[Initial combination therapy for primary open-angle glaucoma]. / 'Startovaia' kombinirovannaia terapiia pervichnoi otkrytougol'noi glaukomy.

PURPOSE: To study the efficacy and safety of initial combination therapy in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 111 patients (161 eyes) with stages II-III b-c of POAG aged 46 to 89 years (mean age 70.8±8.5 years). In the test group, therapy began with a fixed combination of prostaglandin (PG) (latanoprost) and beta-blocker (BB) (timolol). In patients of the control group, POAG therapy began with administration of the analogue of prostaglandin (latanoprost). When the target IOP was not achieved, a second drug was added to the treatment - instillations of 0.5% solution of timolol maleate 2 times a day. RESULTS: In patients of the test group the treatment started with a combination of BB + PG, the target IOP in the 'worst' eyes was achieved in 33 cases (64%) in 1.5±0.6 visits, and in the 'best' eyes - in 17 cases (81%), in 1.2±0.4 visits. In the control group with a 'step-by-step' selection of antihypertensive therapy, the target IOP in the 'worst' eyes was achieved in 35 cases (59%), in 2.5±0.7 visits, and in the 'best' eyes - in 22 cases (76%), in 2.2±0.5 visits (p<0.05). In both study groups, there were no cases of drug withdrawal attributed to their side effects. Patients noted conjunctival hyperemia in 5% (4 eyes) and 7% (6 eyes) of cases in the test group and the control group, respectively (p>0.05). Hyperemia decreased significantly in 2 weeks of latanoprost administration or fixed combination and did not cause withdrawal. CONCLUSION: Initial combination therapy is possible in patients with newly diagnosed POAG in some clinical situations, namely in stages II-III POAG with high IOP, unavailability of regular observation of patients for various social and economic reasons, absence of somatic and local contraindications to individual components of the combined treatment, etc.

[Estimation of the functional parameters of the organ of vision in Military Training Institute entrants].

The objective of the study was to estimate the functional parameters of the organ of vision in Military Training Institute entrants. Eight hundred and twenty school-leavers--Military Training Institute entrants (2006-2007) aged 17 to 19 years were examined. The integral procedure of their examination could characterize the state of refraction and accommodation: decreased visual acuity, refraction shift towards myopia, worse accommodation function. Prerequisites for the development and progression of myopia were found in higher law educational establishment entrants.