RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer has a direct relation with chronic atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM), considered as preneoplastic lesions. Determination of serum pepsinogen llevéis (PGI) and pepsinogen I / pepsinogen II ratio (PGI/PGII) can detect this conditions; achieving 70-90% of gastric cancer detection in early stages. AIM: To determine the cut-off values for serum PGI and PGI/PGII in Chilean subjects, for the detection of gastric preneoplastic lesions, establishing their sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective study of patients subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and determination of serum pepsinogen levels. The presence and severity of preneoplastic lesions were compared with serum levels of PGI and PGI/PGII. RESULTS: A total of 56 men and 44 women were studied, with a mean age of 43 (14-77) years. There was a significant association (p <0.001) of PGI and PGI/PGII with AG and IM. We obtained a cut-off value of 2.3 for PGI/PGII (sensitivity =70%>, specificity =92%>, PPV =60%>, NPV =95%) and 36 ng/ml for PGI (sensitivity =62%o specificity =64%o, PPV =20%o, NPV =91%), for detection of moderate to severe AG. No patient with normal mucosa had a PGI <20 ng/ml. The combined criteria of PGI/II < or = 2.3 and/or PGI < or 20 ng/ml, obtained a sensitivity of 85%o, specificity of 92%>, PPV of 65%o, and NPV of 97%o. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed a strict relation ofPGIand PGI/PGIIwith the presence of preneoplastic gastric lesions in Chilean patients.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Gastrite Atrófica/patologia , Pepsinogênios/sangue , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/patologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Chile , Feminino , Mucosa Gástrica/enzimologia , Mucosa Gástrica/microbiologia , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Gastrite Atrófica/sangue , Infecções por Helicobacter/complicações , Helicobacter pylori/patogenicidade , Humanos , Masculino , Metaplasia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pepsinogênio A/sangue , Pepsinogênio C/sangue , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/sangue , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Prospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Neoplasias Gástricas/sangue , Neoplasias Gástricas/enzimologiaRESUMO
La fibrosis retroperitoneal constituye una afección infrecuente y de causa generalmente no identificable, sin embargo, se ha descrito su asociación con algunas drogas, enfermedades del tejido conectivo y patología neoplásica. Se caracteriza por el depósito de tejido fibroso en el retroperitoneo y manifestaciones secundarias a la compresión ureteral o de estructuras vasculares. Las técnicas de imágenes (principalmente la tomografía axial computarizada) resultan importantes en su sospecha y diagnóstico diferencial, con utilidad en la exclusión de una enfermedad tumoral subyacente. La biopsia abierta se considera el gold standar para establecer el diagnóstico, cobrando especial relevancia en los casos sin una causa evidente. El enfrentamiento terapéutico tradicional se basa en la cirugía (ureterolisis) y suspensión de drogas potencialmente injuriantes, pero diferentes terapias médicas han sido planteadas, incluyendo el uso de corticoides, inmunosupresores y tamoxifeno, ya sea en forma exclusiva o asociados a técnicas intervencionistas o quirúrgicas propiamente tales.
