Maxillary Cystic Ameloblastic Fibroma in a Dalmatian Mix.

A 6-month-old intact male Dalmatian mix puppy was presented for the evaluation of left maxillary swelling due to a suspected cyst and an unerupted left maxillary canine tooth. Removal of the unerupted left maxillary canine tooth (204) and enucleation of the cyst was performed, followed by histological analysis, which identified the maxillary swelling to be a cystic ameloblastic fibroma. Ameloblastic fibromas are rare in companion animals, and to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first cystic variant reported in dogs. The clinical, radiographic, cone beam computed tomography, and histological findings of this case are discussed and compared with the findings of previously documented human and domestic animal cases.

Renal extramedullary plasmacytoma in a dog.

A 10-year-old, intact male Siberian husky dog was presented for a suspected left renal cyst. Computed tomography (CT) identified a large, left kidney mass with retroperitoneal hemorrhage. A left-sided nephrectomy was performed, and histopathology confirmed a renal plasmacytoma. Perioperative screening for multiple myeloma was negative. The dog was lost to follow-up and was euthanized 11 months after surgery. A necropsy was not performed. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of renal extramedullary plasmacytoma in a dog. Key clinical message: This report describes the clinical presentation, and laboratory, diagnostic imaging, and surgery findings of a case of renal extramedullary plasmacytoma in a dog.

Plasmocytome rénal extra-médullaire chez un chien. Un chien husky sibérien mâle intact de 10 ans a été présenté pour un kyste rénal gauche suspecté. La tomodensitométrie a identifié une grande masse rénale gauche avec une hémorragie rétropéritonéale. Une néphrectomie gauche a été réalisée et l'histopathologie a confirmé un plasmocytome rénal. Le dépistage péri-opératoire pour myélome multiple était négatif. Le chien n'a pas eu de suivi et a été euthanasié 11 mois après la chirurgie. Une autopsie n'a pas été réalisée. À la connaissance des auteurs, il s'agit du premier cas de plasmocytome rénal extra-médullaire chez un chien.Message clinique clé :Ce rapport décrit la présentation clinique et les résultats de laboratoire, d'imagerie diagnostique et de chirurgie d'un cas de plasmocytome rénal extra-médullaire chez un chien.(Traduit par Dr Serge Messier).

VITAMIN C DEFICIENCY-ASSOCIATED LESIONS IN A COLONY OF COMMON VAMPIRE BATS (DESMODUS ROTUNDUS) IN A ZOO FACILITY.

The Milwaukee County Zoo has housed common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) since 1973. The bats are fed defibrinated cow's blood supplemented with a liquid pediatric multivitamin. From July 2013 to May 2014, multiple deaths occurred in colony bats, including five juveniles with multiple bone fractures and failure of endochondral ossification, three adults with cerebellar necrosis, and one adult with subcutaneous hemorrhage. In November 2013, an adult bat developed a nonhealing left wing hematoma and eventually succumbed 9 mo later. A postmortem examination revealed multifocal extensive necrohemorrhagic and suppurative ulcerative dermatitis with no underlying cause determined. From July to December 2014, five of nine adult bats in the colony developed similar hematomas along with gingival bleeding. One euthanized bat had a serum ascorbic acid level of 0.08 mg/dl and marked generalized subcutaneous hemorrhage. A therapeutic trial was initiated in which two bats received defibrinated cow's blood supplemented only with oral vitamin C, 100 mg/kg PO q24h for 3 d, and then 50 mg/kg PO q24h. Two other bats received nonsupplemented defibrinated cow's blood and were given vitamin K 3.3 mg/kg SC q12h for 3 d, and then 3.3 mg/kg SC q24h for 7 d. The bats supplemented with vitamin C improved, supporting a diagnosis of vitamin C deficiency. All bats were subsequently supplemented with vitamin C leading to resolution of all lesions within 10 d to 2 mo. Vitamin C is necessary for collagen synthesis, which is required for proper wound healing, capillary and cartilage strength, osteoid production, and pial membrane formation of the cerebellum. Several bat species cannot synthesize vitamin C and require a dietary source. This is the first report of vitamin C deficiency in a colony of vampire bats leading to severe chronic subcutaneous hemorrhage, bone fragility, microfractures, cerebellar necrosis, and death.

MYOSITIS OSSIFICANS TRAUMATICA IN A VAMPIRE BAT (DESMODUS ROTUNDUS).

A 15-yr-old sexually intact female vampire bat ( Desmodus rotundus ) was diagnosed with myositis ossificans traumatica of the abdominal wall. The bat presented with a large ulcerated firm mass along the abdomen. Radiographs and cytology were performed, followed by surgical exploration. The mass was determined to be nonresectable and the bat was euthanized. Histopathology showed severe necrotizing, degenerative, and pyogranulomatous myositis with osseous and cartilaginous metaplasia, fibrosis, and ulceration, which were consistent with myositis ossificans traumatica. Myositis ossificans traumatica is commonly associated with previous trauma to skeletal muscle. Two years prior, this bat had an emergency Caesarian section at this site, which was postulated to elicit a marked tissue response leading to this condition. Myositis ossificans traumatica is infrequently reported in humans, dogs, cats, pigs, and horses. To the author's knowledge, this is the first report of this condition in a bat.

"TERATOCARCINOMATOSIS" IN AN EMU (DROMAIUS NOVAEHOLLANDIAE).

An adult female emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) with no previous abnormal clinical signs was found dead in its stall. A postmortem examination revealed carcinomatosis of unknown origin. Histopathology identified the masses as teratomas with malignant transformation by the presence of poorly differentiated tissue and dissemination throughout the coelomic cavity. We propose a new term, "teratocarcinomatosis," for this finding. This is the first case of a reproductive tumor described in an emu and the first case of such marked spread of malignant teratomas in a bird.

Pericardial Mesothelioma in a Yellow-naped Amazon Parrot (Amazona auropalliata).

A 37-year-old female yellow-naped Amazon parrot (Amazona auropalliata) was presented with a history of lethargy, inappetence, and decreased vocalizations. On examination, the coelom was moderately distended and palpated fluctuant, and the heart was muffled on auscultation. Coelomic ultrasound, coelomocentesis, and radiographs were performed and revealed an enlarged cardiac silhouette and marked coelomic effusion. Pericardial effusion was confirmed by echocardiography. A well-circumscribed, hyperechoic soft tissue density was observed at the level of the right atrium on initial echocardiography; however, a cardiac mass was not identified by computed tomography scan or repeat echocardiograms. Ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis was performed under anesthesia, and cytology results were consistent with hemorrhage; no neoplastic cells were identified. A repeat echocardiogram 4 days after pericardiocentesis revealed recurrence of the pericardial effusion. Due to the grave prognosis, the owners declined endoscopic pericardiectomy, and the patient died the following day. On postmortem examination, the pericardial surface of the heart was covered in a white to yellow, multinodular mass layer. Histologic analysis revealed a multinodular mass extending from the atria, running along the epicardium distally, and often extending into the myocardium. Neoplastic cells present in the heart mass and pericardium did not stain with a Churukian-Schenk stain, and thyroglobulin immunohistochemistry was negative. Cytokeratin and vimentin stains showed positive expression in the neoplastic cells within the mass. These results are consistent with a diagnosis of mesothelioma. This is the first report of mesothelioma in a psittacine bird.

Characterization of PPAR dual ligand MCC-555 in AOM-induced colorectal tumorigenesis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists represent a potentially important family of chemopreventive/therapeutic compounds for cancer treatment by affecting cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Dual ligands for PPARα and PPARγ, such as netoglitazone (MCC-555), have been developed to improve treatment of metabolic syndromes, including hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Interestingly, these dual ligands also possess anti-proliferative activities against a variety of cancer cell lines with a greater potency than conventional PPARγ specific ligands. In this study, chemopreventive properties of MCC-555 in colorectal tumorigenesis were evaluated using azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in A/J mice. We found that MCC-555 suppressed AOM-induced ACF in A/J mice, compared to the control group. Administration of MCC-555 resulted in decreased mitoses and increased apoptotic cells in the colon. Furthermore, expression of tumor suppressor protein MUC2 was increased in MCC-555 treated mice. Our data clearly suggest that MCC-555 has an effect on the early events of colon carcinogenesis, thus providing evidence that MCC-555 could be a potential preventive compound for CRC.