[Study of a new focus of urinary schistosomiasis in the Pool region (People's Republic of Congo)]. / Etude d'un nouveau foyer de schistosomiase urinaire dans la région du Pool (République populaire du Congo).

Epidemiological study of a new urinary schistosomiasis focus in the Pool region (People's Republic of Congo). Malacological and parasitological studies were carried out in the urinary schistosomiasis focus uncovered to Loulombo (Pool region). We reported data establishing the autochthonous nature of infected patients and pointing out the key role of Bulinus (B) forskalii as the new intermediate host.

[Bulinus (B.) forskalii, a new intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium in the Congo]. / Bulinus (B.) forskalii, nouvel hôte intermédiaire de Schistosoma haematobium au Congo?

Malacological and parasitological studies were carried out in the urinary schistosomiasis focus uncovered to Loulombo (Pool region). We reported data presuming the autochtone nature of infected patients and pointing out the possible role of Bulinus (B.) forskalii as a new intermediate host.

[House effect and family contamination in sleeping sickness: interpretative trial of the phenomenon. Study of 3 Congolese foci]. / "Effet de case" et "contamination familiale" dans la maladie du sommeil: essai d'interprétation du phénomène. Exemple de trois foyers congolais.

A review is given of the different hypotheses concerning the concentration of trypanosomiasis cases at the house or family level: 1. Mechanical transmission by haematophagous insects. 2. Interrupted feeding of a tsetse fly with cyclic infection on different people. 3. Family biological factor. These hypotheses are used as a introduction to an epidemiological field study in three congolese foci. Whereas their distribution among village districts is random, patients are significantly aggregated at the house and/or family level. This distribution may be partly explained by the behaviour of members of the family and community cells, associated with amplifying factors, the most probable being interrupted feeding of a tsetse fly with cyclic infection. In some foci other possibilities can be considered, such as mechanical transmission by Aedes or hereditary population factors. This spatial and/or familial concentration of cases is an important epidemiological property of sleeping sickness, the practical implication of which is the exhaustive survey of the human environment of cases.

[Evaluation of immunological and entomotological indices of yellow fever in Pointe-Noire, People's Republic of Congo]. / Evaluation des indices immunologiques et entomologiques de la fièvre jaune à Pointe-Noire, en République populaire du Congo.

The authors report the results of a serological sample survey managed to evaluate the prevalence of two types of yellow fever antibodies, connected with an entomological survey, in the town of Pointe-Noire in the People's Republic of Congo. According to the high rate of non protected people, the high level of entomological indices and the characteristics of local environment, this densely populated town may be considered as an area exposed to a potential hazard of a yellow fever outbreak. A vaccinal strategy ought to be planned according to this situation.

[Socio-entomologic survey in human trypanosomiasis focus of Yamba (Peoples Republic of Congo)]. / Enquête socio-entomologique dans le foyer de trypanosomiase humaine de Yamba (République populaire du Congo).

A study carried out at villagers level in a focus infected by human trypanosomiasis (Yamba, Bouenza region, Congo, Mikengue ethnic group) revealed that modern medicin is recognized by them as the sole possibility to treat the sleeping sickness. The witch doctor, if he cannot transmit the sickness, is perfectly able to aggravate it. He is considered as the responsible for any fatal issue. Tsetse flies are charged of transmitting the sickness as well as other biting insects (black flies, ceratopogonidae). The elders give an historical role to pigs in spreading the sickness. Villagers seem very determined to assume themselves fighting against the tsetse fly by trapping, but impregnation of traps by an insecticide got some problems (technical know-how, equipment) which have been solved by a new model of trap designed by the ORSTOM Center in Brazzaville.