Role of HLA genes in development of HLA-alloimmunization in blood recipients.

A genetically determined predisposition to the development of HLA-alloimmunization as a result of blood transfusions is associated with the presence of HLA-alleles DRB1*04, DQA1*03:01, DQA1*05:01 and HLA-haplotype DRB1*04-DQA1*03:01-DQB1*03:02 in the genotypes of recipients. The risk of antibody production is reduced in patients with HLA-alleles DRB1*16, DQA1*01:02, DQB1*05:02 and HLA-haplotype DRB1*16-DQA1*01:02-DQB1*05:02.

[The scientific justification of the new organizational forms and the normative base of medical care provision to the patients with pathology of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue].

In the Russian Federation and all over the world as well the marked tendency of increasing of the diseases of musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, including vertebrogenic pathology is marked. The article presents the profound analysis of the vertebrogenic morbidity of pubescent population. In the experimental conditions, the scientific justification was given to the functional organizational model of day-stay hospital for the patients with vertebrogenic pathology. The new organizational forms of activities and the medical and social effectiveness of the day-stay hospital were approved. The estimation of the normative base of the day-stay hospital included the norm-setting of physician work and the need in the twenty-four-hour stay beds and the real number of beds.

Continuous-Wave and Passively Mode-Locked Operation of a Cunyite (Cr(4+):Ca(2)GeO(4)) Laser.

Continuous-wave and mode-locked Cr(4+):Ca(2)GeO(4) lasers that use a fiber laser pump source were demonstrated. The continuous-wave Cr(4+):Ca(2)GeO(4) laser yielded a maximum output power of 415 mW at 1420 nm and a tuning range of 1335-1492 nm. With a saturable-absorber mirror, 60-ps pulses and 110-mW maximum output power were generated from a passively mode-locked Cr(4+):Ca(2)GeO(4) laser.

[Effect of echinochrom on experimental myocardial reperfusion injury]. / Vliianie ekhinokhroma na éksperimental'noe reperfuzionnoe povrezhdenie miokarda.

Echinochrom, a new antioxidant of the polyhydroxynaphthaquinone class, was tested for its cardioprotective activity in a model of occlusive reperfusion myocardial infarction (90-min occlusion and 4-hour reperfusion) in the acute experiments with open-chest dogs. The bolus intravenous injection of echinochrom in a dose of 1 mg/kg 5 min before reperfusion caused a significant (over 40%) reduction in the size of a necrotic focus. A supplementary administration of echinochrom 5 min after the onset of ischemia failed to contribute to a significant enhancement of its protective effect, suggesting that there is no substantial effect of the agent on ischemic lesion. The efficacy of echinochrom given after prolonged ischemia, low effective doses, and no adverse effects create prerequisites for using the drug in the clinical setting.

[Mechanisms of the inhibition of Fe2+-induced oxidation of phosphatidylcholine by polyhydroxynaphthoquinones]. / Mekhanizmy ingibirovaniia Fe2+-indutsirovannogo okisleniia fosfatidilkholina poligidroksinaftakhinonami.

The kinetics of egg phosphatidylcholine oxidation induced by an artificial prooxidant Fe2+--ascorbate system or hematine was followed by oxygen uptake. The protective effect of natural free radical scavangers--polyhydroxynaphthoquinones, ionol (BHT), alpha-tocopherol and EDTA was estimated by the decrease of the phosphatidylcholine oxidation rate. EDTA was shown to inhibit the Fe2+--ascorbate-induced oxidation but had no effect on the hematine-induced oxidation. The inhibiting effect of polyhydroxynaphthoquinones on Fe2+--ascorbate-induced oxidation was 10-100 times as high as that on hematine-induced oxidation. The effects of BHT and alpha-tocopherol were the same in both models. Natural polyhydroxynaphthoquinones interacted with the free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl in stoichiometric ratios coinciding with the number of beta-hydroxyls in naphthoquinone molecules; the methylation of these hydroxyls fully suppressed such an interaction. Two possible mechanisms of action of polyhydroxynaphthoquinones as antioxidative agents are discussed. The first of these is coupled with the formation of Fe2+--PHNQ complexes, while the second one--with their effect as free radical scavengers. In both cases, beta-hydroxyls of naphthoquinone molecules were shown to play a key role.

[Neuropathologic syndromes in the late period of closed cranio-cerebral injuries]. / Nevropatologicheskie sindromy v otdalennom periode voennoi zakrytoi cherepno-mozgovoi travmy.

Using a comprehensive psychoneurological examination including a number of paraclinical methods (EEG, REG, echoventriculometry, thromboelastography, audiography, etc.) the authors studied 160 war veterans who had sustained a closed craniocerebral injury of a mild or moderate degree during the Great Patriotic War. The following neuropathological syndromes most characteristic for its long-term period were identified: cochleo-vestibular disorders, oculomotor and optico-vestibular disorders, as well as vegetovascular, hypothalamic, Parkinsonism, dyssomnic, epileptic and hydrocephalohypertensive syndromes. The authors also describe a number of the features of these syndromes related to the type of the course of the long-term period of the injury and to the predominance in the clinical picture of the disease of posttraumatic or cerebrovascular disturbances.

[Value of paraclinical methods of examination in the differential evaluation of posttraumatic and vascular cerebral pathology in the late period of wartime closed craniocerebral injuries]. / Znachenie paraklinicheskikh metodov issledovaniia v differentsirovannoi otsenke posttravmaticheskoi i sosudistoi tserebral'noi patologii v otdalennom periode zakrytoi cherepno-mozgovoi travmy voennogo vremeni.

Using a number of electrophysiological (EEG, REG, echoventriculometry and audiometry) and biochemical (thromboelastography and determination of blood lipids) methods the authors examined comprehensively 95 men aged 56-70 years who had sustained a closed craniocerebral injury including blast contusion during the Great Patriotic War. The most informative signs were identified which may be used as additional criteria of the severity of traumatic and vascular changes of the brain in a long-term period of a war-related closed craniocerebral injury both for the purpose of therapy and expert medical evaluation of the working capacity.