Changes in Free Radical Processes under the Influence of Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field in Rats.

We studied the effect of a low-frequency (LF) electromagnetic field (EMF) on the state of the antioxidant system of Wistar rats in vivo. It was found that changes in activity of antioxidant enzymes and H2O2 content in the blood plasma of rats exposed to LF EMF depended on the frequency of EMF. We propose a mechanism of the protective effects of low doses of ROS the generation of which is stimulated by LF EMF.

[New approaches in surgery for osteomyelitis of the femoral neck and head via anterior access]. / Perednii dostup v khirurgii osteomielita sheiki i golovki bedra.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze an effectiveness of anterior approach to the hip joint for sequestrectomy with myoplasty. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have developed anterior surgical access for osteomyelitis of the femoral neck and head. Semi-oval incision is made in projection of the femoral head. Tendons of sartorius muscle and rectus femoris muscle are cut off from anterior spine of the iliac wing. Surgical field ensures sequestrectomy for osteomyelitis of the hip joint. Closure of osteomyelitis cavity is performed by the proximal parts of two anterior iliacus muscles. Surgical field may be enlarged by temporary intersection of iliopsoas muscle tendon. RESULTS: The key to anterior surgical approach to the hip joint is sartorius muscle and rectus femoris muscle. The length of surgical wound reaches 17-22 cm, width - 16-18 cm. The mobilized proximal part of sartorius muscle is used for closure of the entire bone cavity in femoral neck and head. Stable long-term remission was observed in 11 (91.7±7.6%) out of 12 patients. CONCLUSION: Original surgical approach is less traumatic and ensured manipulations under an angle of about 90°. This access complements the advantages of the well-known anterior approaches and has no their disadvantages.

[Surgical resolutions determining outcomes of infected pancreatic necrosis]. / Khirurgicheskie resheniia, opredeliaiushchie iskhod lecheniia infitsirovannogo pankreonekroza.

AIM: To evaluate technology, indications and time of minimally invasive semi-closed and laparotomic sanations for infected pancreatic necrosis (IP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Initially it was used sonography-assisted minimally invasive semi-closed drainage of IP with gradual augmentation of catheters' diameter. In 462 patients with IP liquid pus prevailed over sequesters in epigastric localized pancreatonecrotic phlegmon (ELPF) and pancreatonecrotic abscesses. So, minimally invasive approach may be definitive. Epigastric advanced pancreatonecrotic phlegmon with predominant sequesters is often followed by conversion to transverse omentobursopancreatostomy (OBPS) to open all purulent accumulations. RESULTS: Surgical treatment immediately after parapancreatic infiltrate suppuration (i.e. within 3-4 weeks after onset of the disease) is associated with reduced mortality. Absent result of minimally invasive drainage is followed by mortality from the 11th day and maximum in 14 days after treatment onset. Therefore, focal IP resistant to minimally invasive drainage requires conversion to transverse OBPS or video-assisted sequestrectomy after 10-13 days. The lowest mortality (14.8±2.5%) was observed in patients who underwent minimally invasive drainage or transverse OBPS within 10-13 days. Ineffective prolonged minimally invasive drainage was accompanied by high mortality rate (60.7±3.2%, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Conversion to transverse OBPS or video-assisted sequestrectomy are required if minimally invasive drainage of IP is ineffective after 10-13 days. Clear understanding of indications for closed and open drainage of PI helps to avoid tactical and technological errors.

Dynamics of the Pro-Oxidant/Antioxidant System Parameters in Wound Discharge and Plasma in Experimental Purulent Wound during Its Technological Liquid Phase Treatment.

The dynamics of the pro-oxidant/antioxidant system of rabbits was studied at the local (in exudate) and systemic (blood) levels during therapy of purulent wounds in liquid medium with the use of a programmed device and the efficiency of the proposed technological method was compared with that of classical methods for the treatment of these wounds. More rapid recovery of the indicators of the pro-oxidant/antioxidant system to physiological values in the postoperative period was observed after treatment by the proposed method (7 days vs. 10 days after standard treatment), these results attest to strengthening of the adaptation potential in laboratory animals. The intensity of free radical oxidation in the exudate decreased by 26.6% in animals treated by the technological method. These data indicated acceleration of the regenerative processes at the local level.

[The metabolic correction of the experimental alloxan diabetes by means of the antioxidant remedies].

The research concerning the effect of the remedies with the different antioxidant mechanisms on the indices of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as well as the thiol link of the antioxidant system and the functional detoxication system in modeling conditions of the decompensated alloxan diabetes mellitus have been presented. The research was performed on 105 white nonlinear male-rats with initial body weight (b.w.) 200-230 g, divided into seven groups. Group 1 has consisted of the intact animals. Group 2 (the comparison group) has consisted of the animals suffering from the severe alloxan diabetes mellitus (intraperitoneal administration of alloxan monohydrate at 10 mg/100 g b.w. three times, with an interval of one day, against fasting) without correction. In groups 3-7 diabetes mellitus has also been modeled. The animals of group 3 were fed by the diet with the supplement containing the antioxidant complex with high content of carotenoid substances (1 mg lutein per day, orally for a month before simulations of diabetes mellitus and for a month after). The animals of group 4 have been given the sodium dichloroacetate (15 mg/100g bw) with drinking water for the month before and a month after the modeling of diabetes. The animals of group 5 have been injected with the reduced glutathione (15 mg/100 g of b.w.) daily one week prior to administration of alloxan and until the end of the experiment, the animals of group 6 have been injected with the quercithin (10 mg/100 g of b.w.) and the rats of group 7 have been given the water with the reduced content of deuterium (91 mg/l) instead of the usual drinking water. The development of experimental alloxan diabetes mellitus in rats has been accompanied by the increase in blood plasma of glucose concentration by 6.9-fold, cholesterol and lipoproteins of low density by 66 and 100% respectively. The compensatory activity increase of the antiradical protective enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) as well as the concentration decrease of reduced glutathione in erythrocytes by 11% have been revealed. According to the data concerning the level of the molecules with medium and low mass in blood plasma as well as in erythrocytes, the evident endogenous intoxication has taken place. The performed researches have proved the presence of the significant hypoglycemic effect of the usage of sodium dichloroacetate, of the water with the reduced content of deuterium and of quercithin - the glucose concentration in these groups was lower than in the comparison group by 36, 33 and 47% respectively. In the same groups as well as in the group of rats injected with glutathione the hypolipidemic effect of various manifestation degree has been detected, the most evident in animals from group 7 in which all the indices except triglycerides haven't differed from indices of the control group. The usage of various corrective methods has also assisted the adequate functioning of the antioxidant system that has been proved by the normalization of glutathione content except of groups 3 and 6 in which its concentration was lower than the control indices by 25 and 12% respectively. Endogenous intoxication has been significantly lower in groups 4, 5 and 7 in which the level of molecular of medium and low mass in blood plasma was normal and only in erythrocyte mass was increased by 49-74% than in the control group. Thus, the data obtained prove the usage availability of the antioxidant remedies in the complex therapy in patients suffering from the diabetes mellitus. The most interesting is the usage of antioxidants with the indirect mechanism of action, i.e. the water with the reduced content of deuterium and sodium dichloroacetate. Quercithin and the reduced glutathione deserve attention as well, and considering the hypoglycemic effect of the first one and the metabolic effects of glutathione aimed at the functioning maintenance of the non-specific organism resistance, the possibility of the combined usage of both antioxidants should be taken into account.

[Influence of linseed oil and deiterium depleted water on isotopic D/H composition and functional antioxidant defense of the hepatobiliary system in rabbits with carbon tetrachloride intoxication].

The article presents results of studying the influence of linseed oil and drinking diet with a modified isotopic composition with low deuterium content on indicators of prooxidant-antioxidant system during modeling of liver toxicity. The research was performed on 36 rabbits (weighing 3.1-3.5 kg) which were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 consisted of control animals; in group 2, 3 and 4 in rabbits the liver toxicity was modeled by administration of CCl4 (intraperitoneally, in the form of a 50% oil solution, 1 ml per kg bw, 2 times a week for 30 days); nutritional correction using flaxseed oil (0.1 ml per 100 g bw) and drinking diet with deuterium depleted water (50 ppm) was carried out in animals from groups 3 and 4 respectively, for 30 days prior to simulation of toxic hepatitis and more throughout the experiment. Using the method of nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry the influence of deuterium depleted water on D/H composition of the blood plasma, bile and liver tissues was determined: the deuterium concentration in these biological materials significant decreased. The most significant decrease in the deuterium content (30.2% compared with the control group) was found in bloodplasma in animals from group 4. The study of the state of prooxidant-antioxidant balance of the liver and bile showed oxidative stress at the local level, with the toxic effects of carbon tetrachloride. This was followed by EPR spectroscopy data pronounced increase of the number of paramagnetic centers in the hepatocytes by 5.4, 1.9 and 2.8 fold in animals of 2, 3 and 4 groups, respectively (compared to the indicators of the first group). There was also increase in the intensity of free radical oxidation processes in the bile with a simultaneous reduction of its antioxidant activity, which was significantly less distinct (on average 51.18-59.8%, p<0.05) in animals treated with nutritional correction, indicating that higher functional activity of protective systems involved in recycling prooxidant factors using dietary lipophilic antioxidants and water with low deuterium content. Overall, the results of the present study indicate that existing in the liver and bile autonomous mechanisms of regulation of the state of prooxidant-antioxidant systems are quite sensitive to the effects of antioxidant factors of lipophilic nature and shifts of isotopic D/H gradient, and suggest usefulness of the products that can affect these indicators to increase adaptive capabilities of the organism during intoxication.