[One stage skin-sparing breast repair after mastectomy]. / Odnomementnaia rekonstruktsiia molochnoi zhelezy posle mastéktomii s sokhraneniem kozhi.

Breast-conserving therapy has become very popular in the past 20 years. This treatment is beneficial only for early stages of breast cancer. When breast-conserving therapy is not indicated, skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction using silicone implants or autogenous tissue is the surgical method of choice. The authors have analyzed the results obtained at three hospitals of Moscow, Novosibirsk, and Tula. A total of 58 breast repairs, including 23 with silicone expanders, 35 with TRAM-flaps were performed by February 2000. They accomplished different designs of skin incisions in relation to the size and site of a tumor and to the shape of the breast. These groups comprised patients with breast cancer T1-2No-1Mo. The follow-up averaged 25.8 months (range 5-52 months). All the patients underwent combined and complex treatments. The median of overall survival was not not achieved. One patient died from dissemination. Two-year acturial survival was 86.8% (one local recurrence). The incidence of postoperative complications was 34.7% in the implant group and 14.2% in the TRAM-flap group.

[The automated system of registration of patients with mental disorders using personal computers]. / Avtomatizirovannaia sistema ucheta psikhicheski bol'nykh na personal'nykh EVM.

The authors review problems of the design of an automated system of registration of psychoneurological patients by personal computers intended for the data servicing of the supervisors of the regional psychiatric hospital (head physician, heads of departments) and some other persons from the medical personnel. Describe the main functions and potentialities of the system.

[The medical genetic approach in the diagnosis of cancer]. / Mediko-geneticheskii podkhod v diagnostike raka.

Formation of registers of families afflicted by tumors of certain sites and dynamic follow-up of "healthy" members of such families is a new approach to early diagnosis and prevention of cancer. The results of a clinico-genetic study of hormone-dependent tumors of the female genitals and breast served as a basis for the development of a pattern of medico-genetic follow-up which, in turn, may facilitate integration of the above method with treatment for cancer of said and other sites.

[Thermography and radionuclide scintigraphy in reconstructive plastic operations following radical mastectomy]. / Termografiia i radionuklidnaia stsintigrafiia pri rekonstruktivno-plasticheskikh operatsiiakh posle radikal'noi mastéktomii.

Thermography is quite an informative and reliable method of examination of patients after reconstructive-plastic breast operations. It makes it possible to assess, with a sufficient degree of assurance, the blood circulation in a skin-muscular graft of the broadest muscle of the back, to diagnose capsule constrictive fibrosis, to detect foci of hyperthermia at the edge of endoprosthesis in the presence of bulky formations hidden by an implant, and can be recommended for the screening of such patients. In some cases scintigraphy makes it possible to differentiate between tumor and non-tumor origin of foci of lesions detected in endoprosthesis.

[Role of plastic reconstructive operations in the rehabilitative treatment of women following mastectomy for breast cancer]. / Rol' plasticheskikh rekonstruktivnykh operatsii v vosstanovitel'nom lechenii zhenshchin posle mastéktomii po povodu raka molochnoi zhelezy.

In 1980--1983, 15 plastic reconstruction surgeries were performed at the Center's clinics. In 11 cases, one-stage reconstruction of the breast was carried out after mastectomy for cancer. 13 females were mastectomized after Halsted and 2--after Patey (radical mastectomy). Good results were obtained in 11 cases. The paper contains a description of a procedure for one-stage mammoplasty for cancer which produces a good uniform bed for silicone prosthesis fixation as well as the breast contour. A musculocutaneous flap from musculus vastus dorsi and a silicone prosthesis were used in all cases of primary reconstruction. Emphasis is placed on the role of plastic reconstruction surgery as a factor of medical and social rehabilitation of females operated on for breast cancer.

[Determination of after care periods for cancer patients]. / Opredelenie srokov "dolechivaniia" u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

Following an analysis of case histories of in-patients treated for tumors of the stomach and cervix uteri at the clinics of the Center in 1979, an assessment of the work put in by the personnel at different stages of their treatment and on the basis of interviews with the clinics' chiefs it was found that the establishment of an optimal period of postoperative treatment of tumor in-patients is impracticable. Due to a high degree of tumor specialization and a wide range of tumor sites, the establishment of specialized clinics or hospitals may face additional difficulty in selecting admissions and running wards with variable turnover of in-patients and highly-specialized personnel.