Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of adolescent depression among parents of children diagnosed with depression in Ningbo City, eastern China.

Objective: To investigate parental knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward adolescent depression. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between October 2022 and October 2023 at The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University among parents of adolescents diagnosed with depression. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the parents' demographic characteristics and KAP toward adolescent depression. Results: A total of 522 questionnaires were collected from parents of depressed adolescents. Among the participants, 383 (73.37%) were female. In addition, 426 participants (81.61%) had children aged 14-18. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 9.09 ± 2.37 (possible range: 0-12), 37.04 ± 4.11 (possible range: 11-55), and 31.53 ± 3.84 (possible range: 8-40), respectively. There were significant positive correlations between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.225, p < 0.001), knowledge and practice (r = 0.240, p < 0.001), and attitude and practice (r = 0.381, p < 0.001). The path analysis showed significant direct effects of knowledge on attitude (ß = 0.422, p < 0.001) and practice (ß = 0.283, p < 0.001). There was an indirect effect of knowledge on practice through attitude (ß = 0.131, p = 0.004). Attitude directly impacted practice (ß = 0.311, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Parents of adolescents diagnosed with depression exhibited moderate KAP regarding adolescent depression. The study underscored the importance of targeted interventions to improve parental KAP in supporting adolescents with depression. Moreover, future research should explore additional factors influencing parental attitudes and behaviors toward adolescent depression to develop more effective interventions.

A Bibliometric and Visualisation Analysis on the Research of Female Genital Plastic Surgery Based on the Web of Science Core Collection Database.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Due to the increasing demand for improving the morphology and function of the external genitalia amongst women, it is necessary to conduct statistical analysis of research data on female genital reconstruction. The current study aimed to use bibliometric analysis to analyse the research hotspots and trend frontiers of the female genital reconstructive research. METHODS: Publications on the female genital reconstructive research were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database. VOSviewer 1.6.18 was used to establish visualisation maps and find top authors, institutions, countries, burst keywords, co-cited authors, journals, research hotspots, and trends. RESULTS: A total of 2207 studies published by 364 different journals authored by 7479 researchers were contained in this study. In the co-authorship analysis, the bulk of the retrieved studies was conducted by the USA, followed by England, Italy, and Netherlands, whilst the most productive institution, journal, and author were U.S. Univ Calif San Francisco, Journal of Sexual Medicine, and Bouman Mark-Bram, respectively. In the co-cited analysis, the top most-cited author and journal were Hage JJ and Journal of Sexual Medicine, respectively. The map of keywords occurrence revealed the most active research aspects were focussed on "vaginoplasty", "feminised genitoplasty", "laser treatment of vaginal atrophy", "transsexualism", and "labiaplasty". The time overlay mapping showed that the study of female genital plastic surgery focusses on the energetic treatment of genitourinary syndromes caused by transsexualism and menopause, especially by using management and treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy for the research trends, and through the vaginoplasty, feminising genioplasty, and laser treatments in the direction of treatments related to physical and mental problems. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: This novel inclusive bibliometric analysis can help research workers to quickly understand the potential and active researchers, landmark studies, and topics within their interests. We are willing to provide more beneficial data to contribute valuable research of female genital plastic surgery through this study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: The journal asks authors to assign a level of evidence to each article. For a complete description of Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, see the Table of Contents or the online Instructions for Authors at www.springer.com/00266 .

Direct imaging of dynamic heterogeneous lithium-gold interaction at the electrochemical interface during the charging/discharging processes.

Lithium can smoothly plate on certain lithium alloys in theory, such as the Li-Au alloy, making the alloy/metal films promising current collectors for high energy density anode-free batteries. However, the actual performance of the batteries with alloy film electrodes often rapidly deteriorates. It remains challenging for current imaging approaches to provide sufficient details for fully understanding the process. Here, a "see-through" operando optical microscopic approach that allows direct imaging of Li-Au interaction with high spatiotemporal and chemical resolution has been developed. Through this approach, a two-step Li-Au alloying process that exhibits interesting complementary spatiotemporal evolution paths has been discovered. The alloying process regulates the nucleation of further Li deposition, while the Li nucleation sites generate pores on the electrode film. After several cycles, film rupture occurs due to the generation of an increased number of pores, thus explaining the previously unclear mechanism of poor cycling stability. We have also elucidated the deterioration mechanism of silver electrodes: the growth of defect pores in size, independent of the alloying process. Overall, this new imaging approach opens up an effective and simple way to monitor the dynamic heterogeneity of metal-metal interaction at the electrochemical interface, which could provide helpful insight for designing high-performance batteries.

Research Hotspots and Emerging Trends of Facial Rejuvenation: A Bibliometric Analysis.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the demand for facial rejuvenation is increasing year by year. This study aims to use bibliometric analysis to construct a visualization map of the facial rejuvenation research and provide the research hotspots and trend frontiers in the field. METHODS: Publications on facial rejuvenation research were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database. VOSviewer 1.6.18 was used to analyze the co-authorship, the citations of countries, institutions, and authors, the co-occurrence of keywords, and the journals in which the studies were published. RESULTS: In total, 6,196 records of facial rejuvenation research published between 2000 and 2021 were collected. The USA had published the most publications in this field (2,647), and its main partners were Canada, Germany, and China. University of California, Los Angeles, was the institution with the greatest contribution (127 publications). Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (623 publications) published the most research in this field and was also the most frequently co-cited journal (17,349 citations, total link strength: 586,955). Rohrich RJ (70 publications) was the most prolific and most frequently co-cited author (1,230 citations, TLS: 26,603). Among the 100 most cited articles, 57 articles are amenable to grading level of evidence, and most papers presented their findings utilizing level IV evidence. CONCLUSIONS: At present, the research hotspots in this field included the following six aspects: facial photoelectric therapy, aging manifestation and treatment in the middle of the face, the application of autologous fat transfer in facial rejuvenation, facial plastic surgery, facial injection cosmetology, and rhytidectomy and related anatomy. According to the analysis of the timing diagram, the research trends were esthetic medicine, mesenchymal stem cells, laser therapy, the application of platelet-rich plasma, and platelet-rich fibrin. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis on the Research of Fat Grafting from 1945 to 2021.

BACKGROUND: It is very important to generate a comprehensive assessment of the fat grafting field due to the rapid growth of scientific literature. The current study aimed to use bibliometric analysis to evaluate fat grafting research qualitatively and quantitatively and determine the research hotspots and trends in this field. METHODS: Publications on fat grafting research were extracted from the Web of Science core collection database. VOSviewer 1.6.18 was applied to perform the bibliometric analysis of these articles. RESULTS: A total of 2558 studies published by 594 different journals authored by 9097 researchers were contained in this study. In the co-authorship analysis, the bulk of the retrieved studies was conducted by the USA, followed by China, Italy and Japan, while the most productive institution, journal and author were Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences, Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery and Klinger M, respectively. In the co-cited analysis, the most top cited author, journal, organization and country were Coleman Sr, Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, New York University and the USA, respectively. The map of keywords occurrence revealed the most active research aspects were focused on "surgery," "cell," "breast reconstruction" and "survival" and the time overlay mapping showed that the most active research hotspots were "breast reconstruction" and "retention". CONCLUSIONS: The research hotspots include the following four aspects: aesthetic surgeries, cell-assisted lipotransfer, breast reconstruction and grafted fat survival. Breast fat grafting and volume retention may be trends in the future. We are willing to provide more beneficial data to contribute valuable research for the fat grafting through this study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Super-resolved dynamics of isolated zinc formation during extremely fast electrochemical deposition/dissolution processes.

The development of zinc-air batteries with high-rate capability and long lifespan is critically important for their practical use, especially in smart grid and electric vehicle application. The formation of isolated zinc (i-Zn) on the zinc anode surface, however, could easily lead to deteriorated performance, such as rapid capacity decay. In particular, under the fast charging/discharging conditions, the electrochemical activities on the anode surface are complicated and severely suppressed. Thus, it is highly desirable to deeply understand the formation mechanism of i-Zn and its relationship with the electrochemical performance during extremely high-rate cycling. Herein, we employed a super-resolution dark-field microscope to in situ analyze the evolution dynamics of the electrolyte-Zn interface during the extremely fast electrochemical deposition/dissolution processes. The unique phenomenon of nanoscopic i-Zn generation under the condition is unveiled. We discovered that the rapid conversion of nanoscopic i-Zn fragments into passivated products could greatly exacerbate the concentration polarization process and increase the overpotential. In addition, the role of large-sized i-Zn fragments in reducing the coulombic efficiency is further elucidated. This information could aid the rational design of highly effective anodes for extremely high-rate zinc-based batteries and other battery systems.

Defect Engineering in CuSx/COF Hybridized Heterostructures: Synergistic Facilitation of the Charge Migration for an Efficacious Photocatalytic Conversion of CO2 into CO.

The photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) provides an attractive approach to tackling environmental issues. To actualize the optimal catalytic efficiency, one efficacious strategy is to rationally modulate the charge migration for the adopted heterogeneous catalysts. Herein, by virtue of a one-step hydrothermal method, Cu2S nanospheres and defect-rich Cu2S (CuSx) nanosheets are wrapped by a triazine-containing covalent framework (TP-TA COF), resulting in CuSx/TP-TA and Cu2S/TP-TA. Owing to the heterojunction construction that suppresses the carrier recombination, both hybridized structures present enhanced charge migration in comparison to that of their corresponding sulfides and COF constituents. It is worth emphasizing that CuSx/TP-TA proffers a significantly greater photocurrent than Cu2S/TP-TA. The subsequent photocatalytic reduction of CO2 also exhibits an apparently higher CO evolution rate, about 2.8 times higher than the Cu2S/TP-TA photocatalyst. The above evident improvement owes much to the heterostructure establishment between CuSx and TP-TA COF, as well as the synergistic effect provided by the defect engineering for CuSx, both of which are able to enhance the separation efficiency of photoinduced carriers. Our work sheds light on the rational construction of heterogeneous structures between organic and inorganic photocatalysts, which emphasizes the possible synergistic effect of defect centers for enhancing photocatalytic performance.

Operando Optoelectrochemical Analysis of Single Zinc Dendrites with a Reflective Nanopore Electrode.

Dendrites can severely impair zinc battery performance. An in-depth understanding of the dynamic morphology evolution of dendrites with operando approaches is pivotal when addressing these issues. However, in previous studies, the corresponding electrochemical signals are usually ensemble and averaged. It is very challenging to obtain detailed information about the key morphology-performance relationship. Herein, correlated high-resolution operando optical and electrochemical studies of single dendrites on Pt reflective nanopore electrodes are reported. The zinc deposition and dissolution can be directly imaged by a high NA optical microscope, while corresponding galvanic charging and discharging curves are obtained. The correlated information of morphology changes and dynamic overpotential fluctuations under different circumstances unveils the competition between active growth vs. passivation. The isolated zinc formation at the single dendrite level is also evaluated. The methodology can be further extended to elucidate the direct relationship between dendrite evolution and electrochemical responses in various battery systems.

Trends in Breast Augmentation Research: A Bibliometric Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Breast augmentation is one of the most demanded procedures in plastic surgery and one of the most commonly performed by plastic surgeons. However, a bibliometric analysis of breast augmentation has not been published in recent years. The current study aimed to use a bibliometric analysis to conduct a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of breast augmentation research and provide the research trends and hotspots in this field. METHODS: Publications on breast augmentation research were extracted from the Web of Science core collection database. VOSviewer 1.6.18 was used to assess co-authorship, co-occurrence, citation of countries, institutions, authors, and journals, as well as hotspot keywords. RESULTS: On February 8, 2022, 4637 records of breast augmentation research published from 1985 to 2021 were collected. The bulk of the retrieved studies were original research articles (n = 2235, 48.20%). A total of 1053 (22.71%) papers were open access. The annual publication output increased annually. The USA was the driving force in this field and had a strong academic reputation. The top-contributing institution was the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (2.37%, with 110 publications). Plastic and reconstructive surgery (998 publications, 21.52%) published the most research in this field and was also the most frequently co-cited journal (22,351 citations, total link strength (TLS): 409,301). Clemens MW (68 publications, 1.47%) was the most prolific author, and Spear SL (1456 citations, TLS: 27,231) was the most frequently co-cited author. The research hotspots included the following four aspects: safety and effectiveness of breast implants, implant-based breast reconstruction, breast cancer incidence after breast implantation, and breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL). The research trends were BIA-ALCL, implant-based breast reconstruction, BREAST-Q, acellular dermal matrix, capsular contracture, and autologous fat grafting. CONCLUSION: The present study provides a panoramic view of breast augmentation research in plastic and reconstructive surgery. This novel comprehensive bibliometric analysis can help researchers and nonresearchers alike to rapidly identify the potential partners, research hotspots, and research trends within their areas of interest. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Update on Rhinoplasty Research Trends: A Bibliometric Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Rhinoplasty is one of the most commonly performed aesthetic surgical procedures. The current study aimed to use bibliometric analysis to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate rhinoplasty research and determine the research trends and hotspots in this field. METHODS: Publications on rhinoplasty research were extracted from the web of science core collection database. VOSviewer1.6.18 was used to analyze the co-authorship, co-occurrence, the citations of countries, institutions, authors, and hotspot keywords, and the journals in which the studies were published. RESULTS: On April 8, 2022, 11,130 records of rhinoplasty research published between 1945 and 2021 were collected. Most of the retrieved studies were original research articles (n = 8309, 74.65%), and 1950 (17.52%) papers were available in an open-access format. The annual publication output increased annually. Research groups in the USA were the main contributors and had a strong academic reputation in this field. University of California System was the institution with the greatest contribution (4.17%, with 464 publications). Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (1248 publications, 11.21%) published the most research in this field and was also the most frequently co-cited journal (33,894 citations, total link strength [TLS]: 722,672). R. J. Rohrich (140 publications) was the most prolific author and the most frequently co-cited author (2562 citations, TLS: 56,624). The following rhinoplasty research hotspots were identified: cleft rhinoplasty, nasal reconstruction, nasal tip, revision rhinoplasty, septorhinoplasty, nasal prosthesis, hyaluronic acid, and preservation rhinoplasty. CONCLUSION: Our results provide a general overview of the major directions in rhinoplasty research. Preservation rhinoplasty, rib graft, nonsurgical rhinoplasty, hyaluronic acid, FACE-Q, fillers, and three-dimensional technology may be future research hotspots. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Investigating COVID-19-Related query logs of Chinese search engine users.

Query logs include valuable information for understanding user intent and behavior in Web search. In this article, we investigate COVID-19-related query logs by dividing search sessions into different intent and analyzing the user behavior of groups and individuals. We believe it important to learn about the epidemic's influence on users' search behavior and refine search engine to confront similar epidemic outbreaks in the future.

Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in depression (Review).

Depression is a devastating mood disorder that causes profound disability worldwide. Despite the increasing number of antidepressant medications available, the treatment options for depression are limited. Therefore, understanding the etiology and pathophysiology of depression, and exploiting potential novel agents to treat and prevent this disorder are imperative. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activates the unfolded protein response and mediates the pathogenesis of psychiatric diseases, including depression. Emerging evidence in human and animal models suggests an intriguing link between ER stress and depression. The ER serves as an important subcellular organelle for the synthesis, folding, modification, and transport of proteins, a process that is highly developed in neuronal cells. Perturbations of ER homeostasis lead to ER stress, and ER stress helps to restore the normal ER function by restoring the protein­folding capacity of the ER. This biological defense mechanism is imperative to prevent the disease. However, excessive or persistent ER stress eventually causes cell death. If the damage occurs in the hippocampus, the amygdala and striatum and other areas of the neurons will be involved in the development of depression. In this review article, we explore how ER stress might have an important role in the pathophysiology of depression and how different drugs affect depression through ER stress.

A differentially selective probe based on diketopyrrolopyrrole with fluorescence turn-on response to Fe(3+), and dual-mode turn-on and ratiometric response to Au(3+), and its application in living cell imaging.

A diketopyrrolopyrrole-based probe DPP-PyR was able to recognize Fe(3+) and Au(3+) with fluorescent turn-on response via different emission modes with relatively low detection limit. Moreover, DPP-PyR exhibited preferential second mode of selectivity for Au(3+) as it ratiometrically displaced Fe(3+) from the [DPP-PyR+Fe(3+)] complex. Furthermore, the imaging experiments indicated that this probe was cell-permeable and could be used to detect Fe(3+) and Au(3+) ions within living cell. To the best of our knowledge, it was the first probe for detection Fe(3+) and Au (3+) at the same time ever reported.