Grief and ruminative thought after perinatal loss among Turkish women: one-year cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Among women who have suffered loss of pregnancy, the level of grief decreases gradually. Age, mental health status and childlessness are the factors known to mostly affect women's levels of grief. OBJECTIVES: To assess the levels of grief among women who experienced perinatal loss and the changes in their ruminative thought styles over the first year after their loss. DESIGN AND SETTING: One-year follow-up study carried out in a university hospital in Turkey. METHODS: The study population included 70 women who experienced loss of pregnancy in the hospital. The sample size was calculated using G*Power V3.1. Data were collected at 48 hours, at the third month, at the sixth month and at one year after pregnancy loss, between June 2018 and June 2019. A personal information form, the Perinatal Grief Scale and the Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire were used for data collection. RESULTS: The women's highest levels of grief and ruminative thought style were in the first 48 hours. Their tendency towards grief and ruminative thought styles decreased over the repeated measurements during the follow-up. Women aged 20-29 years had the highest levels of grief at the third month after perinatal loss. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing assessments regarding grief and ruminative thought style over the first 48 hours after perinatal loss should be integrated into nursing care for these women. Grief follow-up programs for these women can be developed through nursing research.

Grief and ruminative thought after perinatal loss among Turkish women: one-year cohort study

Abstract BACKGROUND: Among women who have suffered loss of pregnancy, the level of grief decreases gradually. Age, mental health status and childlessness are the factors known to mostly affect women's levels of grief. OBJECTIVES: To assess the levels of grief among women who experienced perinatal loss and the changes in their ruminative thought styles over the first year after their loss. DESIGN AND SETTING: One-year follow-up study carried out in a university hospital in Turkey. METHODS: The study population included 70 women who experienced loss of pregnancy in the hospital. The sample size was calculated using G*Power V3.1. Data were collected at 48 hours, at the third month, at the sixth month and at one year after pregnancy loss, between June 2018 and June 2019. A personal information form, the Perinatal Grief Scale and the Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire were used for data collection. RESULTS: The women's highest levels of grief and ruminative thought style were in the first 48 hours. Their tendency towards grief and ruminative thought styles decreased over the repeated measurements during the follow-up. Women aged 20-29 years had the highest levels of grief at the third month after perinatal loss. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing assessments regarding grief and ruminative thought style over the first 48 hours after perinatal loss should be integrated into nursing care for these women. Grief follow-up programs for these women can be developed through nursing research.

The Effects of the Parenting Education Performed through Whatsapp on the Level of Maternal-Paternal and Infant Attachment in Turkey.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the effects of parenting education with online WhatsApp messages on the level of maternal-paternal and infant attachment. DESIGN AND METHODS: The study adopted a randomized-controlled experimental design. The sample of the study was 32 couples. The experimental group was provided with online parenting education in the WhatsApp groups. Data were collected through the Socio-Demographic Form, the Maternal Attachment Inventory, and the Paternal Postnatal Attachment Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, Wilcoxon test, Paired t-test, Independent sample t-test, Mann Whitney U test, and Wald type statistics test. RESULTS: Intra-group comparisons showed that there was a statistical significance between the Maternal Attachment Inventory total scores (p < 0.001). There was a significant difference between group time interactions (p < 0.001), and these differences had a high effect size. When the intra-group comparisons were performed in terms of the Paternal Postnatal Attachment Questionnaire, there were significant differences between the total score differences (p = 0.001). An analysis of the group time interactions indicated no statistically significant differences (p = 0.653). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that the parenting education intervention increased maternal attachment levels in a significant way.

An evaluation of the factors that affect the sexual satisfaction of people with spinal cord injuries.

Objective: To evaluate the relationships between the variables that affect the sexual satisfaction of patients with spinal cord injuries.Design: Descriptive and cross-sectional survey.Setting: The physical medicine and rehabilitation outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Turkey.Participants: This study was performed from July to December2018. It included 103 patients with spinal cord injuries.Outcome Measures: The data were collected using an introductory information form, the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale and the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction. Data were evaluated using the chi-square test, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test and linear regression.Results: The total mean scores on the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction were 40.2 ± 21.6 for males and 44.9 ± 18.1 for females. According to the linear regression analysis, model VII presented the best results of the relationship between physiological and psychological determinants that affect the sexual satisfaction of patients with spinal cord injuries. Model VII consisted of the variables of ASIA A and B scores, age, injury due to falling from height, being a housewife, and thinking of being unable to reach future goals. These explained 75.4% of the variation in sexual satisfaction scores.Conclusion: The participants' mean scores on the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction were found to be affected by various variables. A significant relationship between their mean scores on the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale and the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction was determined.