RESUMO
The objectives of the present study were: (i) to assess the frequency of oral colonisation by Candida species in HIV-positive patients and to compare it with a population of HIV-negative individuals, (ii) to determine the prevalence of C. dubliniensis in both populations and (iii) to determine the susceptibility of C. dubliniensis and other Candida species isolated from HIV-positive patients to the most commonly used antifungal agents. Oral samples were obtained from 101 HIV-positive and 108 HIV-negative subjects. For yeast identification, we used morphology in cornmeal agar, the API 20C Aux, growth at 45 degrees C, d-xylose assimilation, morphology in sunflower seed agar and PCR. The frequency of isolation of Candida in HIV-positive patients was: C. albicans, 60.7%; C. dubliniensis, 20.2%; C. glabrata, 5.6%; C. krusei, 5.6%; C. tropicalis, 4.5%; others, <5%. The frequency of isolation of Candida in HIV-negative patients was: C. albicans, 73.9%; C. tropicalis, 15.5%; C. dubliniensis, 2.1%; C. glabrata, 2.1%; C. parapsilosis, 2.1%; others, <5%. The oral colonisation by yeast in the HIV-positive patients was higher than that in the HIV-negative subjects. The susceptibilities of 42 Candida isolates to three antifungal agents were determined. All isolates of C. dubliniensis were susceptible to fluconazole, although several individuals had been previously treated with this drug. Out of the 42 Candida isolates, 10 presented resistance to fluconazole and 10 to itraconazole. The presence of Candida species, resistant to commonly used antifungal agents, represents a potential risk in immunocompromised patients.
Assuntos
Candida/classificação , Candida/isolamento & purificação , Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/microbiologia , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Boca/microbiologia , Adulto , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Farmacorresistência Fúngica , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Yeast adherence to epithelial cells is a very important step in colonization and infection caused by these opportunistic pathogens. This phenomenon may be modified in vitro by many factors. The aim of this work was to find out how variations in pH and temperature modify the in vitro adherence of Candida albicans to epithelial cells. We worked with epithelial buccal cells and a yeast strain according to Gibbons and Van Houte technique with slight modifications. In the first assay, adherence at 28 degrees C and 37 degrees C, and three pH values, 6, 7.2 and 8.4 were simultaneously studied. We did not find significant variations in adherente capacity, but a slight increase was detected at pH 7.2 and 37 degrees C. In the second assay, temperature was fixed at 37 degrees C and four pH values were studied: 3, 4, 5, and 7.2. We find a highly significant difference (p < 0.001) between adherente at pH = 7.2 with respect to the other pH values. According to these results C. albicans adherence to epithelial buccal cells, in vitro, is produced at 37 degrees C and pH 7.2 in optimal conditions.
RESUMO
Se procesan los datos correspondientes al período 1983-1993 de los exámenes coproparasitológicos efectuados por demanda espontánea en el Laboratorio Asistencial del Area Parasitología del Departamento de Microbiología de la Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Se consideraron las variables de sexo, edad, prevalencia parasitaria y asociaciones más frecuentes. En el lapso estudiado se observó un aumento de resultados positivos del 7,5 por ciento. Los grupos etarios entre 0-15 años fueron los más impactados. Concomitantemente hubo un incremento de poliparasitosis (3 o más parásitos) del 11,38 por ciento. En orden decreciente figuran Giardia lamblia, Blastocystis hominis, Enterobius vermicularis y Entamoeba coli. Ascaris lumbricoides aumentó significativamente en el período comprendido entre 1983-1993.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Argentina , Infecções por Blastocystis/epidemiologia , Enteropatias Parasitárias/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Ascaríase/epidemiologia , Enterobíase/diagnóstico , Enterobíase/epidemiologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Giardíase/epidemiologia , Himenolepíase/epidemiologia , Oxiuríase/epidemiologia , Manejo de Espécimes/normasRESUMO
Se procesan los datos correspondientes al período 1983-1993 de los exámenes coproparasitológicos efectuados por demanda espontánea en el Laboratorio Asistencial del Area Parasitología del Departamento de Microbiología de la Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Se consideraron las variables de sexo, edad, prevalencia parasitaria y asociaciones más frecuentes. En el lapso estudiado se observó un aumento de resultados positivos del 7,5 por ciento. Los grupos etarios entre 0-15 años fueron los más impactados. Concomitantemente hubo un incremento de poliparasitosis (3 o más parásitos) del 11,38 por ciento. En orden decreciente figuran Giardia lamblia, Blastocystis hominis, Enterobius vermicularis y Entamoeba coli. Ascaris lumbricoides aumentó significativamente en el período comprendido entre 1983-1993. (AU)