The 4M Model.

Engaging the health care team, including older adults and their caregivers, with the Institute for Healthcare Improvement 4M Model can help ensure every older adult receives (1) optimal health care, (2) is not harmed by health care, and (3) is satisfied with their health care. The evidence-based 4 Ms Model includes 4 significant concepts specific to older adult care: What matters, Mentation, Mobility, and Medication. Unfortunately, clinicians do not consistently apply the 4 Ms Model when caring for older adults. Personalized, age-friendly care based on the 4 Ms Model can improve outcomes for older adult patients.

Educating Bachelor of Science in Nursing Students in Leadership Strategies Needed for Care Management and Disease Management for the Heart Failure Patient Population.

During Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) program education, student nurses are introduced to topics such as patient care across health care settings, health promotion, research, safety and quality, technology, and leadership in the health care system. As one of the most common diseases in the population, heart failure (HF) is covered throughout the BSN curriculum. There are various educational strategies used by nursing schools to ensure BSN students possess the necessary leadership skills and are prepared for providing HF patient care in care management settings. Strategies include active learning education delivery models, case studies, role play, and interactive games.