of amygdalar neurons in this hibernating model.

Effects of the xenoestrogen bisphenol A in diencephalic regions of the teleost fish Coris julis occur preferentially via distinct somatostatin receptor subtypes.

The xenoestrogen bisphenol A, a contaminant used in the manufacturing of polymers for many consumer products, has been shown to mimic estrogenic actions. This xenoestrogen regulates secretion and expression of pituitary lactotrophs plus morphological and structural features of estrogen target tissues in rodents. Recently, ecological hazards produced by bisphenol A have drawn interests towards the effects of this environmental chemical on neurobiological functions of aquatic vertebrates of which little is known. In this study, the effects of bisphenol A on the distribution of the biologically more active somatostatin receptor subtypes in diencephalic regions of the teleost fish Coris julis were assessed using nonpeptide agonists (L-779, 976 and L-817, 818) that are highly selective for subtype(2) and subtype(5), respectively. Bisphenol A proved to be responsible for highly significant increased binding levels of subtype(2) in hypothalamic areas, while markedly decreased levels of subtype(5) were found in these diencephalic areas, as well as in the medial preglomerular nucleus. The extensive distribution of somatostatin receptor subtype(2) and subtype(5) in the teleost diencephalic areas suggests that, like in mammals, this receptor system may not only be involved in enhanced hypophysiotropic neurohormonal functions but might also promote neuroplasticity events.

Different somatostatin receptor subtypes are operating in the brain of the teleost fish, Coris julis.

Characterization of somatostatinergic (sst) neuronal activity through the application of nonpeptidyl agonists L-779,976 and L-817,818 which are highly specific for the sst receptors (sstr) sstr(2) and sstr(5), respectively, shows for the first time that sstr2, 5-like subtypes are the two major sstr subtypes operating in the brain of the teleost sea wrasse, Coris julis. A somewhat high but heterogeneous distribution pattern (> 30 < 180 fmol/mg wet tissue weight) of neurons expressing sstr2, 5 was reported in the different diencephalic regions plus in mesencephalon and telencephalon while low values were obtained in the cerebellum. Application of the above nonpeptidyl agonists permitted us to identify sstr2-like as the predominant subtype in telencephalic areas such as the entopeduncular nucleus (E) and postcommissural nucleus of the ventral telencephalon (Vp) as well as in hypothalamic and thalamic areas. At the same time high levels of neurons expressing sstr5-like, that greatly overlap those of sstr2-like in the diencephalic areas such as the anteroventral part of the preoptic nucleus (NPOav), the dorsal habenular nucleus (NHd) and the ventrolateral thalamic nucleus (VL), indicate that sstr2-like is very likely not the only sstr subtype acting in this fish brain. The predominance of sstr5-like in other brain areas is confirmed by the high quantities of this subtype in mesencephalic areas such as the torus longitudinalis (TLo). Overall, the discriminately differing densities of neurons expressing both subtypes seem to point to this system as a key molecular basis accounting for the distinct neurophysiological and behavioral sst-dependent activities in Coris julis.

Early cerebral activities of the environmental estrogen bisphenol A appear to act via the somatostatin receptor subtype sst(2).

Recently, considerable interest has been aroused by the specific actions of bisphenol A (BPA). The present investigation represents a first study dealing with the interaction of BPA with the biologically more active somatostatin receptor subtype (sst(2)) in the rat limbic circuit. After treating pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats with two doses (400 microg/kg/day; 40 microg/kg/day) of BPA, the binding activity of the above receptor subtype was evaluated in some limbic regions of the offspring. The higher dose proved to be the more effective one, as demonstrated by the elevated affinity of sst(2) with its specific radioligand, [(125)I]-Tyr(0)somatostatin-14. The most dramatic effects of BPA on sst(2) levels occurred at the low-affinity states of such a subtype in some telencephalic limbic areas of postnatal rats (10 days of age; postnatal day [PND] 10). These included lower (p < 0.05) sst(2) levels in the gyrus dentate of the hippocampus and basomedial nucleus of the amygdala; significantly higher (p < 0.01) levels were observed only for the high-affinity states of the periventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. A similar trend was maintained in PND 23 rats with the exception of much lower levels of the high-affinity sst(2) receptor subtype in the amygdala nucleus and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. However, greater changes produced by this environmental estrogen were reported when the binding activity of sst(2) was checked in the presence of the two more important selective agonists (zolpidem and Ro 15-4513) specific for the alpha-containing Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor complex. In this case, an even greater potentiating effect (p < 0.001) was mainly obtained for the low-affinity sst(2) receptor subtype in PND 10 animals, with the exception of the high-affinity type in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus and gyrus dentate. These results support the contention that an sst(2) subtype alpha-containing GABA type A receptor system might represent an important neuromediating station capable of promoting estrogenlike mechanisms of BPA, especially during the early developmental phases.

Patología pulmonar en pacientes con tratamiento oncológico sistémico: hallazgos tomográficos y resultados anatomopatológicos / Pulmonary disease in the oncologic immunosupressed patient: CT and pathologic examination findings

Las complicaciones pulmonares agudas son una importante causa de morbimortalidad en los pacientes con tratamiento oncológico sistémico. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la utilidad de la TC en la evaluación de las complicaciones pulmonares que se presentan en estos pacientes. Se revisaron retrospectivamente estudios tomográficos de tórax de 26 pacientes con tratamiento oncológico sistémico (transplante de médula ósea, quimioterapia, radioterapia). El rango etario de los pacientes fue de 6 a 66 años (media de 37,96 años) y se incluyeron 14 mujeres y 12 varones. Dieciocho casos recibieron transplante de médula ósea (alogénico o autólogo) y doce pacientes tuvieron examen histopatológico. En 13 casos, la consolidación del espacio aéreo fue el hallazgo predominante por TC. Concluimos que los patrones tomográficos en pacientes con tratamiento oncológico sistémico son relativamente inespecíficos. Por lo tanto, los hallazgos tomográficos deberán ser siempre interpretados en el contexto clínico adecuado

Patología pulmonar en pacientes con tratamiento oncológico sistémico: hallazgos tomográficos y resultados anatomopatológicos / Pulmonary disease in the oncologic immunosupressed patient: CT and pathologic examination findings

Las complicaciones pulmonares agudas son una importante causa de morbimortalidad en los pacientes con tratamiento oncológico sistémico. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la utilidad de la TC en la evaluación de las complicaciones pulmonares que se presentan en estos pacientes. Se revisaron retrospectivamente estudios tomográficos de tórax de 26 pacientes con tratamiento oncológico sistémico (transplante de médula ósea, quimioterapia, radioterapia). El rango etario de los pacientes fue de 6 a 66 años (media de 37,96 años) y se incluyeron 14 mujeres y 12 varones. Dieciocho casos recibieron transplante de médula ósea (alogénico o autólogo) y doce pacientes tuvieron examen histopatológico. En 13 casos, la consolidación del espacio aéreo fue el hallazgo predominante por TC. Concluimos que los patrones tomográficos en pacientes con tratamiento oncológico sistémico son relativamente inespecíficos. Por lo tanto, los hallazgos tomográficos deberán ser siempre interpretados en el contexto clínico adecuado (AU)

La RNM en el estudio de los lóbulos temporales / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in the exploration of temporal lobe lesions

La RNM ha probado ser una técnica de alta sensibilidad diagnóstica en la exploración de las lesiones de los lóbulos temporales. En la actualidad se la considera como método de elección, debido a la capacidad de examen multiplano, la exquisita definición anatómica, la anulación de artefactos en base de cráneo y fosa media y las ventajas propias de la cateterización tisular, lo que permite el diagnóstico específico de entidades tales como la esclerosis mesial y la gliosis del hipocampo, las heterotopías y algunas malformaciones vasculares no detectables con TC. Se realiza una revisión anatómica de las regiones temporales y se presentan los casos más representativos de una serie de 15 pacientes portadores de epilepsia parcial, cuyos diagnósticos etiológicos se realizan exclusivamente con RNM

La RNM en el estudio de los lóbulos temporales / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in the exploration of temporal lobe lesions

La RNM ha probado ser una técnica de alta sensibilidad diagnóstica en la exploración de las lesiones de los lóbulos temporales. En la actualidad se la considera como método de elección, debido a la capacidad de examen multiplano, la exquisita definición anatómica, la anulación de artefactos en base de cráneo y fosa media y las ventajas propias de la cateterización tisular, lo que permite el diagnóstico específico de entidades tales como la esclerosis mesial y la gliosis del hipocampo, las heterotopías y algunas malformaciones vasculares no detectables con TC. Se realiza una revisión anatómica de las regiones temporales y se presentan los casos más representativos de una serie de 15 pacientes portadores de epilepsia parcial, cuyos diagnósticos etiológicos se realizan exclusivamente con RNM