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1.
Cancer Discov ; 14(4): 669-673, 2024 Apr 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38571430

RESUMO

SUMMARY: The field of cancer neuroscience has begun to define the contributions of nerves to cancer initiation and progression; here, we highlight the future directions of basic and translational cancer neuroscience for malignancies arising outside of the central nervous system.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Neurociências , Humanos , Sistema Nervoso Central , Previsões , Proteômica
2.
Cancer Res ; 84(7): 956-957, 2024 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38558129

RESUMO

I was recently surprised to hear a medical doctor on a TV show refute the role of stress in cancer, assuming that "the whole population would have cancer if this was the case." This statement illustrates a long and winding road since Hippocrates suggested the potential relationship between cancer and psychologic disturbances. The 20th and 21st centuries have finally witnessed the evidence of how physical or psychosocial stress situations contribute to the development and progression of cancer, and it is now assumed that psychologic stress does affect multiple aspects of cancer such as angiogenesis, immunologic escape, invasion, and metastasis. The 2010 publication by Sloan and colleagues in Cancer Research achieved a mechanistic step toward the understanding of how physical distress enhances metastasis through perturbation of the tumor immune system and paves the way for future cancer research in psychoneuroimmunology. This Landmark commentary places this publication in the historical context of science, discusses major advances in the field, and asks questions to be answered while drawing perspectives on the key role of the peripheral and central nervous systems in cancer. See related article by Sloan and colleagues, Cancer Res 2010;70:7042-52.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Estresse Psicológico , Humanos , Psiconeuroimunologia , Sistema Imunitário
3.
Neuron ; 111(21): 3358-3360, 2023 11 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37918352

RESUMO

Claire Magnon helped develop the term "cancer neuroscience." She discusses what inspired her to uncover how tumors are infiltrated by and crosstalk with nerves and also connect with the brain and how these interactions can be exploited therapeutically. She also speculates on how revolutions in neuroimmunology and AI will help advance this nascent field.


Assuntos
Encéfalo , Neurociências , Feminino , Humanos , Neuroimunomodulação
4.
Nat Rev Cancer ; 23(5): 317-334, 2023 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37041409

RESUMO

The recently uncovered key role of the peripheral and central nervous systems in controlling tumorigenesis and metastasis has opened a new area of research to identify innovative approaches against cancer. Although the 'neural addiction' of cancer is only partially understood, in this Perspective we discuss the current knowledge and perspectives on peripheral and central nerve circuitries and brain areas that can support tumorigenesis and metastasis and the possible reciprocal influence that the brain and peripheral tumours exert on one another. Tumours can build up local autonomic and sensory nerve networks and are able to develop a long-distance relationship with the brain through circulating adipokines, inflammatory cytokines, neurotrophic factors or afferent nerve inputs, to promote cancer initiation, growth and dissemination. In turn, the central nervous system can affect tumour development and metastasis through the activation or dysregulation of specific central neural areas or circuits, as well as neuroendocrine, neuroimmune or neurovascular systems. Studying neural circuitries in the brain and tumours, as well as understanding how the brain communicates with the tumour or how intratumour nerves interplay with the tumour microenvironment, can reveal unrecognized mechanisms that promote cancer development and progression and open up opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Targeting the dysregulated peripheral and central nervous systems might represent a novel strategy for next-generation cancer treatment that could, in part, be achieved through the repurposing of neuropsychiatric drugs in oncology.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Humanos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Carcinogênese , Microambiente Tumoral
5.
Adv Exp Med Biol ; 1329: 271-294, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34664245

RESUMO

The central and autonomic nervous systems interact and converge to build up an adrenergic nerve network capable of promoting cancer. While a local adrenergic sympathetic innervation in peripheral solid tumors influences cancer and stromal cell behavior, the brain can participate to the development of cancer through an intermixed dysregulation of the sympathoadrenal system, adrenergic neurons, and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. A deeper understanding of the adrenergic nerve circuitry within the brain and tumors and its interactions with the microenvironment should enable elucidation of original mechanisms of cancer and novel therapeutic strategies.


Assuntos
Adrenérgicos , Neoplasias , Sistema Nervoso Autônomo , Encéfalo , Humanos , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisário , Microambiente Tumoral
7.
Cell ; 181(2): 219-222, 2020 04 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32302564

RESUMO

Mounting evidence indicates that the nervous system plays a central role in cancer pathogenesis. In turn, cancers and cancer therapies can alter nervous system form and function. This Commentary seeks to describe the burgeoning field of "cancer neuroscience" and encourage multidisciplinary collaboration for the study of cancer-nervous system interactions.


Assuntos
Neoplasias/metabolismo , Sistema Nervoso/metabolismo , Humanos , Neurociências
8.
Nature ; 577(7792): E10, 2020 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31911658

RESUMO

An Amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

9.
Nature ; 569(7758): 672-678, 2019 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31092925

RESUMO

Autonomic nerve fibres in the tumour microenvironment regulate cancer initiation and dissemination, but how nerves emerge in tumours is currently unknown. Here we show that neural progenitors from the central nervous system that express doublecortin (DCX+) infiltrate prostate tumours and metastases, in which they initiate neurogenesis. In mouse models of prostate cancer, oscillations of DCX+ neural progenitors in the subventricular zone-a neurogenic area of the central nervous system-are associated with disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and with the egress of DCX+ cells into the circulation. These cells then infiltrate and reside in the tumour, and can generate new adrenergic neurons. Selective genetic depletion of DCX+ cells inhibits the early phases of tumour development in our mouse models of prostate cancer, whereas transplantation of DCX+ neural progenitors promotes tumour growth and metastasis. In humans, the density of DCX+ neural progenitors is strongly associated with the aggressiveness and recurrence of prostate adenocarcinoma. These results reveal a unique crosstalk between the central nervous system and prostate tumours, and indicate neural targets for the treatment of cancer.


Assuntos
Sistema Nervoso Central/patologia , Células-Tronco Neurais/patologia , Neurogênese , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Neurônios Adrenérgicos/patologia , Animais , Carcinogênese , Diferenciação Celular , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Proteínas do Domínio Duplacortina , Proteína Duplacortina , Genes myc , Humanos , Ventrículos Laterais/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Proteínas Associadas aos Microtúbulos/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Neurais/metabolismo , Neuropeptídeos/metabolismo , Bulbo Olfatório/patologia , Prognóstico
10.
Cell Stem Cell ; 20(5): 648-658.e4, 2017 05 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28196601

RESUMO

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are mobilized from niches in the bone marrow (BM) to the blood circulation by the cytokine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) through complex mechanisms. Among these, signals from the sympathetic nervous system regulate HSC egress via its niche, but how the brain communicates with the BM remains largely unknown. Here we show that muscarinic receptor type-1 (Chrm1) signaling in the hypothalamus promotes G-CSF-elicited HSC mobilization via hormonal priming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Blockade of Chrm1 in the CNS, but not the periphery, reduces HSC mobilization. Mobilization is impaired in Chrm1-∕- mice and rescued by parabiosis with wild-type mice, suggesting a relay by a blood-borne factor. We have identified the glucocorticoid (GC) hormones as critical for optimal mobilization. Physiological levels of corticosterone promote HSC migration via the GC receptor Nr3c1-dependent signaling and upregulation of actin-organizing molecules. These results uncover long-range regulation of HSC migration emerging from the brain.


Assuntos
Sistema Nervoso Central/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistema Nervoso Central/metabolismo , Glucocorticoides/farmacologia , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/farmacologia , Animais , Células da Medula Óssea/citologia , Células da Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Citometria de Fluxo , Imunofluorescência , Mobilização de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Humanos , Hibridização In Situ , Camundongos , Camundongos Mutantes , Receptor Muscarínico M1/genética , Receptor Muscarínico M1/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos
11.
Mol Cell Oncol ; 2(2): e975643, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27308436

RESUMO

Convergence of multiple stromal cell types is required to develop a tumorigenic niche that nurtures the initial development of cancer and its dissemination. Although the immune and vascular systems have been shown to have strong influences on cancer, a growing body of evidence points to a role of the nervous system in promoting cancer development. This review discusses past and current research that shows the intriguing role of autonomic nerves, aided by neurotrophic growth factors and axon cues, in creating a favorable environment for the promotion of tumor formation and metastasis.

12.
Int J Cancer ; 136(4): 982-8, 2015 Feb 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24975135

RESUMO

The hematopoietic growth factor granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has a role in proliferation, differentiation and migration of the myeloid lineage and in mobilizing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells into the bloodstream. However, G-CSF has been newly characterized as a neurotrophic factor in the brain. We recently uncovered that autonomic nerve development in the tumor microenvironment participates actively in prostate tumorigenesis and metastasis. Here, we found that G-CSF constrains cancer to grow and progress by, respectively, supporting the survival of sympathetic nerve fibers in 6-hydroxydopamine-sympathectomized mice and also, promoting the aberrant outgrowth of parasympathetic nerves in transgenic or xenogeneic prostate tumor models. This provides insight into how neurotrophic growth factors may control tumor neurogenesis and may lead to new antineurogenic therapies for prostate cancer.


Assuntos
Axônios/fisiologia , Carcinogênese/metabolismo , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/fisiologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/metabolismo , Fibras Adrenérgicas/patologia , Fibras Adrenérgicas/fisiologia , Animais , Axônios/patologia , Sobrevivência Celular , Células HL-60 , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Nus , Transplante de Neoplasias , Fatores de Crescimento Neural/fisiologia , Próstata/inervação , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia
14.
Science ; 341(6142): 1236361, 2013 Jul 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23846904

RESUMO

Nerves are a common feature of the microenvironment, but their role in tumor growth and progression remains unclear. We found that the formation of autonomic nerve fibers in the prostate gland regulates prostate cancer development and dissemination in mouse models. The early phases of tumor development were prevented by chemical or surgical sympathectomy and by genetic deletion of stromal ß2- and ß3-adrenergic receptors. Tumors were also infiltrated by parasympathetic cholinergic fibers that promoted cancer dissemination. Cholinergic-induced tumor invasion and metastasis were inhibited by pharmacological blockade or genetic disruption of the stromal type 1 muscarinic receptor, leading to improved survival of the mice. A retrospective blinded analysis of prostate adenocarcinoma specimens from 43 patients revealed that the densities of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers in tumor and surrounding normal tissue, respectively, were associated with poor clinical outcomes. These findings may lead to novel therapeutic approaches for prostate cancer.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Sistema Nervoso Autônomo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Neurogênese , Próstata/inervação , Próstata/patologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Fibras Adrenérgicas/fisiologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/patologia , Fibras Colinérgicas/fisiologia , Progressão da Doença , Genes myc/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Invasividade Neoplásica , Transplante de Neoplasias , Rede Nervosa/patologia , Rede Nervosa/fisiologia , Sistema Nervoso Parassimpático/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas
15.
Blood ; 119(17): 3962-5, 2012 Apr 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22422821

RESUMO

The mechanisms mediating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization by G-CSF are complex. We have found previously that G-CSF-enforced mobilization is controlled by peripheral sympathetic nerves via norepinephrine (NE) signaling. In the present study, we show that G-CSF likely alters sympathetic tone directly and that methods to increase adrenergic activity in the BM microenvironment enhance progenitor mobilization. Peripheral sympathetic nerve neurons express the G-CSF receptor and ex vivo stimulation of peripheral sympathetic nerve neurons with G-CSF reduced NE reuptake significantly, suggesting that G-CSF potentiates the sympathetic tone by increasing NE availability. Based on these data, we investigated the NE reuptake inhibitor desipramine in HSPC mobilization. Whereas desipramine did not by itself elicit circulating HSPCs, it increased G-CSF-triggered mobilization efficiency significantly and rescued mobilization in a model mimicking "poor mobilizers." Therefore, these data suggest that blockade of NE reuptake may be a novel therapeutic target to increase stem cell yield in patients.


Assuntos
Movimento Celular/fisiologia , Mobilização de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/citologia , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Norepinefrina/metabolismo , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Imunofluorescência , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Sistema Nervoso Simpático/citologia , Sistema Nervoso Simpático/metabolismo
16.
Methods Mol Biol ; 750: 3-24, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21618080

RESUMO

Stem cells undergo regulated trafficking from the developmental stages to the adulthood. Stem cell migration is critical to organize developing organs and likely contributes postnatally to tissue regeneration. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms underlying migration of hematopoietic stem cells, neural stem cells, and primordial germ cells, revealing common operative pathways.


Assuntos
Movimento Celular , Sistema Nervoso Central/citologia , Sistema Nervoso Central/fisiologia , Desenvolvimento Embrionário/fisiologia , Células Germinativas/fisiologia , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/fisiologia , Células-Tronco Neurais/fisiologia , Regeneração , Animais , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Sistema Nervoso Central/embriologia , Quimiocina CXCL12/genética , Quimiocina CXCL12/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Células Germinativas/citologia , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/citologia , Humanos , Camundongos , Células-Tronco Neurais/citologia , Ratos , Receptores CXCR4/genética , Receptores CXCR4/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais
17.
J Clin Invest ; 117(7): 1844-55, 2007 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17557121

RESUMO

Tumor radioresponsiveness depends on endothelial cell death, which leads in turn to tumor hypoxia. Radiation-induced hypoxia was recently shown to trigger tumor radioresistance by activating angiogenesis through hypoxia-inducible factor 1-regulated (HIF-1-regulated) cytokines. We show here that combining targeted radioiodide therapy with angiogenic inhibitors, such as canstatin, enhances direct tumor cell apoptosis, thereby overcoming radio-induced HIF-1-dependent tumor survival pathways in vitro and in vivo. We found that following dual therapy, HIF-1alpha increases the activity of the canstatin-induced alpha(v)beta(5) signaling tumor apoptotic pathway and concomitantly abrogates mitotic checkpoint and tetraploidy triggered by radiation. Apoptosis in conjunction with mitotic catastrophe leads to lethal tumor damage. We discovered that HIF-1 displays a radiosensitizing activity that is highly dependent on treatment modalities by regulating key apoptotic molecular pathways. Our findings therefore support a crucial role for angiogenesis inhibitors in shifting the fate of radiation-induced HIF-1alpha activity from hypoxia-induced tumor radioresistance to hypoxia-induced tumor apoptosis. This study provides a basis for developing new biology-based clinically relevant strategies to improve the efficacy of radiation oncology, using HIF-1 as an ally for cancer therapy.


Assuntos
Apoptose/efeitos da radiação , Colágeno Tipo IV/metabolismo , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/metabolismo , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias/patologia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/metabolismo , Adenoviridae/genética , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Colágeno Tipo IV/genética , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Terapia Genética , Humanos , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/genética , Integrinas/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Neoplasias/irrigação sanguínea , Neoplasias/terapia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/genética , Transdução de Sinais , Simportadores/genética , Simportadores/metabolismo , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto
18.
Cancer Res ; 65(10): 4353-61, 2005 May 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15899827

RESUMO

Canstatin, the noncollagenous domain of collagen type IV alpha-chains, belongs to a series of collagen-derived angiogenic inhibitors. We have elucidated the functional receptors and intracellular signaling induced by canstatin that explain its strong antitumor efficacy in vivo. For this purpose, we generated a canstatin-human serum albumin (CanHSA) fusion protein, employing the HSA moiety as an expression tag. We show that CanHSA triggers a crucial mitochondrial apoptotic mechanism through procaspase-9 cleavage in both endothelial and tumor cells, which is mediated through cross-talk between alphavbeta3- and alphavbeta5-integrin receptors. As a point of reference, we employed the first three kringle domains of angiostatin (K1-3), fused with HSA, which, in contrast to CanHSA, act only on endothelial cells through alphavbeta3-integrin receptor-mediated activation of caspase-8 alone, without ensuing mitochondrial damage. Taken together, these results provide insights into how canstatin might exert its strong anticancer effect.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Colágeno Tipo IV/farmacologia , Células Endoteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , Integrina alfaVbeta3/metabolismo , Integrinas/metabolismo , Mitocôndrias/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Vitronectina/metabolismo , Inibidores da Angiogênese/metabolismo , Inibidores da Angiogênese/farmacologia , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias da Mama/irrigação sanguínea , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Caspases/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Colágeno Tipo IV/genética , Colágeno Tipo IV/metabolismo , Células Endoteliais/enzimologia , Humanos , Isoenzimas , Camundongos , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/metabolismo , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/farmacologia , Albumina Sérica/genética , Albumina Sérica/metabolismo , Albumina Sérica/farmacologia , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto
19.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab ; 89(3): 1423-8, 2004 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15001644

RESUMO

Iodide transport by thyrocytes involves two transporters, namely the Na(+)/I (-) symporter located at the basolateral pole and possibly pendrin in the apical membranes of the cell. Recently, we identified a human gene and its protein product, designated hAIT, as a putative new transporter involved in iodide transfer across the apical membrane of thyrocytes. In the present report, we analyzed both hAIT gene and protein expressions in a large series of benign and malignant human thyroid tissues. Using immunohistochemistry, hAIT staining was detected in normal thyroid tissue in about 10% of follicles; in positive follicles, 10-40% of thyrocytes, mostly the tall cells, were stained. In thyroid tissues obtained from patients with Graves' disease and toxic adenomas, hAIT mRNA and protein levels were similar to those found in normal tissue. In hypofunctioning adenomas, hAIT mRNA levels were slightly decreased, and apical iodide transporter (AIT) immunostaining was similar to that observed in normal thyroid tissue. AIT staining was stronger in Hürthle cell adenomas and in microfollicular adenomas. In thyroid carcinomas, the mean and median hAIT mRNA levels were significantly decreased. Expression of AIT protein was undetectable in most papillary carcinomas and was weak but detectable in most follicular carcinomas; it was negative in anaplastic carcinomas.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Transporte de Cátions , Doença de Graves/fisiopatologia , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras , Simportadores/genética , Simportadores/metabolismo , Glândula Tireoide/fisiologia , Adenoma/metabolismo , Adenoma/fisiopatologia , Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Expressão Gênica , Doença de Graves/metabolismo , Humanos , Transportadores de Ácidos Monocarboxílicos , RNA Mensageiro/análise , Transportadores de Sulfato , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/fisiopatologia
20.
Thyroid ; 12(1): 19-26, 2002 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11838726

RESUMO

Radioactive iodine (131I) is routinely used for the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancers. Attempts have been made to enlarge this therapeutic strategy to nonthyroid tumors by coupling radioactive iodide administration with transfer of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene into target cells, for example with an adenoviral vector (AdNIS). Although efficient iodide uptake was achieved in the tumors treated with AdNIS, no therapeutic effect could be observed with 131I, most probably because the iodide retention time in the target cells was short. To circumvent this problem, we propose to organify the iodide taken up, as it occurs in the thyroid. We constructed a recombinant adenovirus encoding the human thyroperoxidase (TPO) gene under the control of the cytomegalovirus early promoter (AdTPO). Infection of nonthyroid tumor cells with this virus led to production of an enzymatically active protein. A significant increase in iodide organification could be observed in cells coinfected with both AdNIS and AdTPO in the presence of exogenous hydrogen peroxide. However, the levels of iodide organification obtained were too low to significantly increase the iodide retention time in the target cells.


Assuntos
Adenoviridae/genética , Iodeto Peroxidase/genética , Iodetos/metabolismo , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Transfecção , Animais , Transporte Biológico , Linhagem Celular , Citomegalovirus/genética , Expressão Gênica , Vetores Genéticos , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Iodeto Peroxidase/metabolismo , Radioisótopos do Iodo/metabolismo , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Ratos , Proteínas Recombinantes , Simportadores/genética
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