Assessment of Pain Management After Orthognathic Surgery by the Administration of Montelukast: An Original Research.

Introduction: Opioid may cause undue risk after surgical procedures like orthognathic surgeries. The present study was aimed to determine how the preoperative administration of oral montelukast affected the degree of postoperative discomfort following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery (BOS). Methodology: This study included all skeletal class III subjects scheduled for BOS. The participants were split into placebo and montelukast groups at random. Every patient received a 10-mL serving of apple juice an hour prior to the surgery; however, for the intervention group, a montelukast 10 mg pill was dissolved in the juice. The same surgical team and general anesthetic guidelines were used for all procedures. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to calculate postoperative pain at designated intervals. The significance level for the statistical analysis was determined using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Results: The control subjects had a higher level of pain at all the intervals than the intended drug test group. Also, the control group needed more analgesics than the test group. There was one observation made that the length of the surgery had an impact on the postoperative pain. Conclusion: Preoperative montelukast medication may be useful in minimizing postoperative discomfort following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. More research is required for greater relevance.

Assessment of the Peri-Implant Conditions for the Primary and the Repeated Abutment Placements: An Original Research.

Introduction: Recurrent abutment substitutions may physically irritate the mucosal (soft tissue) barrier, which may cause additional toxic irritants and germs to enter the mucosal implant barrier and weaken the tissues surrounding implant. The creation of a "definitive abutment" may lessen the likelihood of tissue losses around the implant. Determining the characters of the peri-implant tissue after the placement of the definitive abutments and multiple abutment replacement was the goal of this study. Materials and Procedures: Forty missing teeth were replaced with implants in matched subjects. Parameters assessed were "distance of cement enamel junction to alveolar crest and distance of CEJ to gingival margin; bleeding on probing, Sulcus probing depth, and peri-implant marginal bone loss." Subjects were randomly assigned for the two groups of intervention. All the measurements were documented at designated timelines and compared for the statistical variance where P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: In the control and test groups, the peri-implant marginal bone level rose from baseline to 3 months. There were no appreciable differences between the CEJ-AC and CEJ-GM groups when the clinical and radiographic parameters of each group were evaluated. Throughout all of the time points, the soft tissue borders in both groups remained comparably steady. Conclusion: The study's findings suggest that using implants with definite abutments is more advantageous for obtaining better maintenance in terms of the health of the tissues that surround the implants.

Comparison of the Quality of Life Among the Immediate Loading Implant Overdentures Using the Single and the Double Implants: An Original Study.

Introduction: In edentulous individuals, single implant-retained mandibular overdentures are an effective substitute for double implant-retained overdentures. In this current research, the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was assessed for the immediate loading overdenture using the implants. The comparisons are drawn between the single and double implants. Materials and Methods: Forty subjects received single and double implants for the placement of the mandibular overdentures. Within a week days of implant insertion, they were loaded with overdentures. Using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire, the OHRQoL was measured before treatment, one month following treatment, and 12 months thereafter. Results: In both the single implant and double implant groups, participants' mean OHIP-14 scores decreased statistically significantly for the different timelines. For the single implant group, the baseline total mean OHIP-14 score was 14.33, and for double implants, it was 19.15. Following therapy, it decreased to 8.55 in the single implant group and 9.48 for the double implant group at one month, and at 12 months, it further decreased to 3.25 in the single implant group while it was 5.15 in the double implant group. Conclusions: Single and double implants increase the QoL for older subjects who are edentulous at the 1-month and 1-year recall points. When two implants are used by older individuals, the single implant might offer an equivalent quality of life.

Evaluation of the Head and Neck Surgery During the Pandemic COVID-19: A Tertiary Care Center Study.

Introduction: There is a notable shift in the attitude of the admission, review, diagnostics, and follow-up of patients for all the medical sectors and of particular interest of cancer patients. The present study aimed to elaborate on the identification of patients with head and neck cancers (HNCs); the diagnostics, the triage, and the best treatment plan were all evaluated and at the same time compared with the years before the pandemic at a tertiary care center that caters to various other patients also. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational clinical study was conducted at the tertiary care center that catered to all the medical specialties. The demographics, the patient characteristics, the surgeries performed, complications, mortality, and readmissions were evaluated and compared with the pre-coronavirus disease (COVID) time. Results: There was a significant difference in the complications for the pre-COVID time when the groups were compared for the matched pair. Conclusion: The proper screening and triaging of the patients will help in the early intervention of the patients with the HNCs.

Estimation of the Mechanical Properties of PRF in the Implant Surgery: An Original Research.

Introduction: In many oral procedures that involve the implants, hair implantations, "Platelet-Rich Fibrin Membrane (PRF)" is commonly applied. The advantages are many. In this study, the mechanical resistance of PRF under resistance pull on a longitudinal axis was assessed and compared. Material and Methods: For the current in vitro study, 60 volunteers donated each 10 ml of their blood and hence a total volume of 600 ml of blood was procured that was analyzed for the current study. The total volume was grouped to three groups where they receive three resistance centrifugation forces of "F-200,600,800 m/s²." In each group, 20 samples were tested for each level of the G-resistance. Each group was further divided as two subgroups of different times of wait, where they were centrifuged at baseline time and after a stand of 30 minutes. On universal testing equipment, the PRF membranes were mechanically tensioned in order to determine each membrane's resistance force. These values were compared for any statistical variance using appropriate statistical tools keeping P < 0.05. Results: Any applied force had no statistically significant effect on the centrifugation duration for membrane resistance. When the resistance was applied for the PRP samples immediately after they were procured, no significant variation was seen at all the grades of the centrifugation forces; consequently, the T30 group showed a statistically significant variance for the centrifugation forces applied (P = 0.04), with the highest value when the greatest force was applied. According to the results, the centrifugation waiting period could be determined based on the application requirement. Conclusion: For immediate membrane usage, the centrifugation had no effect on resistance; however, after 30 minutes, a membrane with greater resistance was produced by applying more force.

Erratum to: Duration of Hospital Stay Following Orthognathic Surgery at the Jordan University Hospital.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12663-011-0327-5.].

In vitro evaluation of topical fluoride pH and their effect on surface hardness of composite resin-based restorative materials.

AIM: The aim of the study was to correlate the pH and fluoride ion uptake with surface hardness of composite resin based restorative materials after topical fluoride application. METHODOLOGY: Forty disks of each of test materials Composite (Filtek Z350XT, 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA), Resin modified glass ionomer (Vitremer) and Compomer (Dyract AP) were made and ten disks of each material were placed in different test solutions - 1.23% APF gel, Sodium fluoride mouth rinse, 0.9% neutral fluoride and distilled water (Control group). After 36 hours of immersion, specimens were subjected to microhardness testing machine for evaluation of surface hardness. RESULTS: The greater hardness deterioration for all materials resulted with 1.23% APF gel when compared to the control group. Composite (Filtek Z350XT, 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA) showed 17.13 VHN (control group 59.11 VHN). Vitremer showed 9.71 VHN (control group 37.71 VHN). Compomer showed 19.22 VHN (control group 36.78 VHN). CONCLUSION: 1.23% ApF gel significantly decreased hardness of composite, Vitremer and Compomer. Hardness deterioration associated with sodium fluoride mouth rinse and 0.9% neutral fluoride was less compared to 1.23% ApF gel.

Mandibular third molar impactions in male adults: Relationship of Operative time and Types of impaction on inflammatory complications.

BACKGROUND: This paper investigates the relationship betweendifferent types of impactions with postoperativeinflammatory tissue reaction. MATERIALS & METHODS: Consecutive patients with only mandibular third molar impactions were included in our study. They were classified by winter's classification. The disimpactions were performed under local anaesthesia. Time for surgery was noted for each surgical procedure. Postoperative inflammatory complication in terms of pain, swelling and trismus were noted. RESULTS: 150 male patients in the age groupof 18-40 years were studied. Inflammatory tissue reactions were increasing with more operative time. Distoangular and Horizontal impactions were associated with more pain on first 3 days of surgery along with more swelling and trismus. Vertically impacted teeth were associated with least complications. CONCLUSION: Post operative morbidity was increasing along with moreoperating time and increase in the depth of mandibular third molar impaction. How to cite the article: Mansuri S, Mujeeb A, Hussain SA, Hussain MA. Mandibular third molar impactions in male adults: Relationship of Operative time and Types of impaction on inflammatory complications. J Int Oral Health 2014;6(2):9-15.

Advancing mandibular swelling: a diagnostic dilemma.

Asymmetrical swelling of the mandible in adolescence may pose a significant diagnostic dilemma. The differential diagnosis ranges from traumatic, infectious, and metabolic processes to benign and malignant tumors. Also may present with similar clinical and radiological features, making an accurate diagnosis quite difficult. This is an illustrative case involving a 30-year-old female who initially presented with complaint of pain and swelling in the lower left side of the face for 2 months. Multiple investigations and several biopsies were required to arrive at a diagnosis. This paper deals with a case report of a fibrosarcoma involving the mandible highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment planning.

Assessment of knowledge of dental staff at a saudi arabian university regarding the prophylaxis for infective endocarditis.

UNLABELLED: The use of prophylactic antibiotics for the prevention of infective endocarditis following dental procedures has long been debated and there is still confusion regarding its efficacy. As a result, the prophylactic treatment varies considerably amongst different countries across the world and amongst different dental practitioners. AIM: To evaluate the knowledge of dental staff regarding the guidelines for the prevention of infective endocarditis. METHODS: This was a cross sectional analytical study which included all staff members. A self administered questionnaire was used and responses were "graded" according to the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines. RESULTS: The response rate was 87% (N=39) and 97% reported to use the AHA guidelines; 66% reported their knowledge was based on previous training and scientific journals. Of those cardiac conditions and dental procedures which required prophylaxis; 47% and 65% chose the correct option, respectively. Penicillin was prescribed as the drug of choice by the majority of respondents. CONCLUSIONS: Although almost all staff reported the use of the AHA guidelines, many were not following them. The study emphasizes the need for continuous education and evaluation of this critical aspect of dentistry.

Treatment of mandibular angle fracture with a 2mm, 3 dimensional rectangular grid compression miniplates: A prospective clinical study.

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of fracture mandible using an internal fixation has changed in the last decades to achieve the required rigidity, stability and immediate restoration of function. The aim of the study was to do a Prospective study of 10 patients to determine the efficacy of rectangular grid compression miniplates in mandibular fractures. MATERIALS & METHODS: This study was carried out using 2.0 rectangular grid compression miniplates and 8 mm multidirectional screws as a rigid internal fixation in 10 patients without post operative intermaxillary fixation (IMF). Follow up was done for period of 6 months. RESULTS: All fractures were healed with an absolute stability in post operative period. None of the patient complained of post operative difficulty in occlusion. CONCLUSION: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that rectangular grid compression miniplates was rigid, reliable and thus can be recommended for the treatment of mandibular angle fractures. How to cite this article: Mansuri S, Abdulkhayum AM, Gazal G, Hussain MA. Treatment of mandibular angle fracture with a 2mm, 3 dimensional rectangular grid compression miniplates: A prospective clinical study. J Int Oral Health 2013;5(6):93-100 .

Duration of hospital stay following orthognathic surgery at the jordan university hospital.

BACKGROUND: Major oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures have been routinely performed on an inpatient basis in order to manage both, the recovery from anesthesia and any unpredictable morbidity that may be associated with the surgery. The use of inpatient beds is extremely expensive and if the surgical procedures could be done on an outpatient setting, it would reduce the costs and the need for inpatient care. The aim was to determine the length of hospital stay (LHS) and the factors which influence the LHS following orthognathic surgery at the Jordan University Hospital over 5 years (2005-2009). METHODS: This was a retrospective record review of patients who underwent orthognathic surgery at Jordan University Hospital between 2005 and 2009. The variables were recorded on a data capture form which was adapted and developed from previous studies. Descriptive and analytical statistical methods were used to correlate these variables to the LHS. RESULTS: Ninety two patients were included in the study and 74% of them were females. The mean age was 23.7 years and the mean LHS was 4 days. The complexity of the procedure, length of operation time, intensive care unit (ICU) stay and year of operation were significantly correlated with a positive LHS (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients' hospital stay was directly related to the complexity of the orthognathic procedure, the operation time, time spent in ICU and the year in which the operation was done. There was a significant reduction in the LHS over the progressing years and this could be due to an increase in experience and knowledge of the operators and an improvement in the hospital facilities.

A randomized controlled trail comparing the efficacy of 0.5% centbucridine to 2% lignocaine as local anesthetics in dental extractions.

The development of local anesthesia in dentistry has marked the beginning of a new era in terms of pain control. Lignocaine is the most commonly used local anesthetic (LA) agent even though it has a vasodilative effect and needs to be combined with adrenaline. Centbucridine is a non-ester, non amide group LA and has not been comprehensively studied in the dental setting and the objective was to compare it to Lignocaine. This was a randomized study comparing the onset time, duration, depth and cardiovascular parameters between Centbucridine (0.5%) and Lignocaine (2%). The study was conducted in the dental outpatient department at the Government Dental College in India on patients attending for the extraction of lower molars. A total of 198 patients were included and there were no significant differences between the LAs except those who received Centbucridine reported a significantly longer duration of anesthesia compared to those who received Lignocaine. None of the patients reported any side effects. Centbucridine was well tolerated and its substantial duration of anesthesia could be attributed to its chemical compound. Centbucridine can be used for dental procedures and can confidently be used in patients who cannot tolerate Lignocaine or where adrenaline is contraindicated.