Metal-based-oxide nanoparticles assisted the in vitro culture growth of Populus alba as micronutrients: essential metabolic processes and genetic stability.

The present study evaluates the in vitro culture growth rate of Populus alba upon using nano metal-based-oxides such as hematite (Fe2O3 NPs), zinc oxide (ZnO NPs), and manganese oxide (Mn2O3 NPs) nanoparticles as analogues of three primary micronutrients such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn), which exist in soil as micronutrients. Herein, the in vitro culture growth rate was investigated using three different concentrations (i.e., 20, 40, and 60 mg L-1) of as-prepared metal oxide nanoparticles compared to the control. In addition, the as-prepared nanoparticles have been prepared via the co-precipitation method. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties were investigated using transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering techniques. Overall, a significant difference in the biomass production-related parameters such as fresh weight, shoot length, and root length was observed compared to the control upon the treatment with micronutrient-based nano-metal-oxides (i.e., Mn2O3 > Fe2O3 > ZnO NPs, respectively). In addition, a significant increase in the root number of Populus alba plants upon their treatment with ZnO NPs was observed compared to other prepared nano-metal-oxides and the control. Also, a remarkable increase in the chlorophyll index was monitored upon the treatment with Fe2O3 NPs rather than the other commonly used Mn2O3 and ZnO NPs, respectively. Moreover, RAPD-PCR bioassays were applied, and the actual six primers showed a genetic variation percentage of 34.17%, indicating that Populus alba is highly genetically stable even in highly contaminated soil. As a result, our findings suggest an idea that indicates the ability to enhance the in vitro culture growth rate of Populus alba plants using metal oxide nanoparticles as analogous to essential micronutrients.

Curcumin assisted green synthesis of silver and zinc oxide nanostructures and their antibacterial activity against some clinical pathogenic multi-drug resistant bacteria.

According to WHO warnings, the antibiotic resistance crisis is a severe health issue in the 21st century, attributed to the overuse and misuse of these medications. Consequently, the dramatic spreading rate of the drug-resistant microbial pathogens strains. The microbiological, biochemical tests and antibiotic sensitivity identified the bacteria's multi-drug resistance (MDR). About 150 different clinical samples were taken from hospitalized patients, both males, and females, ranging from 9 to 68 years. Gram-negative strains were (70.0%), while Gram-positive isolates were (30.0%). Among sixteen antibiotics, antibiotic susceptibility of imipenem was found to be the most efficient drug against most of the Gram-negative and Gram-positive isolates, followed by meropenem, depending on the culture and sensitivity results. All the experimental bacteria showed multidrug-resistant phenomena. In this study, green synthesized silver (Cur-Ag NPs) and zinc oxide (Cur-ZnO NPs) nanoparticles in the presence of curcumin extract. In addition, their physicochemical properties have been characterized using different techniques such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and colloidal properties techniques. Furthermore, curcumin-capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibited solid antimicrobial action against the experimental bacterial isolates, except Proteus vulgaris (i.e., P. vulgaris). Curcumin-capped zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) found antimicrobial activity against all tested strains. Finally, the minimum inhibitory concentration exhibited values from 3.9 to 15.6 µg ml-1, which is too small compared to other traditional antibiotics. In addition, the green-synthesized Cur-Ag NPs and Cur-ZnO NPs showed good biocompatibility.