Palliative Care in Congenital Syndrome of the Zika Virus Associated with Hospitalization and Emergency Consultation: Palliative Care and Congenital Syndrome of Zika.

BACKGROUND: Congenital syndrome of Zika virus (CSZV) is associated with neuromotor and cognitive developmental disorders, limiting the independence and autonomy of affected children and high susceptibility to complications, so palliative care needs to be discussed and applied. AIM: To identify factors associated with emergency visits and hospitalizations of patients with CSZV and clinical interventions performed from the perspective of palliative care. DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional study with bidirectional longitudinal component. Data were collected between May and October 2017 through the review of medical records and interviews with relatives of patients hospitalized. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: The study was developed in a tertiary care hospital involving patients with confirmed CSZV born as of August 2015 and followed up until October 2017. Patients under investigation were excluded. RESULTS: 145 patients were followed up at the specialized outpatient clinic, 92 (63.5%) were consulted at least once in the emergency room, and 49% had already been hospitalized, with the main reason being neurological causes, while 24.1% had never required any emergency visit or hospitalization. No risk factors were associated with the occurrence of consultations or hospitalizations. Such events happened at an early age and were accompanied by a high number of invasive procedures and interventions. An approach in palliative care was only identified in two hospitalized patients. CONCLUSIONS: For the patient with known severe malformations caused by congenital infection by the Zika virus with indication of palliative care, this approach could be used in order to allow life without suffering and disproportionate invasive method.

Fatores que influenciam a prática do profissional de saúde no manejo da dor do recém-nascido / Factors that influence the practice of healthcare professionals regarding pain management in newborn infants

OBJETIVO: Apresentar revisão sobre as principais variáveis que podem influenciar as ações e as atitudes dos profissionais de saúde no manejo adequado da dor no período neonatal. FONTES DOS DADOS: Pesquisa bibliográfica, nas bases de dados Medline, SciELO e Lilacs, entre 1995 e 2009, restrita aos artigos escritos em inglês e português. Foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: "dor", "Terapia Intensiva Neonatal" e "profissional de Saúde". Avaliaram-se 88 artigos, sem seleção pelo desenho, sendo incluídos os 55 mais relevantes e recentes. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: Os estudos confirmaram que o manejo da dor no neonato pelos profissionais de saúde é inadequado. Essa prática pode estar relacionada aos seguintes fatores: conhecimento insuficiente quanto à fisiopatologia da dor; não utilização de métodos de avaliação; falta de normatização sistemática ou protocolos; e falha na comunicação e incorporação da teoria na prática diária por parte da equipe multiprofissional. São acrescidos ainda os fatores subjetivos, pessoais e profissionais, que podem interferir na avaliação e no tratamento da dor no recém-nascido. CONCLUSÕES: Os obstáculos para um manejo adequado da dor são multifatoriais e o conhecimento das atitudes e crenças das equipes de saúde que trabalham com neonatos é muito importante. Há necessidade de investimentos na capacitação, formação e sensibilização dos profissionais acerca do controle e do tratamento da dor, com o intuito de proporcionar um cuidado mais humanizado ao neonato.

OBJECTIVE: To perform a literature review on the main variables associated with in the actions and attitudes of healthcare professionals regarding pain management during the neonatal period. DATA SOURCES: Bibliographic search of Medline, SciELO and Lilacs databases for articles published in English and Portuguese between 1995 and 2009, using the descriptors "pain", "Neonatal Intensive Care" and "health personnel". Among 88 articles, the 55 more recent and relevant ones were included. DATA SYNTHESIS: The studies confirmed that neonatal pain management by healthcare professionals is inadequate. This may be related to insufficient knowledge regarding the physiopathology of pain; lack of systematic guidelines on pain assessment and management and failure in communication and incorporation of knowledge into the clinical practice by health professionals. Moreover, there are individual and professional subjective factors that may affect pain evaluation and treatment in newborns. CONCLUSIONS: There are multiple obstacles to adequate neonatal pain management. Understanding the attitudes and beliefs of healthcare teams is important to assess and heat neonatal pain. There is a need for investments on the qualification and awareness of healthcare professionals regarding pain control in order to provide humanized neonatal care.

Acylphenols from Myristica crassa as new acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.

A significant acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity was observed for the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts from the leaves and the fruits of MYRISTICA CRASSA. Three new dimeric acylphenols, giganteone C ( 5), maingayones B and C ( 6 and 7) were isolated together with the known malabaricones B and C ( 2 and 3) and giganteone A ( 4). Compounds 2 and 3 possess significant inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase. LC/MS study was particularly useful to discriminate structures of compounds 6 and 7.

Translation, validation and cultural aspects of postpartum depression screening scale in Brazilian Portuguese.

The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of a Portuguese version of the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS). A total of 120 new mothers completed the translated version of PDSS and later were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, our gold standard for clinical status. The best cut-off score for the Portuguese version was 102, with a sensibility of 94%, a specificity of 95%, a positive predictive value of 75% and a negative predictive value of 99%. Reliability, measured by the alpha coefficient of internal consistency, was .95. The PDSS is considered ready for use in the screening of Brazilian new mothers for postpartum depression.

Via de parto em gestações sucessivas em adolescentes: estudo de 714 casos / Route of delivery in successive gestations in adolescents: study of 714 cases

OBJETIVO: analisar a associação da via de partos consecutivos de 714 gestantes adolescentes, que pariram na Maternidade do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2001. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: em estudo prospectivo, analítico, transversal, tipo incidência, foi analisada a sucessão das vias de parto da primeira até a quarta gestação de 714 parturientes adolescentes, com idade variando entre 13 e 19 anos (média 17,2±1,5 anos). Identificando-se, no livro da sala de parto, a cada dia, as adolescentes que pariram, após ter obtido o consentimento livre e esclarecido, cada uma respondeu a um questionário estruturado, com 65 perguntas diretas e respostas fechadas, pré-codificadas, entre as quais estavam vias de parto e o número de gestações. RESULTADOS: observou-se que 527 (73,8por cento) adolescentes tiveram uma única parturição, 149 (20,9por cento) duas parturições, 35 (4,9por cento) três partos e 3 (0,4por cento) quatro partos. Dentre os 273 partos cesáreos, 207 (75,8por cento) ocorreram em primíparas, 65 (23,8por cento) em paucíparas e 1 (0,4por cento) em multípara. Houve associação estatisticamente significante entre via de parto da primeira e da segunda parturições; em 83 (55,7por cento) gestantes adolescentes quanto à via transvaginal e em 41 (27,5por cento), para a via cesárea. Coincidiram também as vias de parto de segunda e terceira parturições, em 23 (65,7por cento) gestantes adolescentes no parto transvaginal e em outras 10 (28,6por cento) na cesárea. CONCLUSAO: identificou-se tendência da coincidência das vias de parto em gestações sucessivas em parturientes adolescentes, até a terceira parturição