[Spatio-temporal dynamics of bacillary dysentery outbreaks in Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1999-2013]. / Dynamique spatio-temporelle des épidémies de dysenterie bacillaire en République Démocratique du Congo, 1999­2013.

PROBLEM STATEMENT: From 1999 to 2013 in the Democratic RC, monitoring of bacillary dysentery in bloody diarrhea revealed an average rate of attack in 620 out of 100,000 inhabitants. Within the study period, biological confirmation was available in less than 1% of cases. A dozen dysentery outbreaks were confirmed in laboratories as shigellosis. In this study, our objective is to improve dysentery surveillance. METHODS: A descriptive method based on epidemiological and biological data was applied, and a literature review was included. RESULTS: According to historical research, the first dysentery epidemics occurred in the Mayombe Region in the early 1920s. Spatial dynamics show that the eastern part of the country experienced the highest number of attacks. Time series of bloody diarrhea in the country have revealed a decrease since 2005. No seasonality was found. CONCLUSION: Shigellosis outbreaks have become rare and of low magnitude. Our results suggest a need for further exploration of the causes and determinants of high incidences of bloody diarrhea. Present-day diminution of shigellosis outbreaks calls for research into explanatory factors.