Advances in systemic immune inflammatory indices in non-small cell lung cancer: A review.

Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers globally, with non-small cell lung cancers constituting the majority. These cancers have a high incidence and mortality rate. In recent years, a growing body of research has demonstrated the intricate link between inflammation and cancer, highlighting that inflammation and cancer are inextricably linked and that inflammation plays a pivotal role in cancer development, progression, and prognosis of cancer. The Systemic Immunoinflammatory Index (SII), comprising neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts, is a more comprehensive indicator of the host's systemic inflammation and immune status than a single inflammatory index. It is widely used in clinical practice due to its cost-effectiveness, simplicity, noninvasiveness, and ease of acquisition. This paper reviews the impact of SII on the development, progression, and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer.

Role of exosomal noncoding RNA in esophageal carcinoma.

Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor with a high degree of malignancy. Understanding its pathogenesis and identifying early diagnostic biomarkers can significantly improve the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients. Exosomes are small double-membrane vesicles found in various body fluids containing various components (DNA, RNA, and proteins) that mediate intercellular signal communication. Non-coding RNAs are a class of gene transcription products that encode polypeptide functions and are widely detected in exosomes. There is growing evidence that exosomal non-coding RNAs are involved in cancer growth, metastasis and angiogenesis, and can also be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers. This article reviews the recent progress in exosomal non-coding RNAs in esophageal cancer, including research progress, diagnostic value, proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance, provide new ideas for the precise treatment of esophageal cancer.

Status of anti-lung cancer drug patents applications in China from 2003 to 2012.

BACKGROUND: During the past 10 years, dramatic progress has been made in the development of effective lung cancer drugs in China. However, little is known about their patents. OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze lung cancer patents or potential drug candidates issued in China over the last 10 years, and thus help researchers and developers to understand the current situation and potential candidates of lung cancer drug patents in China. METHODS: Data were obtained from China Intellectual Property Right Net (CNIPR), a website maintained by the Intellectual Property Publishing House (IPPH) subordinate to the State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO), and analyzed by bibliometric methods. RESULTS: A total of 707 lung cancer drug patents have been granted in China over the past 10 years. These patents include synthetic compounds, traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), combinations of synthetic compounds and TCM, biological products and medical apparatus. Current TCM approaches focus primarily on alteration of natural product rather than whole herb treatments, and there is an effort to modify TCM components and natural products to achieve optimal cancer targeting effects. The patents on synthetic lung cancer drug compounds in China mainly focus on well-known targets, such as EGFR, which comprises 93% of patents for validated targets. CONCLUSION: There has been a surge in lung cancer patents filed in China in recent years due to advancements in the Chinese pharmaceutical industries, improved practices that protect intellectual property rights, and a growing demand for lung cancer drugs. Therefore, there are great opportunities for obtaining lung cancer drug patents, particularly patents on active ingredients from TCM in China.