[Thrombosis of the portal, upper mesenteric, and splenic veins in a patient with thrombophilia (a clinical case report)]. / Tromboz vorotnoi, verkhnei bryzheechnoi i selezenochnoi ven u bol'nogo s trombofiliei.

Currently there are several dozens of hereditarily associated thrombophilias and acquired states known to condition the development of a thrombus. Thrombosis of visceral veins appears to be a considerably less often encountered event than thrombosis in the system of visceral arteries. Presented herein in the article is a clinical case report concerning subacute thrombosis of the portal, upper mesenteric and splenic veins, having developed on the background of mutations of 7 genes of the system of haemostasis in a young adult patient. Timely comprehensive examination with determining polymorphism of the haemostasis system genes made it possible to verify the aetiology of the disease in the patient, while multispiral computed tomography contributed favourably to specifying the extension of thrombosis. Due to the developed segmental necrosis of the small intestine the patient was subjected to resection of the necrotised portion of the small intestine followed by establishing an entero-enteric anastomosis. In the postoperative period adequate anticoagulant therapy was adjusted in order to prevent relapse of thrombogenesis.

[RARE COMPLICATION OF PANCREATITIS PANKREATOPLEVRALNY FISTULA BOTH PLEURAL CAVITY].

This article presents a case of a rare complication--pankreatopleural fistula in a patient with chronic pancreatitis. The features of clinical manifestations and complications of this diagnostic search.

[Clinical and morphological substantiation of SMC-peloidotherapy for the management of duodenal pathology].

This study included 112 patients presenting with duodenal ulcer disease and 65 ones with chronic duodenitis treated with the use of sinusoidal modulated current (SMC) electrophoresis in combination with peloidotherapy (peat muds of the Uva health resort, Republic of Udmurtia). This treatment was shown to produce positive effect on the proliferative activity of duodenal epithelium.

[The duodenal epithelium in duodenal diseases]. / Sostoianie duodenal'nogo épiteliia pri zabolevaniiakh dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

The purpose of the study was to define duodenal epithelial function in duodenal diseases and to assess the potentialities of correction of detected dysfunctions. The electrical properties (EPs) of the duodenal epithelium were explored in patients with primary chronic duodenitis, duodenal peptic ulcer (DPU) on an exacerbation and in the late postoperative period after selective proximal vagotomy. Mucosal biopsy specimens were obtained at fibrogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy forceps and placed in a sign-alternating field with the parameters, adequate bioelectric epitheliocytic characteristics: 28 V at a voltage sign change rate of 1 Hz, and a current strength of 200 microA. Bioelectrical cell reactions (nuclear fluctuation amplitude) were recorded by light microscopy using a MOB-1A ocular micrometer at minutes 10, 30, and 60 of the onset of electrical field action. A significant reduction was found in the amplitude of duodenal epithelial nuclear fluctuations in the examinees, which was most pronounced in DPU on an exacerbation. Duodenal epithelial EPs were shown to undergo regular changes during therapy and may serve as an additional test in evaluating the efficiency of therapy.

[Electrokinetic properties of cells in chronic duodenal diseases]. / Elektrokineticheskie svoistva kletok pri khronicheskoi duodenal'noi patologii.

The electrokinetic properties of erythrocytes of the duodenal and buccal epitheliums were studied in patients with chronic duodenitis and with duodenal ulcer at exacerbation in the remote period after selective proximal vagotomy; the diagnostic value of the studied parameters was demonstrated, the presence of correlation bonds between them was shown.

Studies of cancer risk among Chernobyl liquidators: materials and methods.

The current paper presents the methods and design of two case-control studies among Chernobyl liquidators-one of leukaemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the other of thyroid cancer risk-carried out in Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Russia. The specific objective of these studies is to estimate the radiation induced risk of these diseases among liquidators of the Chernobyl accident, and, in particular, to study the effect of exposure protraction and radiation type on the risk of radiation induced cancer in the low-to-medium- (0-500 mSv) radiation dose range. The study population consists of the approximately 10000 Baltic, 40000 Belarus and 51 000 Russian liquidators who worked in the 30 km zone in 1986-1987, and who were registered in the Chernobyl registry of these countries. The studies included cases diagnosed in 1993-1998 for all countries but Belarus, where the study period was extended until 2000. Four controls were selected in each country from the national cohort for each case, matched on age, gender and region of residence. Information on study subjects was obtained through face-to-face interview using a standardised questionnaire with questions on demographic factors, time, place and conditions of work as a liquidator and potential risk and confounding factors for the tumours of interest. Overall, 136 cases and 595 controls after receiving their consent were included in the studies. A method of analytical dose reconstruction has been developed, validated and applied to the estimation of doses and related uncertainties for all the subjects in the study. Dose-response analyses are underway and results are likely to have important implications to assess the adequacy of existing protection standards, which are based on risk estimates derived from analyses of the mortality of atomic bomb survivors and other high dose studies.

[The localization and preliminary characteristics of antigenic sites (B epitopes) in the nucleocapsid protein of the Lassa virus]. / Lokalizatsiia i predvaritel'naia kharakteristika antigennykh saitov (B-épitopov) v belke nukleokapsida virusa Lassa.

Nucleocapsid protein of Lassa virus contains 4 epitope sites. Three of them were localized in amino acid position 123-1 27, 337-346, and 518-527. Monoclonal antibody 1108 specific to Lassa virus NP-protein reacted with 123-127 synthetic peptide in solid-phase ELISA and precipitated nucleocapsid proteins of Machupo, Tacaribe, and Mopeia arenaviruses in RIP.

[Monoclonal antibodies to the Machupo virus: their isolation and preliminary characteristics]. / Monoklonal'nye antitela k virusu Machupo: poluchenie i predvaritel'naia kharakteristika.

Six monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma cell lines were generated by fusion of NS-1 myeloma cells with BALB/c immune splenocytes. Monoclonal antibodies (MCA) specific to Machupo virus NP protein were used to study cross-reactivity between pathogenic and nonpathogenic arenaviruses. It was shown that 3140 MCA cross-reacted in IFA with Lassa, Tacaribe, and Tamiami arenaviruses whereas 3101 MCA reacted with Machupo virus alone. It was assumed that these 3101 MCA could be used for differentiation of Machupo virus in IFA.

[Conditions for forming ascitic tumors in hybridoma cultivation in vivo]. / Izuchenie uslovii obrazovaniia astsitnykh opukholei pri kul'tivirovanii gibridom in vivo.

The conditions of the formation of ascitic cells in BALB/c mice injected with hybridoma cells were studied. All the hybridomas under study, producing monoclonal antibodies to viral antigens, induced the formation of ascitic tumors when introduced into the abdominal cavity of BALB/c mice pretreated with sensitizing agents. In the mice pretreated with pristane hybridoma cells took at a rate of 43-80% and in the mice pretreated with Freund's complete adjuvant, 31-70%. Angara oil and perfume oil, as well as Bayol F, were less effective. The time of the formation of ascites was inversely proportional to the dose of the injected cells, while the volume of ascitic fluid depended rather on the type of hybridoma and not on the dose of the injected cells. The study showed that the use of physiological saline or culture medium without serum for washing the abdominal cavity of mice after withdrawing ascites permitted the additional collection of 2.6-13.7 million hybrid cells, as well as a considerable amount of immunoglobulins.

[Immunoenzyme analysis of monoclonal antibodies on solid-phase infected cells]. / Immunofermentnyi analiz monoklonal'nykh antitel na tverdoi faze infitsirovannykh kletok.

Monoclonal MAK-14-7 antibodies to the surface antigen of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus and OKA series to vaccinia virus antigens were studied by enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) on the solid phase of the infected Vero, BHK-21, and HeLa cells. The immunoglobulins under study from the culture and ascitic fluids of hybridomas were shown to bind specifically with the appropriate antigens of the infected cells. The activity of monoclonal antibodies to viral antigens in EIA on the solid phase of the infected cells was 10-fold higher than in indirect immunofluorescence test. The method has a number of useful advantages such as the simplicity of preparation of the antigen solid phase, rapidly obtainable results, long-term preservation of ready panels with the specific antigen at room temperature. The high sensitivity of the method makes it effectively useful for screening of hybrid clones producing monoclonal antibodies.

[Monoclonal antibodies to the antigens of human HeLa tumor cells]. / Monoklonal'nye antitela k antigenam chelovcheskikh opukholevykh kletok HeLa.

A panel of 6 hybridomas "XEJIMA" producing monoclonal antibodies specific to HeLa cells is prepared. Monoclonal antibodies do not bind to antigens of human diploid fibroblasts, human continuous B- and T-lymphocytes and animal cell lines. The specificity of monoclonal antibodies to cellular antigens of 5 HeLa-like cell lines and 6 human tumour cells lines, not contaminated with HeLa cells, is determined. Antibody containing ascitic fluid and culture media of hybridomas XEJIMA-3, -12, -13, and -22 significantly decrease the attachment of HeLa cells to the surface of culture flasks. Monoclonal antibodies XEJIMA-11, -12 and -13 block the multiplication of HeLa cells. The effect depends on serum concentration in the nutrient medium.

[Monoclonal immunoglobulins to the antigens of the Japanese encephalitis virus]. / Monoklonal'nye immunoglobuliny k antigenam virusa iaponskogo éntsefalita.

Six hybridomas of the EJ series producing monoclonal antibodies to Japanese encephalitis virus antigens were generated by hybridization of immune splenocytes with the parental line of mouse myeloma cells NS-0, and one hybridoma (EJ-10) with the X63-Ag8/653 line. Among 7 species of monoclonal antibodies examined by Ouchterlony method, 3 were identified as IgM and 4 as IgG. The highest clone-producing efficacy was shown by hybridoma EJ-10 generated on the basis of X-653 cells and the least by hybridoma EJ-20. The hybrid cells readily established in the cavity of mice producing ascitic tumors in 37%-86% cases. Among the derived clones, two were found, EJ-4 (IgG) and EJ-19 (IgM), to possess a high growth potential, satisfactory clone-producing efficacy, a high per cent of positive clones in recloning, and stable production of antiviral monoclonal antibody. Hybridomas EJ-4 and EJ-19 demonstrated a marked capacity for mouse-to-mouse transmission in serial passages providing for preparative accumulation of these monospecific immunoglobulins.

[Monoclonal antibodies to the Japanese encephalitis virus in ascitic hybridoma preparations]. / Minoklonal'nye antitela k virusu iaponskogo éntsefalita v astsitnykh preparatakh gibridom.

Among 4 ascitic preparations of hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies to the Japanese encephalitis virus (JE) hybridomas JE-4 and JE-19 had high multiplication potentials and high levels of reimplantation and transplantability in mice BALB/c. The possibility of using the complete Freund's adjuvant and pristan for priming the mice was shown. The use of pristan promoted a significant decrease in the periods of ascitic tumor development and an increase in accumulation of the cells in the ascitic tumor, in the volume of the ascitic fluid and the titers of the monoclonal antibodies. The serological assays revealed that the monoclonal antibodies produced by JE hybridomas did not react with the JE virus antigen in the hemagglutination inhibition test. However, they were highly active in the indirect immunofluorescence test. IgM of hybridoma JE-19 reacted with the JE virus antigen in the complement fixation test while monoclonal IgG produced by hybridoma JE-4 was active in the neutralization test when titrated in the cultures of the swine embryo kidney transplantable cells. The monoclonal JE antibodies did not react with the JE virus antigen in the hemagglutination inhibition test and did not bind to the antigen of the "Sofin" strain of the forest-spring encephalitis virus in the test performed with the indirect fluorescent antibody technique.

[Hybridoma cloning by the end-point dilution method]. / Klonirovanie gibridom metodom predel'nykh razvedenii.

Hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies to tick-borne encephalitis, Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis, and vaccinia viruses were cloned and recloned by the end-point dilution method in 96-well Linbro plates on a cell feeder layer. With decreasing of the cell seed dose the average number of clones per well decreased and the effectiveness of clone production increased. When an average of one cell per well was introduced, the portion of vells with single clones for hybridomas of various origins ranged from 5.4% to 37.5%. As a rule, the first cloning resulted in a significant rise in titres of monospecific immunoglobulins secreted by hybridomas and improved growth characteristics of the hybrid cell population. Repeated cloning required in most cases for stability of the hybrid line was usually not accompanied by changes in the productivity of the cell cultures.

[Storage and reconstruction of hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies against viral antigens]. / Khranenie i vosstanovlenie gibridom, produtsiruiushchikh monoklonal'nye antitela k virusnym antigenam.

The conditions were optimized for freezing storage, restoring and further cultivation of hybridoma cells producing antibodies to viral antigens. The effect of density of cellular suspension frozen,concentration of calf embryo serum in cryoprotected medium and mild conditions of the restoring of hybridoma were studied. To restore deeply frozen hybridoma 24 hole plastic panels with a layer of feeding cells of the HEPES and insulin containing medium were used. The fulfilling of these requirements makes possible restoration of intact antibody-producing hybridoma from 10(2)-10(3) frozen cells.